tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-74194202389176069712024-02-22T00:13:46.157+11:00Blue Mountains Local StudiesFrom the Local Studies Librarian, Blue Mountains Library, New South Wales, Australia -
"I go to libraries because they are the ocean." Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.comBlogger62125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-28351124135175502742023-08-21T10:16:00.002+10:002023-08-24T09:30:21.556+10:00The Plucky Rescuer – the story of Hindman Street, Katoomba<p> The origins of the older street names in the Blue Mountains are, in some cases, not easily determined. This is a great shame for, behind the naming of those streets for which we do have information, there are some very interesting stories in¬deed. Hindman Street in Katoomba is a case in point.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRi8ZkdT60RR54j6JB_OBsbGC6I5LIYoVbjhPDYa_1WtYkvz-rXXlnYOS_dLKWcZXmYBpo_wwsI6sltv0ytkRPZnBS7nFiJgm4IncE7x6ExKFd9ISr1Wpq3Tuno9_rGTLOiATQ_603WVcvVEouMglIxGyX1z0vVgJ9vnu7Vizxnt8o7TOJdROu_oTFtuM/s8858/hindman%20pano%20.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1476" data-original-width="8858" height="80" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRi8ZkdT60RR54j6JB_OBsbGC6I5LIYoVbjhPDYa_1WtYkvz-rXXlnYOS_dLKWcZXmYBpo_wwsI6sltv0ytkRPZnBS7nFiJgm4IncE7x6ExKFd9ISr1Wpq3Tuno9_rGTLOiATQ_603WVcvVEouMglIxGyX1z0vVgJ9vnu7Vizxnt8o7TOJdROu_oTFtuM/w484-h80/hindman%20pano%20.jpg" width="484" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The former Five Ways General Store with Cascade St, left, <br />Neale St, centre and Hindman St, right (John Merriman) </td></tr></tbody></table><p>In the 1880s and 1890s Katoomba was two quite separate townships: the elite tourist destination high on the hill, centred on the palatial Carrington Hotel; and a working class coal mining settlement in the south that drew miners and their families from other coalfields in the state and beyond. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL_rhGkJUzxUwhZk2BzzWrAuQ4vxzyTQJjXmeegMByWC51EwdusI9NabS0QH_MACKTNL_d922yqdTahp6qpVv1hj8n8Tn39XD1wTdmtb2lyLJ9-vSe14uKiLrEPSDU6ds2P0i8-uMRg5SSPx-NLQEvLhdbEQnlE1ppQw8tMDqW0oqi5Rjpj29JTFlPYu8/s2788/pf%201014%20ed%20w%20.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2788" data-original-width="2230" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL_rhGkJUzxUwhZk2BzzWrAuQ4vxzyTQJjXmeegMByWC51EwdusI9NabS0QH_MACKTNL_d922yqdTahp6qpVv1hj8n8Tn39XD1wTdmtb2lyLJ9-vSe14uKiLrEPSDU6ds2P0i8-uMRg5SSPx-NLQEvLhdbEQnlE1ppQw8tMDqW0oqi5Rjpj29JTFlPYu8/s320/pf%201014%20ed%20w%20.jpg" width="256" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Katoomba coal mine railway c1887 (pf1014)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Samuel Alexander Hindman was a young miner, born in the historic gold mining settlement of Porcupine near Maldon, Victoria in 1863, he grew up in the Newcastle coalfields and had been injured at the Duckenfield Colliery near Hexham in 1879. Samuel arrived in Katoomba in the mid-1880s where he married Birmingham born Isabella Edwards (1962-1893), daughter of Henry and Isabella Edwards who ran the Centennial Hotel near Katoomba Falls, catering mainly to the miners of South Katoomba. Henry was a pugilist of some note and conducted bouts in a small stadium he had built in the hotel grounds.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivdqkfjFN5T8RD1hPpyivuR_6LjRAFFbCKlpq2HnzAn2xZ02qREXt3cqFSghC6GOPbddrqFeQEY-Voq3g9RthiPKNVtKVD8qV-TAQzPm9R4eCpcOTk-k6S8o-OQ2jfUJsHI0huyh9p3zZ7XZVqEgoNFuy9vVxc49xa-fiOfg5m3_fKt4HQGBojEefdgmc/s2813/pf%20455%20ed%20w%20.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2127" data-original-width="2813" height="242" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivdqkfjFN5T8RD1hPpyivuR_6LjRAFFbCKlpq2HnzAn2xZ02qREXt3cqFSghC6GOPbddrqFeQEY-Voq3g9RthiPKNVtKVD8qV-TAQzPm9R4eCpcOTk-k6S8o-OQ2jfUJsHI0huyh9p3zZ7XZVqEgoNFuy9vVxc49xa-fiOfg5m3_fKt4HQGBojEefdgmc/s320/pf%20455%20ed%20w%20.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Centennial Hotel in south Katoomba 1895 (pf455)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Samuel and Isabella’s first child Emily was born in 1886 and a second, Henry, followed two years later, both births being registered in Lithgow. Samuel laboured in the Hartley Vale coal mines through 1887, until returning to Katoomba in 1888. By this time mining activities below Katoomba had begun to decrease. The seams were becoming exhausted, returns from sales were reduced and miners had to move on. So in 1889 Samuel packed up the family with all their belongings and embarked for New Zealand, where he obtained work in a colliery in the small North Island town of Huntly. A town that became, in the 20th Century, the site of a the largest coal and gas-fired power station in New Zealand and now burns round 800,000 tonnes of coal annually. It was here that fate dealt the family a terrible blow.</p><p>On the 22nd December, 1890, an attempt to start a new drive went wrong and four miners were buried when the tunnel collapsed. Samuel was among those who were first at the scene and lead the desperate battle to rescue the trapped men. ‘The Plucky Rescuer Seriously Injured’, ran the newspaper story in the Auckland Star of December 24, 1890: </p><p></p><blockquote>A THRILL of horror ran through the quiet little village of Huntley a few weeks ago, when it was known that a serious accident had happened in the coal mine. For a moment all was excitement, and men, women and children, seized with one wild impulse, rushed towards the mouth of the mine. The mine is only a hundred yards or so from the village, and in a very few minutes all the villagers were crowded round the mouth of the pit. But rumour had exaggerated the tale, and soon the minds of most were quieted in regard to their own nearest and dearest, for those at the mouth of the pit were able to say that the accident had but four victims. That news allayed many a fear, but the intense excitement remained. All the long night and all the next day a crowd hung round the spot. Men stood there with set faces and hands clenched, women wept and pitied the suffering ones.</blockquote><p></p><p>After several hours two of the miners were found, unable to move but alive. Hindman had his arm around one of them and was trying to pull him out when a second fall of earth crashed down, burying the original victims and seriously injuring their would-be rescuer. The attending doctor declared Hindman's case to be hopeless and he was removed to Hamilton Hospital. There he lingered for four months before his death on the 8th April, 1891. Early rate books show that Hindman Street was named by the Katoomba Municipal Council later that year.</p><p>The details of the accident and Hindman's heroism and subsequent death were featured in the Katoomba press. "He was", said the editor of the Katoomba Times, "well known in the district and great sympathy is felt for his family."</p><p>Isabella Hindman and her children returned to Katoomba to live near her family and, in 1893, she opened a general store in Cascade St at the top of Hindman Street. She may in fact have lived in the shop, later known as the Five Ways General Store, now a private home that still stands in a residential area at the intersection of Hindman St, Neale St, North and South Cascade St and Edwards St. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh06anxvxZ5lE38nyIddqOd1wv9xTaF6MvNTIVtFg9M4sgGEZiooKFAD-Zh1Z0u5ViDwETz-hq2-rBj7x3tiBWDPeRevi6Xp28ycRvPA86kGx7bxX6jmTmwhm9z7G6l-jJHQQnVeCmBbqnLdnwxGBOnej-cgkykUqeyXievY5_Ryp2YTPcvyoVyqMhRiPY/s3600/hindman%20ed%20w%20.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3600" data-original-width="2400" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh06anxvxZ5lE38nyIddqOd1wv9xTaF6MvNTIVtFg9M4sgGEZiooKFAD-Zh1Z0u5ViDwETz-hq2-rBj7x3tiBWDPeRevi6Xp28ycRvPA86kGx7bxX6jmTmwhm9z7G6l-jJHQQnVeCmBbqnLdnwxGBOnej-cgkykUqeyXievY5_Ryp2YTPcvyoVyqMhRiPY/s320/hindman%20ed%20w%20.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Plan of Katoomba (1918) extract </td></tr></tbody></table><div style="text-align: center;"> Hindman St highlighted </div><p>Neale St is marked on a 1912 map as the ‘Main Road from Katoomba Mines & Falls’, a path many tired and dirty miners would have trudged at shift end, from the dark, dripping tunnels under Katoomba. It wasn't long, however, before Isabella too was struck down in tragic circumstances and after a painful illness died on the 13th August, 1893.</p><p>The Katoomba Times recorded:</p><p></p><blockquote><p>On Sunday morning last Mrs. S. Hindman breathed her last and left behind three little children and a large number of relatives to mourn their loss. The poor woman, during the 31 years of her life, experienced a far greater portion of trouble than the average mortal. </p><p>Few, indeed, suffered as she suffered, and few would so bravely bare what she endured. Her husband (the late Mr. S. Hindman) it will be remembered was two years ago killed while endeavoring to save a comrade in a coal mine at New Zealand. Shortly after this sad event, the widow came to Katoomba and opened a small general store. She, however, at this time had a cancer growing in her breast, but so long as she could ply her needle she toiled hard to provide for herself and her young family. </p><p>Some months ago she went under a very serious operation in the hope of getting rid of her affliction, and it was thought and hoped with success. She rallied for a time, but the cancer grew again and the poor woman for the last two months or more suffered intense agony, and succumbed to the disease on Sunday morning. On Monday afternoon her remains were interred in the Katoomba cemetery. </p><p>A large number of people followed the corpse to its last resting place. At the grave the Rev. J. H. Maclean read the solemn burial service of the Church of England and at the conclusion made a few appropriate remarks to those who assembled to pay their last tribute of respect to one who bad won tbc esteem of all with whom she came in contact. Three little children have lost a kind indulgent mother and we hope they will never forget her who did so much for them and who sacrificed so much that they should be cared for. Mr. John Chandler, undertaker, &c., of Katoomba, conducted the funeral.</p></blockquote><p></p><p>Hindman Street is now a quiet backwater away from the hustle and bustle of the town, but the tragic lives of two Blue Mountains' early citizens are still commemorated in the name.</p><p style="text-align: center;">*****</p><div style="text-align: left;">Author - John Low, Blue Mountains Library<br />Originally published in the Blue Mountains Weekender 1993<br />Revised by John Merriman, Blue Mountains Library 2023 </div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Images are from the Local Studies Collection unless otherwise noted.</div><p><u>References</u></p><p>Online newspaper articles</p><p>•<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Terrible Mining Accident In New Zealand. (1891, January 17). Katoomba Times (NSW : 1889 - 1894), p. 4. Retrieved August 9, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194111278 </p><p>•<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>The Late Mr. Sam. Hindman. (1891, April 18). Katoomba Times (NSW : 1889 - 1894), p. 2. Retrieved August 9, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194114212 </p><p>•<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>The Late Mrs. Hindman. (1893, August 18). Katoomba Times (NSW : 1889 - 1894), p. 2. Retrieved August 9, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194110452 </p><p>Links</p><p><a href="https://www.gem.wiki/Huntly_power_station#:~:text=As%20of%202021%2C%20the%20original,and%20then%20further%20to%202025." target="_blank">Huntly power station</a></p><p><a href="https://www.forestandbird.org.nz/resources/coal-qa#:~:text=Huntly%20Power%20Station%2C%20which%20is,tonnes%20of%20coal%20a%20year." target="_blank">Coal Q&A Huntly</a></p><p><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/uon/8550660218/" target="_blank">Duckenfield colliery </a></p><p>Books</p><p>•<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Street whys : the origins of Blue Mountains City street names, Christopher J. Woods, 1997</p><p>•<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Happy Days, Blue Mountains guest houses remembered, Gwen Silvey, 1996.</p><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: center;">*****</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-32706661668135610762023-02-06T09:35:00.000+11:002023-02-06T09:35:14.304+11:00Caley’s Repulse <p> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDlmTp7xiPI2IlyJpucTY3dQZJywzLFQaV8i0NwM9X689xA8CHS1CKTK46NaG5iufhkhzDK1jwpv_di6egg2d-5RSw5Xni2_N9ZZBRw9-K9LjWZTMF8dJGDD2JMn9JACQBlqR4N82FZRDufYbfRVtx71vAUNafYDRS1xWoC6ftf3I70vvlQYUcAT9M/s3542/shs%20604%201912.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2360" data-original-width="3542" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDlmTp7xiPI2IlyJpucTY3dQZJywzLFQaV8i0NwM9X689xA8CHS1CKTK46NaG5iufhkhzDK1jwpv_di6egg2d-5RSw5Xni2_N9ZZBRw9-K9LjWZTMF8dJGDD2JMn9JACQBlqR4N82FZRDufYbfRVtx71vAUNafYDRS1xWoC6ftf3I70vvlQYUcAT9M/s320/shs%20604%201912.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Caley’s Repulse c1914 (SHS 604)</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Caley’s
Repulse is the name given by Governor Macquarie in April 1815, on his
inspection tour over the new Bathurst Road, to the ‘cairn of stones’ discovered
by Blaxland, Wentworth and Lawson during their first crossing of the Blue Mountains
in 1813.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Blaxland,
on Wednesday, 19th May, 1813, wrote that after passing the site of to-day's
Linden Railway Station, they ascended the second ridge of the mountains and at
a little distance from the spot where Mt. Banks bore NW, Grose Head NE,
Prospect Hill E by S, The Seven Hills ENE and Windsor NE by E, they "found
a heap of stones piled up in the shape of a pyramid", one side of which
was opened.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">The
origin of this cairn, which is situated on a high ridge within the property
known as ‘Mandalay’ at Linden, is shrouded in mystery. Blaxland presumed that
it had been built by George Bass, afterwards the discoverer of Bass Straight.
In 1796 Bass, equipped with alpine hooks, ropes and equipment, made an
unsuccessful attempt to cross the Blue Mountains. William Lawson in his private
memoirs stated that Bass was known to have made a 'heap of stones at the
termination of his journey’ but this is not confirmed by any historical record.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: none;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">On his outward journey, Macquarie wrote:
"In the course of this day's ride we had very fine and extensive views of
the adjacent low country towards Windsor, Parramatta, and Prospect, especially
from Kealy's Pile, which I have named "Kealy's Repulse." On his way
back from Bathurst, Macquarie wrote that, "I stopd for a few minutes at
the pile of stones which I have called "Caley's Repulse", situated
near the 17th mile tree, and from where there is a very extensive view to the
eastward and southward."</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: none;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">In
1912 the Royal Australian Historical Society decided to make an exploration on
the Mountains in an endeavour to re-establish the position of the old monument.
With all available data, information and plans, Frank Walker and party set out
from Linden to search the district and if possible locate the historic cairn.
An exhaustive search was made all around Linden station and Martin's Folly (now
The Bungalow) without any success. It was then decided to search the ridge to
the West of Linden and the property owned by Mr. Oldham (Portion 14 Parish of
Woodford) was explored. Mr Oldham, when acquainted with the object of the
search, conducted the party to an unusual litter of scattered stones within his
property. After careful examination it was decided without any doubt, that
Caley's Repulse had been re-discovered. The scattered stones were photographed
and the pictures were presented to the Mitchell Library.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKZgDbRMv1-D26cd4DZKgJmur8xyculiD6le668s949SfsZA6dzM2oT1kfg2-7c-VGwYXnjNnyE1RsrMeuxytmHj2rJFaxBuOuvgyvoawAZt_3-YWG3KpPWxLxIU-KYStlEfwKCUHUQ69Q3C2fH5MSflm-3SqVAniRKZ2vweatYlSBrv0Ac3QHYtez/s4411/shs%20407%20ed%20w%20.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2888" data-original-width="4411" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKZgDbRMv1-D26cd4DZKgJmur8xyculiD6le668s949SfsZA6dzM2oT1kfg2-7c-VGwYXnjNnyE1RsrMeuxytmHj2rJFaxBuOuvgyvoawAZt_3-YWG3KpPWxLxIU-KYStlEfwKCUHUQ69Q3C2fH5MSflm-3SqVAniRKZ2vweatYlSBrv0Ac3QHYtez/s320/shs%20407%20ed%20w%20.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Caley’s Repulse – as it appeared on the day of discovery. Friday September 6th 1912. Group reading from Left to Right: G.R. Nicholls; G.H. Gifford; Mrs A.G. Foster; C.H. Bertie; A.E. Ancher; E. Oldham; Frank Walker photo (SHS 407)</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">In
1913, Mr. Oldham had the cairn rebuilt from the scattered stones around the
site, exactly 100 years after its first discovery by Blaxland. It was decided
by the Historical Society that a memorial should be placed near the Cairn and
the Government was approached on the subject. The 1914 war intervened, and no
action was taken. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">In
1972 in response to Linden residents’ requests, Blue Mountains City Council
placed a fence around it with a plaque. Whether this was the original cairn
noted by Blaxland, Macquarie and others is open to conjecture. There is no
mention of it by travellers after 1827, Louisa Anne Meredith for example did
not mention it in 1839.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Alan
Searle of Springwood Historical Society, argued that the true site was on the
eastern side of the Bathurst Road</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">close
to Woodford Trig station. This was based on an 1831 map of WH Govett showing
the ‘Pile of Stones’, and an 1832 survey by HC Butler showing ‘Pile of Stones,
Caley’s Repulse’.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Cecil
Atwell has argued that based on Evans’ bearings in his field book, Govett’s map
and Cox’s journal, the original ‘pile of stones’ was about 150 metres south of
the 580m peak to the north of the Woodford Trig. Stn. (598m) and was probably part
of an Aboriginal track way sign post system. It was near an important junction
of four routes and an important meeting place and close to a place where there
was a large cavern, which provided shelter and water - today's King's Cave, originally
called “Evans’ Cave” by Cox. It was on the eastern side of Cox’s road and was displaced
by Bull’s later road improvements</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">The
missing side of the pile of stones was actually a representation of the cleft
in the cliffs at Blaxland's ‘cleft’, which would be a mile away at Cox's Pass,
(Cox's naming) or Bluff Bridge (Macquarie's naming). From the rock pile you
could go northerly along Dawes' Ridge to the Grose River; southerly to
Wentworth Falls or easterly to Springwood and down to the creek which led to
Bull's Creek and so eventually to the Grose River. Atwell concludes, “I do not
believe any European built this ‘pile of stones’.”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">References:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Atwell,
Cecil. Research notes ‘Caley’s Repulse’, Blue Mountains City Library, Local
Studies collection. n.d.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Banks,
E.C. Caley’s Repulse and Mount Twiss, historic spots at Linden, Blue Mountains.
Typescript, March 1943.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Walker,
Frank, F.R.A.H.S. Caley's Repulse, an Old-time Cairn. The Blue Mountain Echo,
25 Feb 1921: 8. Retrieved 7 Nov. 2013, from </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108239806">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108239806</a></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-32110756269090010092022-07-18T11:48:00.004+10:002022-07-18T13:09:32.127+10:00Walter Henry Bone (1863-1934) Author, Journalist, Bushman, and Soldier of Fortune <p> Walter Henry Bone was born at 52 Crown St Sydney in 1863, his father was Robert Bone, printer, aged 30 of London; his mother was Sophia Mary nee Lymings, age 29 also of London. The parents had married in 1853 and immigration records show they arrived in Australia on the ship <i>Herald of the Morning</i>, as assisted immigrants in 1858 with their daughter Augusta 3, and the body of their infant son Robert, who had died on the voyage.</p><p>At the time of Walter’s birth there was a living son Robert Jnr, born 1860, named after his dead brother and his father; and Augusta, born in England. There were in fact six sons born in Australia: Robert Jnr (1860-?), Walter (1863-1934), Ernest (1866-1937), Horace H (1868-?), George (1871-?), Septimus (or Stephinas) Clarence (1874-1941), Augusta never married and died in 1940 aged about 85.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqKUaA_wdRcXDZU9PA5KKVSnWnZ_7au4cG-EI4ii3C8KF3GFyPBElX43etPX3-KPZINNmojLklF5dUzpX3UHJFHcVVJrutI9-Mr5IpSAPOpLurKG2w7H0VfJ8p2HD6RMFmjmNn_RE7cb5dN8IjwYBBTqq38SsmUMRGCSBkcHw-uPW35aN--8yHKVHT/s2874/PF538%20ed%20.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2243" data-original-width="2874" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqKUaA_wdRcXDZU9PA5KKVSnWnZ_7au4cG-EI4ii3C8KF3GFyPBElX43etPX3-KPZINNmojLklF5dUzpX3UHJFHcVVJrutI9-Mr5IpSAPOpLurKG2w7H0VfJ8p2HD6RMFmjmNn_RE7cb5dN8IjwYBBTqq38SsmUMRGCSBkcHw-uPW35aN--8yHKVHT/s320/PF538%20ed%20.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Walter and Frances Bone with their expertly pitched tent, <br />camping in the Megalong Valley c.1900 <br />(Local Studies collection PF 538)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Following his education at Sydney Grammar School, Walter left for Africa and adventure. His obituary states he was ADC to the Sultan of Zanzibar, and was skilled in ancient weaponry and horsemanship. It seems amazing that a young man, born and raised in Sydney, became officer in an African Sultan’s cavalry. Access to sub-Saharan Africa at that time was usually via cargo ship to Cape Town. London to Sydney passenger shipping had been via the Suez Canal since 1869. Walter was then about 23, and he does not appear in any relevant shipping departures or arrivals. It is possible that Walter entered Africa from the port of Aden and travelled down the East African trade routes to Zanzibar, but no shipping records have been uncovered to confirm this.</p><p>Walter’s 1896 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166105576" target="_blank">article</a> in the Sydney Mail however, does show a real familiarity with the Zanzibar situation. The Sultan’s Palace at Zanzibar was built in 1883 by Sayyid Barghash, the third Sultan of Zanzibar, (ruled 1870-1896). In 1886, the British and Germans secretly met and re-established control of the area under the sultan’s rule. Over the next few years, most of the mainland possessions of the sultanate were taken by European imperial powers. With the signing of the Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty in 1890 during Ali ibn Sa’id’s reign, Zanzibar became a British protectorate. </p><p>If Walter was in Zanzibar in the mid-1880s, he was more likely working as a journalist for the Sydney Mail. Interestingly the photos of Zanzibar used to produce the engravings for the Sydney Mail article were produced by Staff-Surgeon F. J. Lilly, of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Katoomba" target="_blank">H.M.S. Katoomba</a>, which may explain the absence of civilian shipping records recording Walter’s foreign travels. The <a href="https://flic.kr/p/5VSyax" target="_blank">1892 photo</a> of Walter among a group of influential local men, including prominent sportsmen, politicians and Freemasons, may go some way in explaining how the young journalist obtained the posting to Zanzibar on a naval ship.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlB161wN1XE9V7dRYbmda9j5uEz1dslja3gvMtcqJP0W1RKPPS2aqpBaxqhMnd34SUYWkrMQkLVinTiOyG-7WxL84IxZBGST0M388PDjU5-TYJHWF21V2oRjTSvMzLXwgA5AvOpQ4Ow8cHV9t4XB5gXi2TMqHXR8EaHjN0vNmYvXKn-bmlgnDxiRUn/s11327/pf%20147%20ed%20w%20.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="7185" data-original-width="11327" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlB161wN1XE9V7dRYbmda9j5uEz1dslja3gvMtcqJP0W1RKPPS2aqpBaxqhMnd34SUYWkrMQkLVinTiOyG-7WxL84IxZBGST0M388PDjU5-TYJHWF21V2oRjTSvMzLXwgA5AvOpQ4Ow8cHV9t4XB5gXi2TMqHXR8EaHjN0vNmYvXKn-bmlgnDxiRUn/s320/pf%20147%20ed%20w%20.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Walter Bone as a young journalist, back row fifth from right, with some Katoomba identities 1892.<br />(Local Studies Collection PF 147)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>By 1889 when he married Frances Emily née Budgett, Walter was living back in Australia, and from 1890 to 1891 held the position of joint editor of The Blue Mountains Express newspaper in Katoomba. Walter was also associated with Katoomba College, the private school founded by John Walter Fletcher in 1884. When the art studio and gymnasium at the college were destroyed by Fire in October 1890, Walter and the artist <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blamire_Young" target="_blank">Blamire Young</a> were there. The Nepean Times <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article101010045" target="_blank">article</a> reporting the fire describes the studio and supplies more detail on Walter’s African sojourn :</p><p></p><blockquote>The furniture consisted of lounges, tables and chairs, all of different historical eras— bookcases, easels, desks, &c. On the walls were a plethora of valuable etchings, oil and watercolour pictures, drawings and engravings. The floors were covered with rich and expensive carpets, whilst the many valuable articles of virtu, are beyond description. All these were the property of Mr W. Blamire-Young (Acting Headmaster of the College, in the absence of Mr J. W. Fletcher). In addition to the above, there were in the studio a large collection of African Trophies and Curiosities, the property of Mr Walter H. Bone, editor of this journal. These comprised a number of tiger, leopard, and other skins, weapons, utensils, ornaments, tusks, horns, &c., trophies of war and the chase, also the original journal of two years' experiences in Central Africa. <i>Nepean Times (Penrith, NSW : 1882 - 1962), Saturday 18 October 1890, page 6</i></blockquote><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1BpeQ00pkFd4HG6k22bBHKxZVb0L79a3i9EnAoWBoAoDPNtw3NiGWUjzX7aBoxpllOIRjP4gA0zBsdCXB2wOZAqv2tbwVHFmNE7ttF9Gq9UDdllAKQErkbSL-sRWs47S87LnVkjX-CLiWlWKMCzDOtI2YDcxleaU-Ff6PtVZtHJAO6tELPLiYrkJt/s2874/PF539.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2304" data-original-width="2874" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1BpeQ00pkFd4HG6k22bBHKxZVb0L79a3i9EnAoWBoAoDPNtw3NiGWUjzX7aBoxpllOIRjP4gA0zBsdCXB2wOZAqv2tbwVHFmNE7ttF9Gq9UDdllAKQErkbSL-sRWs47S87LnVkjX-CLiWlWKMCzDOtI2YDcxleaU-Ff6PtVZtHJAO6tELPLiYrkJt/s320/PF539.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Walter with clients on a hunting expedition into the Megalong Valley 1920s <br />(Local Studies collection PF 539)</td></tr></tbody></table><p> After leaving Katoomba the couple's address was Pile St, Marrickville where they had two daughters, Vera (1891) and Hazel (1896). Vera married Alan Parkinson at Gosford in 1915; Hazel married Albert Drinkwater at Hamilton in 1933. The 1930 electoral shows Walter Bone, journalist and Frances Emily Bone residing at 24 Springdale Rd Killara. In Walter’s obituary Mrs Bone is said to be visiting her daughter Mrs F Powley in California, there is no record of a Bone – Powley marriage in NSW, this may be another daughter or a remarriage.</p><p></p><p>Walter later worked in the family printing business and wrote a regular children’s column for the Sydney Mail. He also illustrated and published children’s books, including, “Hoppity: being the life of an albino kangaroo” (1933) and his collected stories from the Sydney Mail, “What became of them? Australian stories for children.” In his later years he maintained a rural property at Nattai near Mittagong and conducted guided shooting trips into the Burragorang and Megalong valleys. After his death in 1934, his children’s books continued to be reprinted until the 1950s.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQsGRWun2V8_SJIOY9EdkJVIro-0COY-6t9UtrvE2KJJ59bQbCLOxbbfcRgTbFQI-8cxIrDuC52Nz7tQYAD0Rc5mwN1kxd5h5ZUzkGWJzViv2ihylsnRKkqF_EiaZzFaRjSQA9TRA-1W5hyvJRX8YIjgEBwO0Y0KDr1Dj2R1yCV3PQuCuL485vAHnl/s3925/img705%20ed%20.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3925" data-original-width="2667" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQsGRWun2V8_SJIOY9EdkJVIro-0COY-6t9UtrvE2KJJ59bQbCLOxbbfcRgTbFQI-8cxIrDuC52Nz7tQYAD0Rc5mwN1kxd5h5ZUzkGWJzViv2ihylsnRKkqF_EiaZzFaRjSQA9TRA-1W5hyvJRX8YIjgEBwO0Y0KDr1Dj2R1yCV3PQuCuL485vAHnl/s320/img705%20ed%20.jpg" width="217" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: start;">Walter's inside cover illustration for 'What Became of Them?'</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Walter was a member of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales and contributed articles to a number of learned journals; the article below is from <i>Science</i> 1920 and includes Walter’s own fine illustration of a goanna.</p><p></p><blockquote><p>The Booming Lizard of Australia</p><p>In July 1913, I was hunting in the Cox’s River Ranges with two companions – Andrew and John Duncan, of Megalong. We found a black-and-yellow banded monitor lizard about five feet long concealed in a crevice on the face of a wall. We had no intention of injuring him, but out of mischief Andrew Duncan suggested that we should make him yell. I was sceptical, but both men assured me that the lizard could, and would yell under persuasion. </p></blockquote><blockquote><p>On condition that there should be no cruelty, I consented to a demonstration. They laughed at the idea of cruelty. Andrew picked up a stick and began poking the reptile in the ribs and tickling him under the arm. It stood it for a while, merely squirming closer down in the crevice, then, having had enough of it, blew himself out and emitted a most comically doleful bellow that could be heard several hundred yards away. This he did repeatedly until we had laughed ourselves tired. It was funny, on looking back after we had gone fifty yards, to see the lizard stick his head around the corner to make sure that we had really departed.</p><p>I have had for the last four years at my hunting-box on the Nattai river, a tame monitor whom I have called “Joseph” on account of his coat of many colors, and who is the interesting companion of my solitude and incidentally keeps the snakes away. With the above in my mind, I experimented on him. I found him camped under the bench beneath the window and irritated him with the end of a stick. He did as the other had done-filled himself with wind and then emitted it in a prolonged bellowing groan. By the way, our “bookbook owl” does much the same thing. He fills himself nearly to bursting in a succession of gasps, and then says “Hoo-hoo hoo” till he has no more breath, then fills up again.</p></blockquote><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdEgPDyz9ZoFnmvggtPDnbhj6y_Vgg2lhr7SY1Loc8lgvw1T3CUpAiVEIvSFFbW7tDkAhEuTOZ1a2Dk9jUYkG-ZU7i8gOQT8azAWlyKWlThOcvywq-8CVZflwJmIxEG4pv6aElvG6CgU739NmidQf-LZbU9hmN2XPA3dd5azGsiMBMMI6WIS4UVq0R/s1356/img700%20ed%20crop%20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="904" data-original-width="1356" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdEgPDyz9ZoFnmvggtPDnbhj6y_Vgg2lhr7SY1Loc8lgvw1T3CUpAiVEIvSFFbW7tDkAhEuTOZ1a2Dk9jUYkG-ZU7i8gOQT8azAWlyKWlThOcvywq-8CVZflwJmIxEG4pv6aElvG6CgU739NmidQf-LZbU9hmN2XPA3dd5azGsiMBMMI6WIS4UVq0R/s320/img700%20ed%20crop%20.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p>Walter H. Bone, Linnaean Society of New South Wales, Sydney</p><p>From: <i>Science</i>, September 17, 1920, Vol. LII (1342), p. 273</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ32wUmYovBs0O2to0rq7KGc0gKsWTR2M2CkdsHYochXJguJuyLr0WqIRONFuYPc30c3rZdG882K6TR4WMzBW50vVCuXgkWJGXjEskp-xF6Ckxzjpvn2iyTu20ODZmUAcrBE09ArvtvCYIpO2zaa7h-HTK7AhKao98Sqp93Mz97RkXYtUk5E0SiSSs/s2874/PF537-2%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="color: black;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2311" data-original-width="2874" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ32wUmYovBs0O2to0rq7KGc0gKsWTR2M2CkdsHYochXJguJuyLr0WqIRONFuYPc30c3rZdG882K6TR4WMzBW50vVCuXgkWJGXjEskp-xF6Ckxzjpvn2iyTu20ODZmUAcrBE09ArvtvCYIpO2zaa7h-HTK7AhKao98Sqp93Mz97RkXYtUk5E0SiSSs/s320/PF537-2%20copy.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mr Bone with a young Jack Duncan shooting in the Megalong Valley</td></tr></tbody></table><div style="text-align: center;">(Local Studies collection PF 538) </div><p style="text-align: center;">"<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166105576" target="_blank">OBITUARY</a>."</p><p style="text-align: center;">"MR. W. H. BONE."</p><p> "Mr Walter Henry Bone, master printer of Dean’s Place, Sydney, died suddenly at home in Springdale Rd. Killara on Sunday last [15 July 1934]. His father, the late Robert Bone, was a Sydney printer. He was born in Sydney and was educated at the Sydney Grammar School. As a young man he went to Africa in search of adventure and became officer in command of the cavalry of the Sultan of Zanzibar. He had stories to relate of hard fighting, a duel and big-game hunting. On his return to Australia, he became a journalist and was associated with papers at Penrith and Katoomba. </p><p> More than 30 years ago he was a frequent contributor to the Sydney Mail. He wrote and illustrated popular animal and bush stories for children. In bush lore he had remarkable knowledge, and this led to his membership of the Royal Society, the Linnaean Society and Zoological Society. He was an expert swordsman and revolver shot, and an authority on ancient and modern weapons. Much of his spare time was spent at his shooting box ‘Singing Water,’ near Mittagong. At 70 years of age, he was straight, alert, and athletic, with a military bearing. In December last he published “Hoppity, a book of the bush”.</p><p> The funeral took place at the Northern Suburbs Crematorium on Tuesday. The chief mourners were, Mrs Parkinson (daughter), Messrs Clarence Bone (brother), C. and V. Parkinson (grandsons), A. Parkinson (son-in-law), H. Budgett (brother-in-law) and W. Doyle (cousin). Messrs W. H. Bone and Co. were represented by Messrs C. Bailey and W. Cowan, P. Sharpe and D. Farnsworth.</p><p> Others present were Mrs. E. A. Grace and Mrs. Rupert King, Messrs T. W. F. Riley, W. M. and T. Green, R. Sullivan, A. F. Waters and A. Field (Lodge Australia). Mr. R. S. Murray-Prior, W. M., and many brethren ‘Lodge Old Sydneians’. Mr. J. Russell French (president) Schools Club Ltd., Messrs J. C. Close, J. H. Robinson and other members of the Old Sydneians Union and Club. Scott Anderson, H. Stansell, A. Field and Stenhouse (Winchcombe Carson Ltd.), S. Penton (Tooth and Co.), J. Logie and G. Watson (Alexander Moir and Co. Ltd.), G. and C. Watson (W. Neville and Co.), F. J Hook representing Mr. Body, Solicitor’s Admission Board, Thomas Buckland, Bowie Wilson, sen. and jun., W. R. Charlton, editor the Sydney Mail, P. Mullens, J. Le Gay Brereton, C. A. Messmer, Guy Blaxland, J. Russell Jones, A. R. Ducker, G. Herring, E. R. Stow, Alwyn Gorman, George Christie, J. M. Graham, H. G. Meek, H. Dyerson, Karl Mitchell, R. F. Marshall and H. S. Burton.</p><p> Among many beautiful wreaths were those from the Old Sydneians Lodge and Club, Lodge Australia and the Killara Music Club.</p><p> Mrs. Bone is visiting her daughter Mrs. F. Powley in California. Many messages of sympathy were cabled from Sydney." <i>Sydney Morning Herald</i>, Friday 20 July 1934</p><p>A notable presence at the funeral was the writer, John Le Gay Brereton.</p><p>It is probable that Walter Bone did visit Zanzibar in the 1880s; as a correspondent, collector and hunter, and at least partly as soldier of fortune, as he later recorded. His fertile imagination produced unique, and at the time, popular Australian children’s stories, now long forgotten. But he was also deeply skilled as a bushman and his keen observations of the natural world are still relevant to the modern reader.</p><p>John Merriman</p><p>Local Studies Librarian, Blue Mountains Library</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-31634631676000514002022-01-31T12:14:00.001+11:002022-02-08T10:45:06.125+11:00Faulconbridge Lily Pond, The Water Hole<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhGZ4eMzUnvkXxbXzN3Mz_R6o3L3gPUEtRCUuomrcQ8AFueRjFL3T3lG9wH5FyBqkgBFX_hA-yjDFfIu_WGfiytuGEIIUJjw5RbrWl3q42Yfmm0O8KW9RXSxCUw8bjNUFGwHHX2kLiEe2gdkqQ7QbLGMR1RgeR_26WAErj0F3g2KTsFSnfWeiR2NXTV=s1200" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhGZ4eMzUnvkXxbXzN3Mz_R6o3L3gPUEtRCUuomrcQ8AFueRjFL3T3lG9wH5FyBqkgBFX_hA-yjDFfIu_WGfiytuGEIIUJjw5RbrWl3q42Yfmm0O8KW9RXSxCUw8bjNUFGwHHX2kLiEe2gdkqQ7QbLGMR1RgeR_26WAErj0F3g2KTsFSnfWeiR2NXTV=s320" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Lily Pond and quarry 1968</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">Known locally as the Lilly Pond or the Waterhole, and dating from 1864-1865, the pool has local significance as the larger of the two railway quarries near Faulconbridge. It has also aesthetic significance as a pleasing,
if rather damp, reuse of a flooded quarry.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"></p><blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">Springwood FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT. The deviation work at Faulconbridge is
moving apace. The old pond has practically disappeared, also the well-known
waterhole, which was such a boon to travellers. It seems a pity that it was
necessary to destroy this beautiful water supply, another is not made in its
stead. It would appear, however, that in making railroads little heed is given
to the requirements of other travelling. Some few years ago a beautiful hole
of Spring water was destroyed between Linden and Bull's Camp, while making
alterations to the railway. <o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><i>Nepean Times (Penrith, NSW :
1882 - 1962), Saturday 28 May 1910, page 4</i></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">The sawmilling and carrying business of Hall Bros, is offered for sale.
Both plant and biz is solid, and results should be assured, The Commissioners
for Railways have leased the water-hole at Faulconbridge to the Shire Council,
at a yearly rental of £1, plus rates and taxes, the tenancy to be terminable on
one year's notice by the Commissioners.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><i>Blue Mountain Echo (NSW : 1909
- 1928), Friday 22 February 1924, page 6</i> </p></blockquote><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"></p><p> </p><blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">Springwood. Water is being carted
from a water-hole near Faulconbridge, to relieve the shortage locally, Notice
boards are to be erected at the public vehicles stand, in Western Street,
intimating that private vehicles must not be parked there.<o:p></o:p></p><p>
<i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Blue Mountain Echo (NSW : 1909 - 1928), Friday 5
March 1926, page 6</span></i></p></blockquote><p><i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></i></p><p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><i><o:p></o:p></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEivqlpJmA_QTkh3TtHJIZLNfLHVQmCsHiwbTIqIt74nOikYVERaNdwVZZkd78hAJCL5StfVWJK26Fu5oplHkAGBjNkn2MBWco0qiRrFfzpWskkzB9LKzpr30iC1356TFQAjju2x76CP3HIvUZ0zkHu3AOvMmduKfUA3LOl6_56uUnsmnH5zOIgNvJSZ=s2272" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2272" data-original-width="1952" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEivqlpJmA_QTkh3TtHJIZLNfLHVQmCsHiwbTIqIt74nOikYVERaNdwVZZkd78hAJCL5StfVWJK26Fu5oplHkAGBjNkn2MBWco0qiRrFfzpWskkzB9LKzpr30iC1356TFQAjju2x76CP3HIvUZ0zkHu3AOvMmduKfUA3LOl6_56uUnsmnH5zOIgNvJSZ=s320" width="275" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Letter from the Faulconbridge Advancement League in 1950, confirming that Blue Mountains Council will build the fireplace</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><o:p> </o:p><o:p> </o:p>The old quarry is roughly circular, some 30 metres in diameter, with
higher walls to the east supporting the railway line. These walls continue to
the south beside the picnic area, which utilises a flat sandstone shelf and an
area of chronically wet grass. Water-lilies flourish in abundance in the
quarry-pool along with reeds.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhiQ_REFs8iXaIFMV7p9ZHKwdaozSVNTnEKYqv3p80k3z6WcNsAHZcnxOtKUjKMTB4aPy7ukj2y8SQ32YfDOEAON3KfF5_KMv9F6vIqnjBIY9QtmyrkL82VO69kFff9Xw8-zOW-tQLGMMG4UvINVc-AUvdNAl62jZ3q-WUJyLkdP4jJ76Vouqqe2ack=s1800" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1800" data-original-width="1800" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhiQ_REFs8iXaIFMV7p9ZHKwdaozSVNTnEKYqv3p80k3z6WcNsAHZcnxOtKUjKMTB4aPy7ukj2y8SQ32YfDOEAON3KfF5_KMv9F6vIqnjBIY9QtmyrkL82VO69kFff9Xw8-zOW-tQLGMMG4UvINVc-AUvdNAl62jZ3q-WUJyLkdP4jJ76Vouqqe2ack=s320" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The water lilies in flower 1968</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><o:p> </o:p>As a result of the widening of the Great Western Highway, the former
quarry is now immediately adjacent to the highway. Steel safety fencing has
been erected along the western (highway) side of the pool. There is a concrete
pipe upright and slab and roof picnic shelter on the southern side.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span>Water lilies flourish in the quarry-pool along with reeds and contrast in
an aesthetically pleasing manner with the sharp, quarried and natural rock
sides of the pond on its northern and eastern sides. Naturally twisted trees of
a picturesque form grow on the shallow soil on top of the rock on the northern
side of the pond. This is a visually tranquil spot beside the very busy
highway.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span>The picnic reserve also contains a memorial plaque to indigenous
volunteer bushfire fighter Claude Cooper who died on the 3rd December 1957
while fighting fires in the Blue Mountains.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg2NTDYsYLt2rFZ5LKcxxuFwQUiT_lJzxTdoXIEeKm8BU_CKzpBChhUCT0AnD6mxHufTAscL4Shsrc5KAM8R1aOs1SrCk6ww1XTvOksUExagehEE_bZLUMtLSNEavrdaFSvY8eMRBJP-du1VAq56ZUEhC6MQjbV4WQ1Un7Y6XpYlJQAveGp8DQSMhb3=s3607" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2866" data-original-width="3607" height="254" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg2NTDYsYLt2rFZ5LKcxxuFwQUiT_lJzxTdoXIEeKm8BU_CKzpBChhUCT0AnD6mxHufTAscL4Shsrc5KAM8R1aOs1SrCk6ww1XTvOksUExagehEE_bZLUMtLSNEavrdaFSvY8eMRBJP-du1VAq56ZUEhC6MQjbV4WQ1Un7Y6XpYlJQAveGp8DQSMhb3=s320" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">RAH Smith's Water Hole Garage 1950s</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">In the 1950s RAH Smith operated the Water Hole garage opposite. In later years this incorporated a book barn and mixed business.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh3YOC-eD3e3utIemH-nTOeqGjsCAgNVinWyYFLexFcWn3kzWBLxGxd3Su1u3pR2FsRoIOr787bGAvKcpNpGppT5pxDyMayimtHEpjXID8u6DCQXyYXARaHHfIIW-vAw4miCJFTz8-IqMRGe-3v5bjtBC8hV7UdD5wQ97aBoVkjSk1jVIwmSv7V5etA=s3072" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1855" data-original-width="3072" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh3YOC-eD3e3utIemH-nTOeqGjsCAgNVinWyYFLexFcWn3kzWBLxGxd3Su1u3pR2FsRoIOr787bGAvKcpNpGppT5pxDyMayimtHEpjXID8u6DCQXyYXARaHHfIIW-vAw4miCJFTz8-IqMRGe-3v5bjtBC8hV7UdD5wQ97aBoVkjSk1jVIwmSv7V5etA=s320" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Bookmark and mixed business 1968<br /><br /><br /></td></tr></tbody></table>The garage and shop site was resumed for highway widening in the 1990s. The Waterhole and its lilies, once a popular picnic and rest stop, is now largely neglected next to the busy highway, with no turning lane to safely enter and exit the speeding traffic.<div><br /></div><div>John Merriman</div><div>Local Studies Librarian</div><div><br /></div><div>All images from the Local Studies collection, Blue Mountains Library<br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div>Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-61539292911435124902021-08-30T11:37:00.002+10:002021-08-31T11:12:35.133+10:00Katoomba Town Clock<p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjUEW4wEe5GzcS4hQckk87_bGQgavw1b6eyDmk6GubkJXp2mzPuPWs2wqtUhm0kCIEa2OJjuwpuDIno_UoPugyPFVGkgyoMEbhdcdepTH6zA6HCA779hRWUMx7ZijdCNmH5qTzXtIPG2E/s1764/32458468053_736ec35657_o.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1176" data-original-width="1764" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjUEW4wEe5GzcS4hQckk87_bGQgavw1b6eyDmk6GubkJXp2mzPuPWs2wqtUhm0kCIEa2OJjuwpuDIno_UoPugyPFVGkgyoMEbhdcdepTH6zA6HCA779hRWUMx7ZijdCNmH5qTzXtIPG2E/s320/32458468053_736ec35657_o.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face="Lato, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;">The original Rotary Town Clock and arch with marching girls <br />and band during the Woolfiesta parade, April 1963</span><br style="text-align: left;" /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Beginning in 12th century Europe, towns
and monasteries built clocks in high towers to strike bells to call the
community to prayer. Public clocks played an important timekeeping role in
daily life until the 20th century, when accurate watches became affordable.
Today the time keeping functions of town clocks are no longer </span>necessary<span style="font-size: 12pt;">, and
they are mainly built and preserved for traditional, decorative, and artistic
reasons.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Blue Mountains City Council had originally
intended that a town clock be incorporated into the superstructure of a
proposed rail overbridge to replace the level crossing at Katoomba, but as this
did not seem to be a project likely to be implemented within the near future, the Rotary Club of Katoomba wrote to the Council early in 1956
offering to provide a clock for public benefit, if the Council would
arrange a suitable structure.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Katoomba Rotary had been looking for a project to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the charting of
the Katoomba Club. Local architect Gerald Corne, brother of Les Corne,
president of the club in 1955 - 56 and later a mayor of the City, was invited
to draw up plans featuring two boomerangs in the supporting arch with the
Rotary wheel to frame the clock.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Council thanked the Club for its offer and made enquiries to various towns, including Cronulla, in order to
ascertain a suitable place for such a public clock, with the idea then of
conferring with the Club as to the siting of this amenity.</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The
intersection of Katoomba and Main Streets was suggested, also the Carrington
Bus Shelter Shed as it was then. Rotary favoured this latter position as the most suitable.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">At the time Alderman Hand said that a
public clock had been erected at Cronulla, sited on the
Commonwealth Bank building, but this had been provided by the Bank itself, and
he thought that some other premises might be suitable in Katoomba. Following the
Council's investigations and various conferences with the Rotary Club, it was agreed in
August 1957 that the Council would provide and finance the cost of a supporting
arch, opposite the Carrington, to an amount not exceeding £1,000 ($2,000) and
the cost of the provision of the clock would be borne by the Club which would
also supply the plans drawn by up Gerald Corne. It was agreed that Rotary would
provide the clock at an estimated cost of </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">£250.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tenders were invited for construction of the
arch with all of the work to be carried out by Council staff, as well as the
purchase of the clock, the total cost being </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">£</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1,177 ($2,354). These costs were made
known to the Rotary Club which then decided, without any request from the
Council, that it would bear the whole of the costs involved so that the Council
would not incur any expenditure and the project would stand as a gift to the people of the area, although the Club was not able to forward a
cheque immediately for the whole amount incurred.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyTXPUohwSAx_LiJeZ01uNiVkYaPjSSiLDK7gdKF9LuByhyphenhyphenf9gPVQa6YQ0yakFlCUMm5xh0_jbAd3IMzKIySmMcpJE38k_064WIFW3_8MPUxmX0a0SXTeYjqdlq3JI2vOwWKXHxw9me1c/s2048/img104.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1429" data-original-width="2048" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyTXPUohwSAx_LiJeZ01uNiVkYaPjSSiLDK7gdKF9LuByhyphenhyphenf9gPVQa6YQ0yakFlCUMm5xh0_jbAd3IMzKIySmMcpJE38k_064WIFW3_8MPUxmX0a0SXTeYjqdlq3JI2vOwWKXHxw9me1c/s320/img104.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Town Clock design blueprint, Gerald Corne</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">In
October 1956 the preliminary plans had been submitted to the club by Gerald Corne,
</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">an</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d
ways and means of financing the purchase of the clock were discussed. A series of
barbecues held in Megalong Valley by Harry Hammon and his committee</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> were continued to raise funds for the
clock. The Caledonian Society, a dedicated group who regularly held dances at
the California Guest house in aid of local charities and good causes, agreed to
run a dance for the town clock project, subsequently handing a cheque for </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">£20
to the Rotary Club through their president, Mr. Sid Mavris. A fashion parade
held in conjunction with the Quota club of Katoomba, put on by Jack and Marj Scott,
resulted in Rotary's share of £31 being added to the fund.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">However,
the need for a more positive source of funding was apparent. A suggestion from
club president Stan Jefferies to run a monster art union with television set, a
rarity in those days, as the prize, met with some opposition from members at first,
but Stan with the tenacity of a bull-dog, or rather, insurance man, at last won
the consent of the club and necessary steps were made to implement the plan. Permission
was obtained from the Chief Secretary's department and 2/- tickets were printed
and ready for selling in January 1957, quite a sum of money in those days.</span></p>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0OlDF9WubsWAXx6EmTxzsiBMfHFJODHGWjfrqdfIlV4AuWuevZRwJLj0CBHtVDCVj9wx3Bct5qeBS09E8J8Dzl9Nn8OOgtar81Jbt-j5pxztQbLR0UY6Q3yX6ruzIKsymiVHbIQEX3bA/s2048/ss+14-44+ed+crop++.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1365" data-original-width="2048" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0OlDF9WubsWAXx6EmTxzsiBMfHFJODHGWjfrqdfIlV4AuWuevZRwJLj0CBHtVDCVj9wx3Bct5qeBS09E8J8Dzl9Nn8OOgtar81Jbt-j5pxztQbLR0UY6Q3yX6ruzIKsymiVHbIQEX3bA/s320/ss+14-44+ed+crop++.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face="Lato, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; text-align: start;">Town Clock Art Union poster in shop window, <br />Astor Furniture Katoomba Street</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Early in February 1957 the sketches of the
proposed town clock and archway prepared by Gerald Corne were on display. By
the end of February, Council had approved the design and voted to spend </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">£1,000
on the arch, £100 of which was to come from the North Katoomba-Leura Town Improvement
Loan fund; however the Katoomba Rotarians were unanimous in their decision to
pay for the supporting arch as well as the clock. Finance having been obtained
from the Commercial Bank of Australia in Main Street, an order was given to Mr.
Ralph Symonds, a Sydney manufacturer, to fabricate the arch and supply the
clock. In return for the order, Mr. Symonds agreed to supply the clock for £100
less than the original estimated price of £250, a gesture greatly appreciated
by the Rotarians.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">The added responsibility of paying for the
arch as well as the clock emphasised the need for a more concerted effort in
raising funds. Sale of</span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">tickets in the Art Union had slowed down in the
town, with secretary Jack Scott continually urging members to greater efforts. It
was felt that saturation point had been reached in the town and consent to explore
wider areas was sought. This resulted in the selling of tickets at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_of_the_River_(New_South_Wales)" target="_blank">G.P.S. rowing regatta</a> on the Nepean River at Penrith as well as at Central station in Sydney;
in fact, anywhere a gathering of people suggested a possible vantage point.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Even with these added selling points, the
art union was lagging and President Stan came up with tile bright idea of
enlisting the help of a chirpy little old lady of over eighty years, Mrs. Robey
by name, to sell tickets on a commission basis. It was Mrs Robey's proud boast
that she was the best ticket seller on the mountains, so every day she was
picked up from her home near Catalina Park by a Rotarian and comfortably set up
with table and chair near the Katoomba Post Office on fine days, and quite
undeterred would move under the shop awnings on wet days, and sell-tickets she
did. Mrs Robey also sang in St. Hilda's Church Choir at the ripe old age of
ninety.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Permission to hold a street stall was
obtained and this was the first Rotary street stall held on Easter Saturday</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">.
The wives of Rotarians, known as Rotariannes, assisted in stocking and operating
the stall. Generous prizes were donated by Rotary members – providore, Charlie Colless
gave a duck (very topical at Easter); master painter, Jim Crane promised
sufficient paint of the winner's choice to paint the exterior of a house; a Stainless steel sink from Bert Lambert’s Hardware; 40 gallons of petrol from
fuel agent Len Hansby and two cases of apples from shopkeeper Reg Bartle. Rotariannes
worked hard preparing saleable goods, this was before the advent of the inner
wheel club of Katoomba, and the stall was a great success adding £78 to the Town
Clock fund, with some competitions still to be completed. W</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ith the date of the unveiling and handing
over of the clock set as May 25th 1957, time was the essence and Easter Saturday
with the holiday crowds seemed a most propitious morning.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGJ0I68mVJtPRdidNfpxo5kgUW1p5oWsENn9PJaVPDHNG8VWruy_2bOJOUjx5DQGAtfqa5pDRm-4Pt-XyDmjoteMYqzNaVGgewStLmE_AmLWYdHgiEZHHfs63B9mpXf9iuQwQMfndNujo/s2588/kat+town+clock+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1215" data-original-width="2588" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGJ0I68mVJtPRdidNfpxo5kgUW1p5oWsENn9PJaVPDHNG8VWruy_2bOJOUjx5DQGAtfqa5pDRm-4Pt-XyDmjoteMYqzNaVGgewStLmE_AmLWYdHgiEZHHfs63B9mpXf9iuQwQMfndNujo/s320/kat+town+clock+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Katoomba Town Clock showing the Rotary motto <br />Service Above Self</td></tr></tbody></table></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">With the Rotary Town Clock safely
suspended from the arch spanning the crest of Katoomba Street, much to the
delight and pride of Rotarians and townspeople alike, the unveiling and handing
over took place at 4.00<i> </i>p.m. on Saturday, May 25th 1957. With pardonable
pomp and ceremony the unveiling was performed by </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">past
first vice-president of Rotary International, Ollie Oberg, his worship the
Mayor, A</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ub Murphy
accepted the clock and archway on behalf of the citizens of Katoomba and the</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
City Council. The approximate cost of the archway and clock at the time of unveiling
was given as £1200.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCdLBBjQBLYiKisRmaORxmdHZJvSTf1jY-30XeDDwCMP4_7nn1HX5cWbrH6_z0naEEDldc-yDpu6NY2ZP77R2BcnnfY4UFELkeR6MeXy-WqfRLbQpU3T0vyExKm-v1Z6-FdPrZiuz3Ils/s2048/img103.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1646" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCdLBBjQBLYiKisRmaORxmdHZJvSTf1jY-30XeDDwCMP4_7nn1HX5cWbrH6_z0naEEDldc-yDpu6NY2ZP77R2BcnnfY4UFELkeR6MeXy-WqfRLbQpU3T0vyExKm-v1Z6-FdPrZiuz3Ils/s320/img103.jpg" width="257" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Rotary plaque</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Following the unveiling ceremony a
cocktail party was held in the Carrington Hotel. In the evening a combined
meeting of Penrith, Windsor, Lithgow, Blackheath and Katoomba clubs was held at
the Palais Royal, Katoomba Street, then run as a very superior guest house by Sid
and Rene March, later the site of the Bible Colle</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ge
and now a motel. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Notable
guests at the dinner were the Mayor and Mayoress, Ald. and Mrs. Aub Murphy, the
Honourable A.S. Luchetti, federal member, and Mrs. Luchetti, Mr. Jim Robson, M.L.A.,
Rotarian Ollie Oberg and Mrs. Oberg, past governor Seymour Shaw; and two Rotary
foundation fellows, Bill Knick and Bob Sims from Africa who were guest speakers.
A large number of Rotarians and wives from the five clubs, together w</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ith
representatives of many local organisations made the night a wonderful success
and worthy </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">extension
of Katoomba Rotary’s historic day.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">The entire finance for the Town Clock
project had not been raised at the time of the unveiling, so permission was
sought for a four weeks' extension of the monster art union. The clock was the largest
project carried out by the Rotary Club of Katoomba to that date. A parody of "Underneath
the Arches" composed by Stan and Georgie Jefferies was printed on the programme.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></span><u><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Underneath the Town Clock</span></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Underneath the Town Clock our fellowship
is fine,</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">By the Rotary Town clock we'll always know
the time,</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Every Rotary fellow and Rotarianne.</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Happy when the funds are increasing, the T.V.
set is drawn</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Service when it's raining; service when it's
fine</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">The arch spanning high above,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Tickets in our <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">pockets no matter where we stray, <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">For
our Rotary Town Clock we’ll work until it’s paid.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">The
<a href="https://youtu.be/q7HoMWuXCY4" target="_blank">Flannagan and Allen version</a> and the Jefferies’ version were sung with great
gusto.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unfortunately
the archway did not stand the test of time and Mountains weather. In 1967
Council staff identified deterioration of the aluminium cladding and internal structure
of the arch as a hazard and removed it, not without protests in the press.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Give
Us Back Our Clock!<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Katoomba’s
clock, main landmark in the shopping area, disappeared like a thief in the
night.</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">But it was not stolen. It was chopped down
in a hurry because it had been found to be dangerous.</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Blue Mountains City Council had called tenders for its removal
because reports said the supports were decaying. <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">However when a would-be tenderer examined the pylons, he found one was
so badly rotted away that he recommended instant removal.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Distinctive
and useful<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Heeding that advice, Council arranged for its removal by its own staff
in the dead of night – or at least the very early hours of the morning – when
traffic was lightest. However residents are complaining that they miss the
clock.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Apparently it was erected at the behest of the Katoomba Rotary Club many
years ago.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">S</span>traddling Katoomba Street, at the top of the hill, the clock was not
only a distinctive land mark, but it was a useful time piece.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">T</span>hose hurrying for a train always knew whether they had to put in an
extra sprint or could ease up for a breather.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Service
clubs could help<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The ‘Blue Mountains Advertiser’ has
received many complaints about its removal and requests for its reinstatement.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If Rotary, Lions, Apex and Quota – all service clubs with an interest in
the town’s progress are not interested individually, perhaps they will combine
to restore the clock; or would the new Katoomba Chamber of Commerce take an
interest?<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">But the cry still is, ‘Give us back our clock.”<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Blue Mountains Advertiser, June 29, 1967. <i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">In
October 1967 Council called for tenders to supply and erect a steel open web
arch with brick work at the base, to a design by G. Sadler and P. Burn.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">A local company, A. Grimly of Valley Heights,
was successful in gaining the contract at a cost of $900.00</span></p>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimdSChLeyzbvwaaefRb2ehuAGQYZru5E95GXPp9aY7aAWje3cIxuHNuqyjPq7DOfocEPYEYo_aAyQgfnwhPHU8If5UDvhtGJTn9NxBxyXbm2pSp-FL7qw7g-barqoVAU2JMlOqXXqfuxo/s2048/img098.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1096" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimdSChLeyzbvwaaefRb2ehuAGQYZru5E95GXPp9aY7aAWje3cIxuHNuqyjPq7DOfocEPYEYo_aAyQgfnwhPHU8If5UDvhtGJTn9NxBxyXbm2pSp-FL7qw7g-barqoVAU2JMlOqXXqfuxo/s320/img098.jpg" width="171" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face="Lato, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; text-align: start;">Blue Mountains Advertiser, August 3, 1967</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Rotary
had written to Council in November regretting that it would be unable to cover
the full cost of $295 to affix the Rotary emblem to the arch. Time was pressing
and Council's Chief Electrical Engineer advised that the clock makers need the go-ahead
by the end of the month, to avoid the Christmas shut-down delaying delivery
until February. The stumbling block seemed to be the Rotary emblem plaque; it
was Alderman Thelma Murphy who got the ball rolling.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">QUESTION WITHOUT NOTICE<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">MINUTE NO. 1708<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">ALDERMAN T. MURPHY:<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">66/286/2400, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Erection of Clock on Arch, Katoomba Street,
Katoomba.<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A motion was moved by Aldermen Murphy and Lloyd
that the clock be erected as quickly as possible and that the Rotary plaque be
placed in position.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">An amendment was moved by Aldermen James and
Stuart that Council accept the offer of 50% of the cost of the Rotary emblem
from the Rotary Club and that Council meet the balance of the cost.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">On being put to the meeting, the amendment was
lost and the motion as moved by Aldermen Murphy and Lloyd was carried.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">In reply to a question by Alderman Anderson, the
Mayor advised that the plaque would be placed in a suitable position on the
clock arch and would record the history of the first clock, Alderman Lloyd
asked that the Rotary insignia be included on the plaque.</span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">(Council minutes)</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">The
new arch work was completed in July 1968 at the tender cost of $900. Subsequently
a new remote control clock was installed at a cost of $1,165.00. Katoomba finally
had its clock back. In 1975 Council's Town Planning Department advised that the
structure was not aesthetically pleasing and an alternative location and design
be examined. Nothing appears to have emerged from this proposal. There is
another Blue Mountains town clock located in the shopping centre in Wentworth
Falls but that is another story.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></span><u style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">References:</u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">* Tower
clocks - </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turret_clock"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turret_clock</span></a><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">* Blue
Mountains Local Studies vertical file - Katoomba Town Clock<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">* 'The
Rotary Town Clock', presentation by Mrs Georgie Jefferies to Katoomba Rotary
Club meeting, 5 March 1984.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">All
images from the Local Studies collection</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">John
Merriman, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Local
Studies Librarian</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-57663048615877886382021-03-03T12:08:00.002+11:002021-03-03T12:33:59.111+11:00The Blue Mountains and the Ashes<p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYVadXkG17vz3RNLdZyrTlka8Ne5Kd16ZSYXcw4FgsdVDKqORgtwWxoAZFCvU1QvbO2HORUGifrht5fbDYPNjpTGwtWQlkPDpfmBZTCgQ29ZX20mVaTpT3fj-iC74bSVJ3MsyroD9GrcE/s2048/ashes+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1443" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYVadXkG17vz3RNLdZyrTlka8Ne5Kd16ZSYXcw4FgsdVDKqORgtwWxoAZFCvU1QvbO2HORUGifrht5fbDYPNjpTGwtWQlkPDpfmBZTCgQ29ZX20mVaTpT3fj-iC74bSVJ3MsyroD9GrcE/s320/ashes+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Ashes urn and the 1883 embroidered bag</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p class="MsoNormal">The cricket season now drawing to a close has marked for
cricket fans the 100 year point since the legendary "Ashes" were
created amid the excitement and enthusiasm of those "golden years" of
cricket at the end of the nineteenth century.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">It is perhaps of some interest for those of us who live in
the Blue Mountains to know that our region has had some connection with a
number of the people who helped shape the early contours of the story a century
ago.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">When, on that sultry and overcast August day, in 1882,
players came onto The Oval at 12 noon, probably none of the 20,000 spectators
expected the events they were about to witness.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The strong Australian bowling combination was not
anticipated and, led by "The Demon" Spofforth,<span style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">proceeded to wreak havoc on the
English batsmen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
colonials' victory by seven runs was the first Test win on English soil and the
humiliation was widely felt.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The famous
mock</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.05pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">obituary appearing in print shortly after the
match announced the death and cremation of English cricket with the imaginary
ashes to be</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">taken to Australia.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj455vuLMufAHqhopSsBF-eJz5-f5qypnxjQU5pLdQgL7-UJ03Lg0LOr_jb2l7jdBCjzC2Y4DdXYAHPO771FU1ClcGjQ1W_ymiNDT7UdhzmsGRPBbHgsWt-JOlmGVLxQzSNIvIKAEeLITw/s1812/tom+garett+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1812" data-original-width="1220" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj455vuLMufAHqhopSsBF-eJz5-f5qypnxjQU5pLdQgL7-UJ03Lg0LOr_jb2l7jdBCjzC2Y4DdXYAHPO771FU1ClcGjQ1W_ymiNDT7UdhzmsGRPBbHgsWt-JOlmGVLxQzSNIvIKAEeLITw/s320/tom+garett+ed+.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">T. W. Garrett as a young man</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Part of
that famous bowling combination was a young right-arm medium pace bowler named
Thomas</span><span lang="EN-US" style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US">William Garrett who, five years before, had
played in the very first Test in Melbourne at the age of 18.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Garrett had
a distinguished cricket career, touring England three times and playing in 19
Tests for Australia.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">As well as
bowling, he was a fine cover fieldsman and also had some success with the bat,
scoring several first class centuries for NSW.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">During the
1890s he was a successful captain of NSW leading his team to victory in the
Sheffield Shield on two occasions.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Off the
field, he was a solicitor and civil servant and in the early years of this
century, following his retirement from competitive cricket, Garrett and his
family moved out of Sydney to the Blue Mountains where he became a resident of
Springwood,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">He lived
comfortably in "Braemar" and was an active member of the Springwood Progress
Association.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">His
continued contribution to the administration of cricket and his encouragement
of young players like Victor Trumper made him something of a legend in
cricketing circles by the time of his death in 1943.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgegKGDiUOIkbO19l5O6TbltRxslqPUMvl-Bf-HJU2aNJ9Uq1ccuY-qCQk4Qy6GY5-VHuJzFY80AXrzaVeAoXic1CK4h7X_WDfOGXMKWkTU7XnfwmAx6yqApiKvluWKfJ-4AH2TzkWw_Go/s1010/Tom_Garrett_1937.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1010" data-original-width="736" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgegKGDiUOIkbO19l5O6TbltRxslqPUMvl-Bf-HJU2aNJ9Uq1ccuY-qCQk4Qy6GY5-VHuJzFY80AXrzaVeAoXic1CK4h7X_WDfOGXMKWkTU7XnfwmAx6yqApiKvluWKfJ-4AH2TzkWw_Go/s320/Tom_Garrett_1937.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: times;">Cricketer T.W. Garrett, of Sydney, who played in the <br />first Test match between England and Australia. <br />SMH Picture by STAFF</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Following the
defeat of 1882 a team of English cricketers, captained by the aristocrat Ivo
Bligh (Lord Darnley), set out to retrieve the mythical "Ashes" so
unceremoniously transported by the upstart colonials.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">It was
nothing less than a crusade to "resurrect" the honour of English
cricket.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">It was during
this Test series, played in the Australian summer of 1882-1883, that the real
Ashes came into existence.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Again,
persons at one time associated with the</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.15pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Mountains
played a not insignificant part.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Australia
won the first Test in Melbourne and it looked as if the currency lads were going
to do a proper job of trampling on English pride.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Even the
London "Times" could not bring itself to record the defeat and
reversed the result in its report.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.05pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">But the England team rallied and won
the next two matches and hence the series. Honour was restored.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Following
the British victory and before the tourists returned home, their captain was
presented with three things that have become sacred relics in the folklore of<sup>
</sup>Anglo-Australian cricket and are protected with almost religious zeal by
the MCC.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">These were,
some ashes supposedly of one of the Third Test bails, a small pottery urn and
an embroidered red velvet bag.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Of the
three it is the red velvet bag that is of interest to us for its story is
linked with one of the prominent families of early Katoomba.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbKI3gl4lM6xMKDrggAnduHbJiG8h6R4AW0ex4hsFvDd_-qd2sa8MTPoPQt3fiW_YKls2SZyYWhyphenhyphenwblnuOlffKiKTpTgLUH96vqXBPIvIfJnQclnBnURudITkz9aZ674wHQHAGP_JOGnE/s2048/ann+fletcher+pf+148+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1372" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbKI3gl4lM6xMKDrggAnduHbJiG8h6R4AW0ex4hsFvDd_-qd2sa8MTPoPQt3fiW_YKls2SZyYWhyphenhyphenwblnuOlffKiKTpTgLUH96vqXBPIvIfJnQclnBnURudITkz9aZ674wHQHAGP_JOGnE/s320/ann+fletcher+pf+148+ed+.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Anne Fletcher</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The bag was
the gift of Mrs. Ann Fletcher whose husband, John W. Fletcher, was managing a school
in the Sydney suburb of Woollahra at the time of the Test series.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A year
later, in 1884, the Fletchers were to move to Katoomba where they opened The
Katoomba College, a boarding school for boys, in the building that was later</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.3pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">to become the Royal Coffee Palace and then the headquarters of the Blue
Mountains City Council.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqZwBWArCfkTswtLmArI1eHYxAZfEclLRyT5JinA8qpPz5zZ1vd1E5Q6Q8jXhJad61YhTQ7bz7aWJzS90Al2LGBC9u_rR-gmjnXwonrMn2YH9vptubqrjGRQQg4BQJruDWYKWLeTT2414/s2048/pf+146+ed+3+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1365" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqZwBWArCfkTswtLmArI1eHYxAZfEclLRyT5JinA8qpPz5zZ1vd1E5Q6Q8jXhJad61YhTQ7bz7aWJzS90Al2LGBC9u_rR-gmjnXwonrMn2YH9vptubqrjGRQQg4BQJruDWYKWLeTT2414/s320/pf+146+ed+3+.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">John W. Fletcher</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
Fletchers were active in Katoomba life and affairs throughout the 1880s until
the depression of the early 1890s forced the school's closure in 1893.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The name of
the building was changed to The Priory and Mrs. Fletcher ran it as a boarding
house until 1896 when the family returned to Sydney.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRnLERF5ltRFyDqs_Lf93IrUog4XV_BP2u_bKznP9XGLc7veVpUvhGqVXQfQQ729s26uAy0fXDOwwrUWQ54nQanh_YgiA-AY-dfVfnaz4P-Blrm-xWXCvrNgqETgM2P9tffY89myQRAmo/s2048/pf121+ed+2+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1518" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRnLERF5ltRFyDqs_Lf93IrUog4XV_BP2u_bKznP9XGLc7veVpUvhGqVXQfQQ729s26uAy0fXDOwwrUWQ54nQanh_YgiA-AY-dfVfnaz4P-Blrm-xWXCvrNgqETgM2P9tffY89myQRAmo/s320/pf121+ed+2+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Royal Coffee Palace, Katoomba </td></tr></tbody></table><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Sport was a
strong interest in the Fletcher family. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Mr.
Fletcher played most games well, and in the case of soccer and golf, was
prominent in establishing these sports in Australia.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
Fletchers' eldest son, John William, played cricket for Paddington with Victor
Trumper and later represented Queensland in 1909-10.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A close
friend of the family was the Yorkshire born watercolourist William Blamire
Young.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">It is quite
possible that he was the designer of the embroidery that decorates the velvet
bag as he often created designs for Mrs. Fletcher to work upon.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.2pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">He, too, was a resident of Katoomba in the 1880s being appointed
assistant master at The Katoomba College in 1885.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A letter
from Ivo Bligh thanking Mrs. Fletcher for her gift is housed with the other relics
at Lords.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Before the
tourists set sail with their recovered treasure they played a further match</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; letter-spacing: 0.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">against a full strength Australian team in Sydney during February 1883.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Tom
Garrett, who had taken only three wickets and scored only 16 runs (three ducks)
in the previous three Tests, was dropped and into the team came Edwin Evans, an
accurate round arm spin bowler from NSW.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">In 1877 he
had starred for NSW taking 5 for 94 against James Lillywhite's English
professionals.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">He also had
the reputation of being an above average tail-end batsmen and he later toured
England with the Australians in 1886.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Evans is
the final link between these events surrounding the creation of the Ashes and
the Mountains.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">His father,
James Evans, was the first licensee of the Pilgrim Inn at Blaxland (1830).</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">After first
leasing the property, he purchased it in 1833 and then re-sold it toward the
end of the decade.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Moving into
farming on the Nepean the large family became well known and respected in the
district.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
Australians were successful in this last match but, with the Ashes safely in
their keeping, Bligh's team set sail again for England.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Despite
Australia's many victories since, the Ashes themselves have never returned.
Such is life.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><o:p> *****</o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Author:<b> </b></span><span lang="EN-US">John Low, first published Blue
Mountains Gazette 16 Feb 1983</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Editor:
John Merriman, Local Studies Librarian <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>Images from the Local Studies collection unless otherwise stated</o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-column-break-before: always; mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-8551714726915290722020-09-21T10:13:00.017+10:002020-12-09T10:53:14.579+11:00Death of a horse-breaker at Medlow Bath - Alfred Hermann FISCHER (c.1896-1917)<p> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsgOQw35jWG-sn-gP-PboPgDkX9C-Zu4VLV8wwn03SXXkZx11I6b9GLPEud0UnW81yAPzXMnww3PyzRdFeG2kcXTKmFz4WUoV8DaidDoyztb_Y5HU67nHcwvjEbnIvB2T1VPUS3GUMK90/s425/fischer+at+naa+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="425" data-original-width="384" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsgOQw35jWG-sn-gP-PboPgDkX9C-Zu4VLV8wwn03SXXkZx11I6b9GLPEud0UnW81yAPzXMnww3PyzRdFeG2kcXTKmFz4WUoV8DaidDoyztb_Y5HU67nHcwvjEbnIvB2T1VPUS3GUMK90/s320/fischer+at+naa+.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Alfred Fischer, Internment Camp photo <br />National Archives of Australia (NAA D3507 1507)</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p class="MsoNormal">It is the early hours of Saturday 1<sup>st</sup> December
1917, the overnight passenger train from the Central West township of Orange is
steaming through the night on its way to Sydney. On board two men sit silently in
a locked third class compartment. One man wearing civilian clothing lies
back on the hard seat trying to sleep amid the constant rocking and clattering of wheels on
the iron rails. On his wrists he wears a pair of steel handcuffs. The other man, his
guard and escort, wears a khaki military uniform with a
corporal’s single chevron, and also dozes fitfully. The guard's name is Brown. The man in the handcuffs is
Alfred Hermann Fischer, who along with many of his countrymen and women had
immigrated from Germany seeking a new life and new opportunities, dreams now
cut short by the momentous events in far-away Europe, where men fight and die
over a foot of mud. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">By 1914 over 100,000 Germans were <u><a href="https://www.sbs.com.au/news/german-australians-suffered-enemy-heritage-persecution-during-war-historian">living</a></u> in
Australia, comprising around 2% of the population of five million. They were a
well-established and generally well-liked community. However with the rising
tension between the British and German Empires this began to change and
German-Australian communities throughout the country found themselves the
subject of suspicion and animosity. When war broke out in August 1914 that
changed to outright hostility. Australia was rife with war fever and ordinary
citizens were keen for ways to get involved, to ‘do their bit’. The sinking of
the German light Cruiser <i>SMS Emden</i> by the Australian light
cruiser <i>HMAS Sydney</i> in the Cocos Islands was one of
Australia’s first actions of the war and excited the nation. The event created
hysteria about possible German naval attack, immediately establishing cultural
and national divisions within the community.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Within a week of the declaration of war, German and
Austro-Hungarian residents of Australia were forced to register with the
police. A fear of possible German-Australian 'conflicted loyalties' led to
several regulations under the <i>War Precautions Act 1914</i>, such as
forbidding German-Australians to leave Australia or send money overseas. These
immigrants, naturalised subjects and German-speaking Australian-born, rapidly
moved in the Australian consciousness from 'our Germans' to <u><a href="https://tols.peo.gov.au/parliament-and-the-war/enemy-aliens">'enemy
aliens</a></u>'.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">It is now 3.00 am by the platform clock as the train pulls
out of Mt Victoria station at the top of the Blue Mountains range west of
Sydney. Alfred Fischer quietly sits up, opens his eyes and checks the station
name. He massages his wrists where the handcuffs have dug into the flesh, not
long now. At 22 years of age he is a small, quiet man, just 5’6” in height with
brown hair, now dishevelled, and calm grey eyes. Beneath his shirt, his arms
and chest are covered in tattoos that celebrate his life as a sailor, horse
breaker and stockman. On his <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">right
forearm appears a girl's head above a horseshoe, on his left forearm a bucking
horse in a stockyard, on his chest a cowboy with a stockwhip and another
bucking bronco. On his face a heavy scar runs down the left side where it cuts deep into the cheek
bone: a memento of the stockyards and the wild bush horses.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Fischer had left his old life as a sailor and drifted up into Queensland looking for work, where he met up with a fellow German, Ernst Kuhlmann who was only a year older than
himself. Both men soon gained the skills of stockman
and station hands, well known for their horse breaking among the outback
cattlemen and horse breeders. They were sober and industrious, they saved money
and things were looking good for the future. Until that fateful day the police
called and rounded them up with other German nationals, to be sent down south where
they joined over 5,000 of their countrymen in the sprawling, crowded internment camp at
Holsworthy military base, near Liverpool in south-western Sydney.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As the Great War progressed and propaganda about the <u><a href="mailto:https://tols.peo.gov.au/parliament-and-the-war/enemy-aliens">‘Hun’
German</a></u> continued, the pressures on German-Australians increased. Many
lost their jobs or found their communities no longer safe. Internment without
charge or trial was implemented around the Country. By 1918 nearly 7,000 men,
women and children had been interned in concentration camps by the Federal
Government. <o:p></o:p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqLOVPei_gtGL-iwU-g1VXG4gwzCQAey_JsEG8lIoHwCbK0OCQ0If4hwfn8XOBLY1cInQg02NbRxus_cnELGJcMFa4Algc9xTSAe4hh3HVrJB7X3VdK7a8yr66-QqG5xoeqvkff_x_DIo/s1800/police+gazette+crop+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1800" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqLOVPei_gtGL-iwU-g1VXG4gwzCQAey_JsEG8lIoHwCbK0OCQ0If4hwfn8XOBLY1cInQg02NbRxus_cnELGJcMFa4Algc9xTSAe4hh3HVrJB7X3VdK7a8yr66-QqG5xoeqvkff_x_DIo/s320/police+gazette+crop+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Police Gazette notice, 21 November 1917 (Ancestry)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal">It was from Holsworthy, while assigned to a work party
outside the camp, that Fischer and Kuhlmann had made a daring bid for freedom
two weeks earlier. They made their way over 240 km to the country town of Orange
where they hoped to find work on local farms and escape notice from the
authorities. But Alfred could not stay hidden for long and was soon victim of
an informer. Out of desperation he offered his gold signet ring to Constable
Frazer the arresting officer, to let him go free. But the copper stood firm,
Fischer was a prize and promotion could follow.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Alfred leans forward in his seat and clears his throat, it
is time. “Kaporal, sir, I am needing the lavatory, most urgent, please you help me,
yes?” Brown comes fully awake and curses quietly, “Alright now, I suppose
you’ll be wantin’ the cuffs off, but mind you, I’ll be waitin’ outside, no
tricks d’you hear me?” He quickly releases Alfred’s handcuffs, then unlocks the
door of the compartment and the pair shuffle down the darkened corridor to the Gents
at the end of the rocking carriage. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The minutes tick by as the train speeds downhill towards
the small village of Medlow Bath, dominated by the new grand hotel <u><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydro_Majestic_Hotel">Hydro Majestic</a></u><span lang="EN-US"> </span>established by society notable, yachtsman and department
store owner <u><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Foy_(businessman)">Mark
Foy</a></u>. Then come the sounds of rising panic in the corridor, Brown is shouting
and swearing and banging on the toilet door, whistles blow, heavy boots thump
through the carriage; all to be drowned out by the roar of the passing west-bound
goods train, rattling and buffeting the carriage windows in the night. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In the light of early dawn a group of railway fettlers find the
broken body of a man lying on the rails just outside Medlow Bath station. The police
and the undertaker are summoned from the nearby township of Katoomba and the plain
wooden coffin is conveyed by cart to the police lockup at the <u><a href="mailto:https://bluemlocalstudies.wordpress.com/2016/01/19/katoomba-court-house/">courthouse</a></u>,
where the local G.P., Dr Alex Allen makes his examination. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The coroner brings down a verdict of ‘shock the result of
injuries accidentally received through jumping from a train whilst endeavouring
to escape from military custody’. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The burial at Katoomba cemetery on Monday 3<sup>rd</sup>
December is a simple affair with no minister present. The undertaker records
the place of death as ‘Killed on Railway Medlow Bath NSW’ and the informant as
‘Katoomba Police’. <span style="color: #222222;">In December 1918, the authorities in Berlin issue an official German death certificate, on it the words ‘Medlow in Australier’ and the death date ‘1 Dez 1917’ can be read. The informant was his mother who reported that her son, a sailor and bachelor, 21 years of age of unknown religion, a resident of Dresden, was found dead in the region near Medlow Bath in Australia, hour of death unknown. </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhidDw93D1f9GpfNhTsCBpTSbJDBIbAQmWRrdTw-zJh-LAYwSLX1fng8LdKqgeexlYKJ5TNFReHj2cFen-6oBODR97mGGYd6ZbHwcfhf5rknXhQvmuudRYew0Aq7rzmjYCGfqGtSbT-N9Q/s2048/41909_prep803_000083-00410.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1314" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhidDw93D1f9GpfNhTsCBpTSbJDBIbAQmWRrdTw-zJh-LAYwSLX1fng8LdKqgeexlYKJ5TNFReHj2cFen-6oBODR97mGGYd6ZbHwcfhf5rknXhQvmuudRYew0Aq7rzmjYCGfqGtSbT-N9Q/s320/41909_prep803_000083-00410.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">German death certificate (Ancestry)</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br /> </span>And there he lay as the decades passed, the moss-covered
grave unmarked and soon forgotten in the bushland cemetery, out past the site
where the foundation stone for the Blue Mountains District ANZAC Memorial <u><a href="mailto:https://bluemlocalstudies.wordpress.com/2019/12/17/blue-mountains-district-anzac-memorial-hospital/">Hospital</a></u>
would be laid in October 1925, under the shade of flowering gum trees, while
above the chattering of parrots and the early morning warbling of magpies.<p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig3J_RyKS75aHqSiKg7WjrQn-Ta0tYFpIdRejO4XHeIiZDYFpXzRLrun1m59-ZwYLPwoWr49DM71iqW4opIH0rvtef2_-4hRrCafvZPWZYiITeCzlA82HPUr5EzPCf5YfjU8zge6uSgkY/s1225/Fischer+Screenshot+%2528202%2529+%2528002%2529.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="450" data-original-width="1225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig3J_RyKS75aHqSiKg7WjrQn-Ta0tYFpIdRejO4XHeIiZDYFpXzRLrun1m59-ZwYLPwoWr49DM71iqW4opIH0rvtef2_-4hRrCafvZPWZYiITeCzlA82HPUr5EzPCf5YfjU8zge6uSgkY/s320/Fischer+Screenshot+%2528202%2529+%2528002%2529.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Graves Registration Certificate (Ancestry)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal">Following the cessation of hostilities at the end of WWII,
the Commonwealth War Graves Commission realised
the need to consolidate the graves of enemy combatants and internees who had
died in Australia and its territories in both World Wars. A site was identified
near the Victorian town of Tatura where there had been a large <u><a href="https://wwiiathome.com.au/tic.html">WWII concentration camp</a></u> for
enemy aliens and POWs. A fine, new, purpose built <u><a href="https://www.ww1cemeteries.com/aus-vic-tatura-german-military-cemetery.html">German
Military Cemetery</a></u> was
established, which is now under the care of the Office of Australian War Graves.
This cemetery contains the graves of 1 Turkish civilian, 190 German civilian internees of the 1914-1918
War and 60 German Army, German Air Force and German civilian internees of the
1939-1945 War.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsnnyXSI4ooUeZpM9mtEukGxocPQfRfH3seiPGCrot_NxJJSpI7UoeCafOdrrqFAj64E1r_K3Fj6Q8g8iaeYgojZk_3zQTlowBkBd3hkqFtRAOcxYf5OpD4ea2CBgZLxUQKCPT4qL0Xtk/s2048/Fischer+grave+tatura.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsnnyXSI4ooUeZpM9mtEukGxocPQfRfH3seiPGCrot_NxJJSpI7UoeCafOdrrqFAj64E1r_K3Fj6Q8g8iaeYgojZk_3zQTlowBkBd3hkqFtRAOcxYf5OpD4ea2CBgZLxUQKCPT4qL0Xtk/s320/Fischer+grave+tatura.jpeg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Alfred Hermann Fischer<br />Tatura German Military Cemetery</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal">In April 1961 the remains of Alfred Hermann Fischer were
exhumed from Katoomba cemetery and re-interred in the Tatura German Military
Cemetery, in a simple grave marked with a brass plaque, set in a wide, green
lawn. Though far from his native land, the horse-breaker had regained his identity and could rest in peace.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrZtqhnAdoL1fa2e_r9krgY_TmBqGzEFD82HGvsUMjRFh8FMoLAwBEZMyHLwijJ8qZEBqv2jBhf5h-qoG3rtSH657K9xnkl0I2LhYL1JCZCOhEqDKQ12Wa8OGvIPKRn3T8rZ5MlRiFQy4/s425/kuhlmann+at+naa+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="425" data-original-width="344" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrZtqhnAdoL1fa2e_r9krgY_TmBqGzEFD82HGvsUMjRFh8FMoLAwBEZMyHLwijJ8qZEBqv2jBhf5h-qoG3rtSH657K9xnkl0I2LhYL1JCZCOhEqDKQ12Wa8OGvIPKRn3T8rZ5MlRiFQy4/s320/kuhlmann+at+naa+.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ernst Christian Kuhlmann, Internment Camp photo <br />National Archives of Australia (NAA D3507 1509)</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal"> Alfred's companion and fellow escapee, Ernst Christian Kuhlmann was rearrested on the night of
Saturday 29<sup>th</sup> January 1918 at Clermont near Summer Hill Creek
outside Orange, where he had been working for a Mr Gazzard, an orchardist, he
had enjoyed 43 days of liberty. Along with the other surviving internees,
he was deported to Germany following the end of WWI.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><o:p> *****</o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">John Merriman, Local Studies Librarian <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u>Acknowledgements<o:p></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sue Schmitke at Tatura Irrigation and Wartime Camps Museum assisted with the death certificate translation<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/user/profile/49774181">Shane</a></u>
at <u><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/user/profile/49774181">Find a Grave.com</a></u><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u><o:p><span style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u>Sources<o:p></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Coroner’s Reports, <u><a href="https://www.ancestrylibrary.com.au/">AncestryLibrary.com.au</a></u><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">National Archives of Australia:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>D3597:Album of identification photographs of
enemy aliens (civilian and prisoner of war) interned at Liverpool Camp, NSW
during World War I (with index) see:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><u><a href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/search/category/images?keyword=enemy%20aliens%20liverpool%20camp">https://trove.nla.gov.au/search/category/images?keyword=enemy%20aliens%20liverpool%20camp</a></u><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Wood Coffill (Katoomba) Burial Index 1916 to 1945, Blue
Mountains Family History Society.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u>Newspapers on Trove<o:p></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Escaped Prisoners of War. (1917, November 21). <i>New
South Wales Police Gazette and Weekly Record of Crime (Sydney : 1860 - 1930)</i>,
p. 502. Retrieved September 8, 2020, from <u><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article251744845">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article251744845</a></u><span lang="EN-US"> </span><u><o:p></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">GERMAN ESCAPEE RECAPTURED. (1917, December 31). <i>The
Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954)</i>, p. 5. Retrieved September 8,
2020, from <u><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15789253">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15789253</a></u><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">GERMAN REARRESTED. (1917, December 31). <i>The Argus
(Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957)</i>, p. 6. Retrieved September 8, 2020, from <u><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1671721">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1671721</a></u><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Apprehensions. (1918, January 16). <i>New South Wales
Police Gazette and Weekly Record of Crime (Sydney : 1860 - 1930)</i>, p. 34.
Retrieved September 8, 2020, from <u><a href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/251745077/27983193">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/251745077/27983193</a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></u><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">HERE, THERE AND EVERYWHERE (1918, January 4). <i>The
Albury Banner and Wodonga Express (NSW : 1871 - 1938)</i>, p. 19. Retrieved
September 8, 2020, from <u><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article101399952">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article101399952</a></u><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">ESCAPED INTERNEE ARRESTED. (1917, November 30). <i>Daily
Advertiser (Wagga Wagga, NSW : 1911 - 1954)</i>, p. 3. Retrieved September 8,
2020, from <u><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article142586207">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article142586207</a></u><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u><o:p><span style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u>Other Websites<o:p></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u><a href="https://www.dva.gov.au/recognition/office-australian-war-graves">The
Office of Australian War Graves</a></u><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u><a href="https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/encyclopedia/war_graves">AWM War graves</a><o:p></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/195704850/alfred-hermann-fischer">Tatura
War Cemetery on Find a Grave</a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></u><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-82062861963437777452020-06-16T10:46:00.001+10:002020-06-16T10:50:37.953+10:00“We polished everything” Osborne Ladies College, Blackheath<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEyuikQy9Nh9_G1ZgmOf7XuNZrdb-U7wOOn6zKEfarjbWw5kLlbstKF-UIWrcnhI9mpjHo65tQ7aoKSXeSEAkPyDORkQRJToOHUTsyT4nIV_Qj5yZKx7SGMARusenjliqZc9tAGqFoRV4/s1600/pf+811+g+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1031" data-original-width="1600" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEyuikQy9Nh9_G1ZgmOf7XuNZrdb-U7wOOn6zKEfarjbWw5kLlbstKF-UIWrcnhI9mpjHo65tQ7aoKSXeSEAkPyDORkQRJToOHUTsyT4nIV_Qj5yZKx7SGMARusenjliqZc9tAGqFoRV4/s320/pf+811+g+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From the 1925 Prospectus</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
Many would recall the story of Miss Appleyard and her College for Young Ladies depicted in the film “Picnic at Hanging Rock”. Located at Macedon in Victoria this story could just as easily have played itself out in the dramatic scenery of the Blue Mountains where, in the late 19th and first half of the 20th Centuries, many private-venture schools run by idiosyncratic, sometimes eccentric, educators were established. One such school was the Osborne Ladies College, which moved to Blackheath from the Sydney suburb of Epping in 1923.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwCT2Oz1P8e5sdEbRf46zXlGugllj2rUBCegPp0N7IimH4hq46TJU5kYtEKaa6-Gx-16bVQVILAX-09qvDgzd7Xl3o2FJ3Sw3JaYCu3Wm3xw0EpM87vnDEssEscRfp3lip6FUy83ZlKtE/s1600/img962.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1059" data-original-width="1600" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwCT2Oz1P8e5sdEbRf46zXlGugllj2rUBCegPp0N7IimH4hq46TJU5kYtEKaa6-Gx-16bVQVILAX-09qvDgzd7Xl3o2FJ3Sw3JaYCu3Wm3xw0EpM87vnDEssEscRfp3lip6FUy83ZlKtE/s320/img962.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The 1925 Prospectus</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
The college established itself in a large, three-storey building that had originally been intended as a hotel. The property looked out over the Kanimbla and Megalong Valleys and had access to a variety of popular walking tracks. The college prospectus proclaimed the virtues of its setting “amidst scenery unequalled the world over and in a climate which defies disease”. To the people of Blackheath its location was known as ‘Paradise Hill’.<br />
<br />
In pursuing her aim to produce refined, public spirited young ladies the headmistress, Violet Gibbons, drew upon her own patriotic passion for Britain and the British Navy. In the words of a former student, this became her “magnificent obsession”. Not only did her school take its name from the Royal Naval Training College on the Isle of Wight, but naval jargon, procedure and tradition permeated all aspects of school life.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtQUKWDYR7Adb_Weqmys9C_-2Ilp5pi0f4PtC0dx6bgDuIB91SFG3TBJ1bDrL0gfHyPOJTj6Nxw7kdL8voFDaq7mdsD-k85YO7hGafItcPpuon018vITLlptXC-Kxkwi3VbNQyeWhQkgE/s1600/img961+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1010" data-original-width="1600" height="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtQUKWDYR7Adb_Weqmys9C_-2Ilp5pi0f4PtC0dx6bgDuIB91SFG3TBJ1bDrL0gfHyPOJTj6Nxw7kdL8voFDaq7mdsD-k85YO7hGafItcPpuon018vITLlptXC-Kxkwi3VbNQyeWhQkgE/s320/img961+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From the 1925 Prospectus</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The school’s dormitories, classrooms, dining and assembly rooms and even the bathroom became ‘ships’ and sailed the educational seas under such famous names as Sirius, Sydney, Revenge, Rodney, Pelican, Neptune and Nelson. The system of authority within the school paralleled a naval structure of command, the younger students beginning as midshipmen, or ‘middies’, attaining the rank of lieutenant or captain in their senior years. Teachers were commanders and the headmistress the Admiral who addressed her crew from the quarterdeck or bridge.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_XpvLwXFDs-UDZdF2Kt0XmlG1DT_s7MwNGGm-dkABX6yZHKa4D4thxNHH8V_o89kVKtXVMub5gzFXpDuvXIhirHvISqCEqOF1CKL_IR4I3D43Q8MviG22UHHkycUQpDgWCuDIvz8_bAY/s1600/pf+811+d+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="915" data-original-width="1600" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_XpvLwXFDs-UDZdF2Kt0XmlG1DT_s7MwNGGm-dkABX6yZHKa4D4thxNHH8V_o89kVKtXVMub5gzFXpDuvXIhirHvISqCEqOF1CKL_IR4I3D43Q8MviG22UHHkycUQpDgWCuDIvz8_bAY/s320/pf+811+d+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The School Library</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Discipline was strict and order and Spartan comfort characterized the daily routine. Some former students were grateful for this, feeling it strengthened and matured them, though a number found it harsh and not to their liking. Morning inspection parades ensured, according to the college prospectus, “that the general appearance of the pupils is up to the standard of the R.N. in cleanliness and smartness. “We polished everything”, recalled one student, “our shoes, our buttons and our gum boots. Lots of spit and polish.”<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAu7Dzssfmpf8XczdZDpBBqXr7CswvDaQnyOxU8MAagtNmFZ0F1jwElbq1yHFsHTGooXX1defrU8OwgHesJe3CzKk-f-UNCNkzXG3R479QMnIPUygxdGPik4aoogLHp-QJhbfMtxUI6ac/s1600/pf+811+f+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="961" data-original-width="1600" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAu7Dzssfmpf8XczdZDpBBqXr7CswvDaQnyOxU8MAagtNmFZ0F1jwElbq1yHFsHTGooXX1defrU8OwgHesJe3CzKk-f-UNCNkzXG3R479QMnIPUygxdGPik4aoogLHp-QJhbfMtxUI6ac/s320/pf+811+f+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A Class Room</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Uniforms were designed along naval lines with jackets sporting six brass buttons and marching was a regular feature of college life. The girls marched in formal fashion to welcome important guests at the school gates on patriotic occasions like Anzac Day and a long, silent crocodile marched down to the post office to collect the mail. In the early mornings, whatever the weather, they marched to warm up and get their circulation going. “It didn’t matter how cold it was or whether it was snowing, we all went under the house where we kept our gum boots – cold, cold gum boots – put on rain coats and marched up and down the drive in all kinds of weather and then came back, put our gum boots back on their ledges and our rain coats back on their hooks and had porridge.”<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsjlJx3oqXIbN1svQmAmKOzwfjJ9-Rhf9GbX1m5PHEkixIkMKOdNHQLHFdiZw2VKgeunxRpxx1SYr0cGHCnThlPtwtQzk9CGI8IgvPggLLaROBvG8LkrqSKJZwi8-AV8sSiCSBIYkikAw/s1600/pf+811+k+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1031" data-original-width="1600" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsjlJx3oqXIbN1svQmAmKOzwfjJ9-Rhf9GbX1m5PHEkixIkMKOdNHQLHFdiZw2VKgeunxRpxx1SYr0cGHCnThlPtwtQzk9CGI8IgvPggLLaROBvG8LkrqSKJZwi8-AV8sSiCSBIYkikAw/s320/pf+811+k+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From the 1925 Prospectus</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
At its peak Osborne accommodated 50-75 students drawn mainly from country areas in NSW but also from inter-state and even beyond Australia. They came from a cross-section of economic backgrounds and were prepared for Intermediate, Leaving Certificate and Matriculation examinations in subjects ranging from English, History, Geography, French, Latin, Mathematics and Science to Art, Music, Elocution and Dancing. Commercial and Domestic Science subjects were also included along with Physical Culture (including Eurythmics).<br />
<br />
Osborne’s best years were the 1920s and 1930s. It struggled on after World War II and eventually closed its doors following the death of Miss Gibbons in 1958. The old building was burnt to the ground in the 1980s.<br />
<br />
What are we to make of such a school today? Its notions of the qualities required to be a ‘lady’ now seem ‘old fashioned’ and some of its educational methods probably appear eccentric, antiquated or even mistaken. Yet, the range of experiences in learning and physical activity offered was broad and, if one goes by published exam results, prizes won by pupils and the recollections of ex-students, the quality of its education seems to have been of a generally high standard. Headmistresses like Miss Gibbons were independent and admirable women at a time when the opportunities for females to pursue professional careers were, to say the least, few. Their schools, while certainly ‘of their time’, filled an important social and educational niche.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
*****<br />
<br /></div>
Author: John Low, former Local Studies Librarian, Blue Mountains Library<br />
<br />
Editor: John Merriman, Local Studies Librarian, Blue Mountains Library<br />
<br />
All images from the Local Studies collection<br />
<br />Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-63950732940836639042020-05-13T10:35:00.001+10:002020-05-13T17:37:52.576+10:00A Church on Pulpit Hill - Unlocking a Blue Mountains Mystery<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTpkLOMIq0k3LcNANhnnPT4zGiGO3MpNyGKWtbX6kVx8GQy8t6AMQ8CHHtd7giKc8erycqqUezVw5f-dpKiiw0sponCW0hbeFy5KDspYVArU091sjnF64G2H3z_y5cvi-lQynAe60Ckqc/s1600/pulpit+hill+church+grave+rear.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="844" data-original-width="1268" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTpkLOMIq0k3LcNANhnnPT4zGiGO3MpNyGKWtbX6kVx8GQy8t6AMQ8CHHtd7giKc8erycqqUezVw5f-dpKiiw0sponCW0hbeFy5KDspYVArU091sjnF64G2H3z_y5cvi-lQynAe60Ckqc/s320/pulpit+hill+church+grave+rear.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Edgar Church's headstone (photo by John Merriman) </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;">It has long been popularly held that a number of
convicts who died while working on road gangs in the Blue Mountains were buried
at Pulpit Hill, just west of Katoomba.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;">There are also folk traditions that free ‘pioneers’ were interred
there.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;">However, when it comes to
verifying these traditions, there are few accurate sources.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;">In the years after the Western Road to
Bathurst was opened to traffic in 1815, Pulpit Hill became a recognised resting
place for travellers and stock. In the 1830s there appears to have been a
stockade in the vicinity and, in 1835, the ‘Shepherd & His Flock Inn’
opened for business.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;">There was also a police
lock-up established there in the early 1860s.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;"> </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Until now, the only nineteenth-century reference to
graves in the vicinity came from the account of the French surgeon, René
Primevère Lesson (1794–1849), who travelled over the Blue Mountains to Bathurst
in early 1824.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his journal, an extract
of which was translated by Olive and Ward Havard and published in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of the Royal Australian Historical
Society</i>, Lesson wrote: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; tab-stops: 28.0pt 56.0pt 84.0pt 112.0pt 140.0pt 168.0pt 196.0pt 224.0pt 252.0pt 280.0pt 308.0pt 336.0pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">‘. . . we climbed a high eminence where the road
formerly passed, for to-day it winds on the mountain side taking an easy grade.
M. d’Urville and I climbed this old road with difficulty and we enjoyed the
view of enormous precipices, deep chasms, in short the ruins of nature, which
impressed us deeply. On this wind-beaten height stand rocks of various shapes.
One of them bore the epitaph of a young man who died there in 1822, and whose
still fresh grave will make me call this mount Mount Sepulchre.’<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="">[1]</a></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiItjk5JnGKyENMyWh4RV53ZkM2BBzoF7sRTaQ8ezH-B4cQl4LJ6gcgX68wr0VKczhrImf_RuXgsQnJFqCSmi3TYs1vN2UqVDCgIRCLh5JD3kSul-Nj6HOPTYAmc1LHONjX6NEo5pQg9jo/s1600/Coxs+rd+pulpit+hill.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="844" data-original-width="1268" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiItjk5JnGKyENMyWh4RV53ZkM2BBzoF7sRTaQ8ezH-B4cQl4LJ6gcgX68wr0VKczhrImf_RuXgsQnJFqCSmi3TYs1vN2UqVDCgIRCLh5JD3kSul-Nj6HOPTYAmc1LHONjX6NEo5pQg9jo/s320/Coxs+rd+pulpit+hill.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cox's Road of 1815 ascending Pulpit Hill (photo by John Merriman)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The burial traditions received virtually no mention in
the early tourist guides. Perhaps this was a symptom of the social attitude
referred to by local museum curator Melbourne Ward who found that, even in the
1940s, ‘it is not usual to mention the Convict, it is a subject to be hastily
skimmed over or not mentioned at all.’ While convict relics were featured in
his museums at Medlow Bath and Katoomba, he remained aware that to ‘many
Australians the relics of those times are barbarous and should be forgotten.’</span><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[2]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">An exception appears to be the </span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Blue Mountains Railway Tourist Guide</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">,
published </span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">c</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">. 1902. While there is no
mention of the graves in the text, a map is included with the words ‘old
cemetery’ located behind the Explorers’ Tree.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This map (printed originally by the Department of Lands, Sydney, in
1894) was re-used some years later by Harry Phillips in his </span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Blue Mountains & Jenolan Caves
Illustrated Tourist Guide</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> (</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">c.</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
1914).</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In the debate over the authenticity of the Explorers’
Tree which was conducted in the letter columns of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sydney Morning Herald</i> in August-September 1905 there was, it
would appear, no reference made to the graves at all (unlike the later debate
in the columns of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Blue Mountains Echo</i>
in June 1983). There are, however, several interesting later references which
also raise the question of just how many graves are supposed to be on Pulpit
Hill.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1921 Mr G. Elliott, a resident of Katoomba, told
‘of how, over 60 years ago, he first saw these graves. At that time there were
only three, and that long after the convicts had left the Mountains. Now these
primitive memorials have been added to. By whom?’<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sydney Morning Herald</i> in March 1933
reported that: ‘Some twenty-two graves may be clearly discerned to-day, but the
majority would seem to be the work of vandals and hoaxers. Twenty years ago,
when Mrs Taylor, the wife of a rector of Katoomba, visited the spot there were
only five, and, according to a Mr Peckman, an 84-year-old Katoomba resident . .
. interviewed two or three years ago, there were originally only three. If Mr
Peckman’s recollection is correct, it would seem that only three convicts were
buried on Pulpit Hill.’<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In the 1930s a visitor from Britain commented: ‘On a
local map is marked “Convict Graves” behind the Explorers’ Tree on the Bathurst
Road. I visited these graves, and, to my surprise, found they consisted of
sixteen heaps of rough stones, representing sixteen graves. At the foot of one
grave is a stone, on which is roughly carved the name “Picot”, the remainder
are nameless. As Picot is a common French name, this convict was probably
French, or of French descent. I spoke to a local resident, who remembered when
a wooden cross giving the name was on each grave, but they were all destroyed
in a bushfire, and never replaced.’<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1960 Mr L. G. Bogus of Merriwa Street, Katoomba, a
resident of the town for seventy years, wrote: ‘On the hill above the
Explorers’ Tree there were seven mounds of earth and stones, which were said to
be convicts’ graves . . . As a lad, we often visited these “graves”, and
someone seems to have cared for them, for we would often find fresh wild flowers
and ferns on the mounds, and all dead leaves and rubbish had been brushed
away.’<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr Bogus went on to suggest
another theory about the occupants of the graves: ‘We were told that people
from Katoomba and Megalong Valley had cared for these “graves”, some being
aborigines [sic] who lived in Megalong Valley and in camps in the bush near
where Catalina Park is now.’<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title="">[6]</a></span></span><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn6" title=""><!--[endif]--></a></span></span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinKthFpGWm3hl6DfGkqPTbv9AEetYXJOMNvvPoxTjfXJLMBix0alO7D7M44mmA3IoQpsksCitQ55mf8MnbFWdLK6eqaaWkeX7A4MW20glmFJXDnf3kbGrshquD0UDxQzYDc1wEFCI_snM/s1600/pulpit+hill+grave+01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="844" data-original-width="1268" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinKthFpGWm3hl6DfGkqPTbv9AEetYXJOMNvvPoxTjfXJLMBix0alO7D7M44mmA3IoQpsksCitQ55mf8MnbFWdLK6eqaaWkeX7A4MW20glmFJXDnf3kbGrshquD0UDxQzYDc1wEFCI_snM/s320/pulpit+hill+grave+01.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">An unidentified grave on Pulpit Hill (photo by John Merriman)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">During the debate about the Explorers’ Tree and the
‘graves’ in 1983, local naturalist and historian Isobel Bowden stated in a
letter to the Mayor of the City of Blue Mountains that: ‘Sixty-five years ago
the site [Pulpit Hill] was regarded as a genuine burial ground where several
graves existed. More recently the area has been interfered with and the stones
moved and scattered . . .’ As a child, she added, she had been taken up to see
the graves.</span><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[7]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
Furthermore, a Mr. Edward Thompson, who wrote to </span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Blue Mountains Echo</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> from Adelaide, was reported to have
‘visited the Tree in 1903 at the age of 10 and claims at that time there were
three graves which belonged to a convict and two children - all of whom died of
diphtheria. When [he] returned seven years later with friends, there were
several more mounds of stone and the small ones had been lengthened.’</span><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[8]</span></span></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">Despite this
conflicting evidence of multiple graves, when the Roads and Traffic Authority (</span><span lang="EN-US">RTA) of New
South Wales employed consultants to conduct a Ground Penetrating Radar study in
2000, they determined that ‘there appears to be only one potential grave site
in the investigated area’. They qualified this conclusion, however, by saying
that if burials were shallow ‘the natural processes of weathering and the
acidic nature of the soil’ might have erased all trace.<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">If there is
only one grave at Pulpit Hill, it is now possible to say with certainty who is
buried in it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It will be recalled that
in the earliest known reference to a grave in the area, the French surgeon René
Lesson referred to his travelling companion M. d’Urville.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was </span><span style="color: black;">Jules-Sébastien-César
Dumont d’Urville (1790—1842), second in command of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Coquille</i>, on which Lesson arrived in New South Wales in January
1824. He was later a significant Pacific and Antarctic explorer in his own
right and also an important naturalist and ethnographer in our region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jules Verne, mentioned him in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea</i>
and he is sometimes called ‘The French Captain Cook’.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Despite this, he is absent from the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Australian Dictionary of Biography</i>, just
one example of how anglocentric our history still is!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Mitchell Library has preserved a
transcript of d’Urville’s shipboard journal during the voyage of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Coquille</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The original is held by the Muséum national
d’Histoire naturelle in Paris.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However,
this account is little more than a navigational summary.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Far more interesting is what survives of
d’Urville’s personal journal for this voyage, which Edward Duyker located in a
bank vault in the explorer’s birthplace, Condé-sur-Noireau, Normandy, in
2007.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The preservation of the journal
is all the more remarkable, because </span>in the three months after the D-Day
landings in 1944, the town was bombed 26 times by the Allies and 94% of its
buildings were destroyed. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Despite d’Urville’s truly forbidding
handwriting, in his journal we </span><span lang="EN-US">can read that he described the view from Pulpit Hill
as that of an ‘immense diorama’. And that unlike Lesson–who makes no actual
mention of Pulpit Hill and wrote cryptically of ‘Mount Sepulchre’ because of
the ‘still fresh grave’ of a young man who died there in 1822–d’Urville,
actually recorded, in English, what was written on the tomb.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thus his journal now provides us with an
opportunity to reinstate the long lost inscription: ‘Sacred to the Memory of
Edgard [sic] Church who has departed this life, the 20 Juny [sic] 1822, aged 27
years’.<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> He
also guessed, correctly, that this young man was ‘an unfortunate convict’<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> who
died during road construction.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Edgar
<span lang="EN-US">Church received a sentence of 7
year’s transportation at the Old Bailey, on 4 December 1816, for grand larceny:
</span><span lang="EN-US">stealing, on
the 9th of November, one trunk, value 16s., the property of Henry Bott and Wm.
Payne [trunk makers in Leadenhall street,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span><span lang="EN-US">London]’</span><span lang="EN-US">.<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[12]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> </span><span lang="EN-US">He was one of 220 convicts transported on the 566-ton <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Batavia</i> (Capt. William Lamb) which
departed Plymouth in October 1817 and arrived at Sydney, via Madeira, on 30
April 1818.<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[13]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
The Colonial Secretary’s Papers indicate that he was sent to Parramatta on
arrival.<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[14]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
There is some discrepancy in his age cited by Dumont d’Urville on the grave
inscription and his age given at the Old Bailey in December 1816 when he was
said to have been 19 years old.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was
therefore born in either 1795 or 1797.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The members of road gangs tended to be fitter, yet
more trusted convicts, because of the greater opportunities such work offered
to abscond and to turn to bushranging.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Despite the initial road constructed under the direction of William Cox,
realignment, widening, new cuttings and repairs continued–indeed they still
continue. Convict road workers were at risk of accidents from falling rocks and
trees.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The accounts of early travellers
on the road frequently record the difficulties horses, wagons and carts had on
its steep gradients and loose surfaces.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Such conditions also presented numerous possibilities for fatal
accidents.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, Edgar Church’s life
was not cut short by such an accident. </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">We know
something of the actual circumstances of Church’s death from two depositions
sworn before William Lawson, Justice of the Peace, at Bathurst on 23 June 1822.<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[15]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> Charles
Connells an illiterate crown prisoner, declared that ‘on or about the 10th
[sic] of June last 1822 he came to the road mens Huts on the Mountain Road
about 9 o’clock at Night and was in one of the Huts lying down’ when two men
from the road party came in from another hut, crying, and stated ‘Edgar Church
was dead’. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two men from Connells’ hut
then went to investigate and returned saying that it was true and that ‘they
supposed that it was the rum that [Superintendent and overseer of the New Road]
Mr [Richard] Lewis had given him and one of his hands being in his mouth which
had occasioned his Death’.<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[16]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> The
other deponent was John Atkins, also illiterate, the driver of the government
mountain cart.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He, too, declared that
Edgar Church, like all the other men, had been given spirits by Mr Lewis and
that ‘an Hour before his death the man appeared quite well but went and laid
down in one corner of the hutt with his hands clasped together and laid with
his mouth down towards the ground, and one of the men shortly after went to
remove him to his Bed and said that he was dead’.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Atkins added, that ‘on examining the man they
found him a corpse’.<a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftn17" name="_ftnref17" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn17;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US">[17]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Superintendent
Lewis probably gave his convicts rum as a reward for their work, but given the
need to keep them fit for more labour, it seems unlikely that he would have
given them an excessive quantity (by the standards of the day) on that winter’s
night in the mountains, in 1822.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
rum is unlikely to have been adulterated, since none of the other convicts
appears to have been adversely affected.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Of course, Edgar Church could have had another illness exacerbated, with
fatal consequences, by alcohol.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
might have included mental health issues associated with poverty, the shame
associated with criminal conviction and the ill-effects of an alcohol-based
reward system. If Edgar Church drank all his ration in a very short period of
time, he might simply have died from alcoholic poisoning which is known to have
a severe effect on the respiratory system.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>His ability to breath, while unconscious, could also have been hindered
by his posture in the corner of the hut and the position of his hands near his
face and mouth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">Edgar Church’s
sad death, nearly two centuries ago, highlights a debate in Australia about
safe levels of alcohol consumption which is still with us to this day. </span>And
now that we know who he was, we should put a name to his nameless grave.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>May he rest in peace, but no longer in
anonymity. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">*****</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Authors: </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">Edward Duyker and John Low</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Edward Duyker (Hon. Sen. Lecturer, Department of French Studies, University of Sydney), his book on Dumont d'Urville was published by Otago University Press in 2014 with the title "Dumont d'Urville, Explorer & Polymath" </span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">John Low is the former Local Studies Librarian at Blue Mountains City Library.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Editor: John Merriman, Local Studies Librarian, Blue Mountains Library</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Note: this article originally appeared in the journal Doryanthes in 2009.</span></span></div>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br clear="all" />
</span><br />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<!--[endif]-->
<br />
<div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: -7.1pt; margin-right: -59.9pt; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 404.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[1]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> Lesson,
R. P., Journal, in Havard, O. and Havard, W. L. (trans.), ‘Some early French</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: -7.1pt; margin-right: -59.9pt; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 404.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>visitors to the
Blue Mountains and Bathurst’, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Royal
Australian Historical Society <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: -7.1pt; margin-right: -59.9pt; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 404.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal and
Proceedings</i>, 1938, vol. xxiv, part iv, pp. 245–290 [part ii, Lesson’s</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: -7.1pt; margin-right: -59.9pt; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 404.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">journal, pp. 260–90].</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; tab-stops: 28.0pt 56.0pt 84.0pt 112.0pt 140.0pt 168.0pt 196.0pt 224.0pt 252.0pt 280.0pt 308.0pt 336.0pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[2]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span lang="EN-US">From Ward’s notes quoted in Mauldon, Verena, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Melbourne Ward’s Gallery of Natural History
and Native Art</i>, unpublished thesis, Sydney University, <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">1989, p. 39.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[3]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">The Blue
Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US">, 4 March 1921.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[4]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">The Sydney
Morning Herald</span></i><span lang="EN-US">, 18 March
1933.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[5]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span lang="EN-US">Undated clipping from <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sydney Morning Herald</i>, probably early 1930s, held in Local
Studies Section, Blue Mountains City Library.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn6" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[6]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountains Courier, 21
April, 1960.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn7" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[7]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Letter dated 25 June, 1983, copy
held in Local Studies Section, Blue Mountains City Library.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn8" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[8]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">The Blue
Mountains Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US">, 29 June 1983.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn9" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[9]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">Williams,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> S. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">‘Pulpit Hill, Great Western Highway, Katoomba, NSW: Subsurface
Investigation Using Ground Penetrating Radar To Identify Possible Grave
Locations in a Cemetery on Pulpit Hill’, Egis Consulting Australia Pty Ltd for
RTA [Roads and Traffic Authority] Technical Services, December 2000. Report No.
CG1219 [copy held in the Local Studies Section, Blue Mountains City Library,
Springwood].</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn10" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: -59.9pt; tab-stops: 404.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[10]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> Dumont
d’Urville, Ms journal de la <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Coquille</i>
1823–4, Municipalité de Condé-sur-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: -59.9pt; tab-stops: 404.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Noireau, Ms 11, 1 février 1824, f. 130.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whether d’Urville recorded the inscription in
situ or at the end of his day’s travel is unknown.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is possible he unconsciously recorded the
common French spelling ‘Edgard’ and perhaps wrote ‘Juny’ because he could not
discern (or remember) clearly whether Church died in June or July and therefore
fudged the two months. </span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn11" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[11]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
Ibid.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn12" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[12]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span lang="EN-US">Proceedings of the Old Bailey, </span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%;">t18161204-14.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn13" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[13]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span lang="EN-US">See Australian Joint Copying Project, microfilm roll
88, Class and Piece Number HO11/2, Page Number 388 and Bateson, C., <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Convict Ships</i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Library of
Australian History, Sydney, 1983</span><span lang="EN-US">,
pp. 342–3.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn14" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[14]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> Colonial
Secretary’s Papers, 4/3498, p. 151.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn15" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref15" name="_ftn15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[15]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
‘Depositions of John Connells and John Atkins respecting the<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Death of Edgar Church one of the Mountain
Road Party’, Colonial Secretary’s Papers, 4/1798, pp. 141–2, State Record
Office of New South Wales, microfilm reel 6065.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn16" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref16" name="_ftn16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[16]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
Ibid.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn17" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="file://john-hp/Users/John/Work%20from%20home/Fact%20sheets/A%20Church%20on%20Pulpit%20Hill%20(footnotes).doc#_ftnref17" name="_ftn17" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn17;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[17]</span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
Ibid.</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<br />Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-89340763107015631552020-03-03T11:48:00.001+11:002020-05-13T13:33:44.901+10:00J. W. Berghofer and Berghofer Pass, Mount Victoria<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG76b0VxERiqa5AyisB3nixpwDrHEUYXlpoj_wyxSTe8-dzxj8jkyf_EBaWKNlIjvyVj9neXN6FaCRmEmrjdUPyP5iOtQs-BNHCy4BGX2OBEkWXEk4FWrxnk-xMiIg5zCXODLiCiOZI1c/s1600/ed+img235+shs+185+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1011" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG76b0VxERiqa5AyisB3nixpwDrHEUYXlpoj_wyxSTe8-dzxj8jkyf_EBaWKNlIjvyVj9neXN6FaCRmEmrjdUPyP5iOtQs-BNHCy4BGX2OBEkWXEk4FWrxnk-xMiIg5zCXODLiCiOZI1c/s320/ed+img235+shs+185+w+.jpg" width="202" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">JW Berghofer (SHS 185)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">During the 19th Century
German-Australians constituted the largest non-British immigrant group in the colonies:
over 4% in 1861. By comparison the Chinese, as the second-largest, came to
3.28%; the Italians as the third-largest made up only 0.21%, and the total
migrant population of 48 other ethnic communities amounted to only 3.25%.
Organised large-scale </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://theconversation.com/german-experience-in-australia-during-ww1-damaged-road-to-multiculturalism-38594">immigration</a></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> started with the
arrival in 1838 of groups of Lutheran farming communities from the eastern
provinces of Prussia. Many were experienced vineyard workers and were welcomed
in South Australia where they established communities in the Adelaide Hills and
the Barossa Valley, a small number even </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://www.southaustralianhistory.com.au/german.htm">went</a></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> into the desert to
spread the Faith among the Indigenous people. </span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">A smaller wave in the
wake of the failed German revolution of 1848 brought a different group of
immigrants, including outspoken democrats and liberals dissatisfied with the
lack of political reform in Germany who chose a country promising
constitutional democracy and progress towards their ideal of a unified nation
state. A third wave of German immigrants was part of the huge number of
fortune-hunters who arrived during the gold rush years of the 1850s. When the
goldfields were exhausted, many of the diggers and tradesmen of German origin
took up farming in Queensland, Victoria and New South Wales.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Johannes Wilhelm Berghöfer was born in the village of Münchhausen in the
province of Kurhessen, Germany in 1840. In 1855 he accompanied his mother Anna,
née Althaus, and four siblings, as steerage passengers to New South Wales,
there to join his father </span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Wilhelm Christian </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Berghöfer</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">(1806-1890). In 1853 Wilhelm had left Germany on board
the ‘Triten’ sailing from Hamburg ahead of his family to prepare the way. They
were seeking a new life and opportunities in Australia where four more children
were born. William soon found work as a farm labourer in the Bankstown area
where his family joined him. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">By 1864 William had
saved enough money to buy his own piece of land Road from the merchant,
manufacturer and philanthropist Ebenezer Vickery (1827-1906), on Rocky Point near
the Sydney suburb of Sans Souci, a place name with a German connection. Sans
Souci takes its name from a grand </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans_Souci,_New_South_Wales">house</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> built on Rocky Point
Road on land bought in 1853, by Thomas Holt (1811–1888), a wool merchant and
politician, for his German wife. It was named after Sanssouci in Potsdam,
Germany, the summer palace of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">In the 1850s English
and Irish migrants had settled along the Rocky Point Road in Sydney’s south where
the suburbs of Kogarah and Sans Souci, where they found fertile land and an
access track to the City markets. German settlers also found land there,
helping to turn the area into a great vegetable supplier for the expanding suburbs.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> Although coming from a staunch Lutheran background in Germany, the
Berghofers joined the Anglican Church and became active in community affairs,
attending the</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> first Anglican service in the district in 1867.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">William Berghofer became
a successful and dedicated market gardener. His holdings occupied over 4 acres,
he grew rhubarb, peas, potatoes and beans and his garden was typical of many
others in the area, some of them worked by his devout and industrious German
countrymen. He was a foundation member of the St Paul's Anglican Church at
Kogarah and chairman of the committee that planned and established the church
building in 1868-69. There were 45 children attending school in the church
building, until the first separate school was established in 1876. He was also
a prominent member of the Rocky Point Road Trust that managed repairs and
construction contracts. William died on 31st May 1890 and was buried at St
Paul's, Kogarah, the church he had helped to establish 21 years earlier.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">William’s son Johannes
Wilhelm anglicized his name to John William when he arrived in Australia and
the family adopted the name Berghofer without the accent. The strong sixteen
year old youth initially worked as a farm hand for a local landowner followed
by a position as overseer of roadworks. In 1867 he married Katherine Spring
(1850-1945) a girl from the Rhineland whose family farmed a small holding in nearby
Rockdale.<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> Following his marriage, John purchased
land from his father and began farming on his own account, later acquiring more
land from Ebenezer Vickery. </span></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizXA3Cpk2VuN-uet2a9sQHboY8Rn9KCqy6wxgBENdrzUm2XyogP816LUk-pMlScW2WUzrZkJRmQFdhsN48WumC8qzyqtnT8wWgBI25Y_b0xx9Ihln3V2XzFNZ3T0XGOiBmDOJRbTsBxEg/s1600/berghofer+john+and+wife+1901.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="678" data-original-width="539" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizXA3Cpk2VuN-uet2a9sQHboY8Rn9KCqy6wxgBENdrzUm2XyogP816LUk-pMlScW2WUzrZkJRmQFdhsN48WumC8qzyqtnT8wWgBI25Y_b0xx9Ihln3V2XzFNZ3T0XGOiBmDOJRbTsBxEg/s320/berghofer+john+and+wife+1901.jpg" width="254" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">John and Katherine Berghofer 1901 (courtesy Blue Mountains Historical Society)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">By 1874 John, now in his mid-thirties, had a growing family of four boys
and a girl. When one of his brothers contracted a serious illness, he realised
there was no local burial ground, so he campaigned for land to establish Kogarah
Cemetery. In the same year he formed a committee for the establishment of a Public
School.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Around 1870 John Berghofer decided to try his luck on the ‘diggings’ and
travelled on foot with three companions to the Hill End and Gulgong goldfields.
By then the easily accessible alluvial gold had be largely worked out and mining
companies were formed to get at the deeper deposits. The group had little
success and Berghofer found work as a carpenter and engineer while teaching
Sunday school to the miners’ children. Returning after a few months, he resumed
farming on the cabbage patch at Kogarah, but it was through this adventure that
he first travelled over the Blue Mountains. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">In 1876 while the Kogarah School was still being built, John Berghofer took
up a position of considerable responsibility in the Kanimbla Valley, managing ‘Kanimbla’
station for his old benefactor Ebenezer Vickery. Vickery gave Berghofer full
authority to deal with all matters at Kanimbla, which was a massive landholding
by today’s standards, encompassing nearly the whole of the parish of Kanimbla
including about 10,000 acres of freehold land and more under lease-hold. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Berghofer set to work with a will, first building his own homestead to
accommodate his growing family, he then built a brick residence for Vickery as
a summer resort. In 1878 he became a naturalized Australian citizen. Two
daughters were born during this period which may have encouraged him to build a
new schoolhouse for his own children and the dozen families of the Kanimbla
Valley. Originally a half time school when founded in 1869, by 1882 </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="https://data.cese.nsw.gov.au/data/dataset/historical-information-of-nsw-government-schools">Kanimbla
School</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> had reached the required minimum
of 25 pupils to move from a half-time to a full-time public school later known
as Duddawarra School. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbjDleKq9VM9uGIbiXyaujnhaxGUBDySCbFoEsI3bXeQIHwjQrPkZi736iQIyDwIKGtarK9ZrVWMblTzuDrxhC_YumHA3npgnmVg6paEdV1oYBvjGQpBVIzfO3NZ77vt9oEVKJNyVrbY8/s1600/rosedale+original.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1298" data-original-width="1600" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbjDleKq9VM9uGIbiXyaujnhaxGUBDySCbFoEsI3bXeQIHwjQrPkZi736iQIyDwIKGtarK9ZrVWMblTzuDrxhC_YumHA3npgnmVg6paEdV1oYBvjGQpBVIzfO3NZ77vt9oEVKJNyVrbY8/s320/rosedale+original.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mount Victoria Inn 1887, named Rosenthal by Berghofer (PF 996)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The diligent and hardworking Berghofer prospered and in 1892 purchased a
property in Little Hartley at the foot of Victoria pass, known as ‘The Foot of
the Hill’. On the land stood an old semi-derelict coaching inn, the ‘Mount
Victoria Inn’, built in 1839 by convict labour, for William Cummings of
Bathurst and first licensed as the Crown and Horses Inn. This he renovated and renamed '</span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="https://flic.kr/p/5ZpCke">Rosenthal</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">' (Valley of the Roses) in memory of the old Berghofer homestead in
Hessia, making it his family home. Around 1890 he</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">purchased land in Montgomery
Street, Mount Victoria and financed constructed of two semi-detached </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=1170209">cottages</a></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> for lease. The
cottages, known as Larsen’s Cottages, were built by Neils (Peter) Larsen,
father of poet Henry Lawson and ex-husband of feminist Louisa Lawson. It is
said that the young Henry assisted his father with the house painting and may
have briefly attended a local private school run by another German immigrant,
Henry Rienits. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">By this time
Berghofer had become a familiar figure in the settlement of Mount Victoria, where
a small German expatriate community developed. Always well-dressed in a dark
suit, bow tie and Homburg hat, he wore a top hat for special occasions and to
church on Sundays. The Montgomery Street venture proved successful and he
followed it with a general </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=1170211">store</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> with living
accommodation on the corner of Selsdon Street, which was leased to store-keepers
from 1912 to 1923. The accompanying residence known as Berghofer’s House was
leased to tenants for much of the sixty years that Berghofer and later his
widow owned it. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 6.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Berghofer’s primary
residence after 1892 was </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">'Rosenthal'</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">, except for the period
1898 to 1903 when he returned to Kanimbla homestead as Vickery’s manager, by
which time his family had grown to five sons and six daughters. He</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US">and
his compatriots were also active in the affairs of the town: Charles Prott was the
Mount Victoria postmaster and a crack rifle shot, winning the Queen’s Cup, his
nickname was ‘Bismarck’, and Albert Kunz opened ‘The Ladies College’ in 1891. Henry
Guenther </span></span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192187728">Rienits</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;"> was headmaster
and founder of ‘The School’ a private boarding school for young gentlemen of
good family, which opened in 1885. All were active members of the Mount
Victoria Progress Association, Mount York Reserve Trust, Rifle Club, Town Band
and Masonic Lodge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoftmvmzUO-Uuhka6n1KTvQs5-VFmYuyHYzpMyA7gPF8wZM8pxbWjDLFIEuxznUDqQ3lobg3ifRMp6nkU52ihKe5VLMuJoZ7-3BX2R2fGpc8kfNRZw21upVprhcqPdz403O2VVcrnkOdo/s1600/mt+york++obelisk+pf+182-1+1980s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1303" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoftmvmzUO-Uuhka6n1KTvQs5-VFmYuyHYzpMyA7gPF8wZM8pxbWjDLFIEuxznUDqQ3lobg3ifRMp6nkU52ihKe5VLMuJoZ7-3BX2R2fGpc8kfNRZw21upVprhcqPdz403O2VVcrnkOdo/s320/mt+york++obelisk+pf+182-1+1980s.jpg" width="260" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Macquarie Obelisk 1980s (PF 182-1)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .7pt; margin-top: 12.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">In 1900 Berghofer campaigned for the building of the Macquarie Obelisk
at Mount York and developed a strong interest in Australian history. Later he
accompanied his friend Frank Walker, president of the Royal Australian
Historical Society, to the summit of Mount Blaxland, to confirm the track of
the explorers who had opened the way for European expansion over the Blue Mountains
in 1813.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjngBmGU187ibWO05a9FGh4jYKSsBdGo0HmhzGRP4r5r3qkMm6UjDknDvQzSD2d81MUZflDkRbyPOATyDSzGDnfxn96pbeLmdroTBOX7lTot7tcMi-IVO7Wuotd76xLxVQmmTuVqdcUEWk/s1600/ed+2+img228+shs+185+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1172" data-original-width="1600" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjngBmGU187ibWO05a9FGh4jYKSsBdGo0HmhzGRP4r5r3qkMm6UjDknDvQzSD2d81MUZflDkRbyPOATyDSzGDnfxn96pbeLmdroTBOX7lTot7tcMi-IVO7Wuotd76xLxVQmmTuVqdcUEWk/s320/ed+2+img228+shs+185+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Berghofer in cart pointing to Mount Blaxland, 1913 (SHS 185)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">In 1907 when the Shire of Blaxland was proclaimed, encompassing the area
from Hartley to Lithgow, Berghofer was elected its first President and
continued as an active member of the Shire council until 1916. The poor German
peasant boy who had arrived in Sydney nearly 50 years before had come a long
way.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .7pt; margin-top: 12.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Following a </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article105264165">meeting</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> in the Sydney Town Hall in October 1912 the State
Governor, Lord Chelmsford, moved the first motion, “That arrangements be made
to celebrate the centenary of the gallant efforts of Blaxland, Wentworth, and
Lawson in crossing the then impenetrable and unassailable Blue Mountains in
May, 1813, and thus assisting to develop the present magnificent pastoral and
farming lands.” Mr. J. W. Berghofer seconded the motion, which was carried.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgejXS7iLO8GfmR3WHwY5IXz_4pGb6MevhxSscnoCektfNB3wjAHu3oOGlP3i-VfSMxW6buBCNhqdKLfL-IEVzcwfpokOWCigIrmKg6XMu7H2WizvkTexHAO0orYb5EizHAUB4m644XkLU/s1600/img020+1913.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1096" data-original-width="1600" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgejXS7iLO8GfmR3WHwY5IXz_4pGb6MevhxSscnoCektfNB3wjAHu3oOGlP3i-VfSMxW6buBCNhqdKLfL-IEVzcwfpokOWCigIrmKg6XMu7H2WizvkTexHAO0orYb5EizHAUB4m644XkLU/s320/img020+1913.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Crossing Centenary celebrations at Mount York 1913 (LS images)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .7pt; margin-top: 12.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">The Blue Mountains Centenary Committee organising </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10259565">committee</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> was established with Mr. Frank Walker, president of the
Royal Australian Historical Society as presidential chair and Berghofer among
the vice presidents, with Henry Rienits as organising secretary. The Celebrations
focused on Mount York and began with a vice-regal </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article80140259">banquet</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> in Mount Victoria on 28 May 1913, at which Berghofer
was hailed as ‘the father of the </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article119297406">celebration</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> movement’ and recognised as t</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">he force behind the memorial pavilion at Mount York, unveiled later that
day. Such was the crowning day in John William Berghofer’s public career, he
was now 73 years old and it had been a full and eventful life with a
distinguished career in community service. Nobody could have doubted his
patriotic spirit, although at times he may have been seen as somewhat
hardheaded and persistent. But clouds were gathering on the horizon.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0vVQ-T4s8ve_fq7Da7eoLzcs0HFeVU6VM1st9Yxz4ZHAubL2BoqUa62ylXaAqDOkLj7pdX1BX6c6EzVKGhb4ScJlFz5Z3fKAFjgaPa5VT-QU9bq_x0ki5t-sISQ59tDnxTvXDQk8jy7A/s1600/mt+york+1913+monument+pf+183.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1303" data-original-width="1600" height="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0vVQ-T4s8ve_fq7Da7eoLzcs0HFeVU6VM1st9Yxz4ZHAubL2BoqUa62ylXaAqDOkLj7pdX1BX6c6EzVKGhb4ScJlFz5Z3fKAFjgaPa5VT-QU9bq_x0ki5t-sISQ59tDnxTvXDQk8jy7A/s320/mt+york+1913+monument+pf+183.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mount York Monument (PF 193-1)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">By 1914 over 100,000
Germans were </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://www.sbs.com.au/news/german-australians-suffered-enemy-heritage-persecution-during-war-historian">living</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> in Australia,
comprising around 2% of the population of five million. They were a
well-established and generally well-liked community. However with the rising
tension between the British and German Empires this began to change and German-Australian
communities throughout the country found themselves the subject of suspicion
and animosity. When war broke out in August 1914 that changed to outright
hostility. Australia was rife with war fever and ordinary citizens were keen
for ways to get involved, to ‘do their bit’.</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The sinking of the
German light Cruiser <i>SMS Emden</i> by the Australian light
cruiser <i>HMAS Sydney</i> in the Cocos Islands was one of
Australia’s first actions of the war and excited the nation. The event created
hysteria about possible German naval attack, immediately establishing cultural
and national divisions within the community.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Within a week of the </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://tols.peo.gov.au/parliament-and-the-war/enemy-aliens">declaration
of war</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">, German and Austro-Hungarian residents of Australia were forced to
register with the police. A fear of possible German-Australian 'conflicted
loyalties' led to several regulations under the <i>War Precautions Act
1914</i>, such as forbidding German-Australians to leave Australia or send
money overseas. These immigrants, naturalised subjects and Australian-born
people rapidly moved in the Australian consciousness from 'our Germans' to
'enemy aliens'.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">As the war progressed
and propaganda about the 'Hun' German continued, the pressures on
German-Australians increased. Many lost their jobs or found their communities
no longer safe. Internment without charge or trial was implemented around
Australia. By 1918 nearly 7 000 men, women and children were interned by the
Australian Government. Some were interned voluntarily after they were no longer
able to support their families; others were German settlers deported from
former German colonies in the Pacific; others still were working class men who
had been born in Australia to a German father or grandfather. The aim of
internment was to protect Australians and the Australian war effort from
'disaffected and disloyal' 'enemy aliens'.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">In NSW the principal
place of internment was Holsworthy Military Camp where between 5000 and 6000
men were detained. Women and children of German and Austrian descent, detained
by the British in Asia, were interned at Bourke and later Molonglo near
Canberra. Former gaols were also used. Men were interned at Berrima Gaol
(constructed in the 1840s) and </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="http://www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au/exhibitions/zivillager/internees.html">Trial
Bay Gaol</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> (constructed 1886).</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> Others were
carefully watched by the police and neighbours. Germans lost their jobs or had
their business destroyed. Some voluntarily went into camps so their wives and
children could survive on a government allowance. At the end of the War</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">, 6150 internees from
NSW were </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-08-05/world-war-i-germany-fighting-the-huns-on-the-home-front/5638066">deported</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> back to Germany on
various ships, in a Government-backed </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-08-05/world-war-i-germany-fighting-the-huns-on-the-home-front/5638066">form</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> of ethnic cleansing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">It was not only
people who suffered. </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="http://www.easypetmd.com/doginfo/anti-dachshund-propaganda">Dachshunds</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> were routinely
kicked or stoned to death in the streets of England and similarly treated in
Australia. Owners of Dachshunds that dared venture out into public risked being
assaulted and labeled as German sympathizers, or having their pet ripped from
their arms to be kicked and stomped to death in front of them.</span><span style="background: white; color: #3f3f40; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Under such duress, the Dachshund population of the Allied world crashed
during the Great War. In Chicago a frightened breeder; after being harassed and
tormented by overzealous patriots and self-proclaimed spy catchers, is said to
have gone home and shot every Dachshund in his kennel rather than face further
reprisal. In 1913, 217 Dachshunds were registered in Britain; in 1919, none. In
the United States the poor Dachshund went from one of the ten most popular
breeds in 1913 to being represented by 12 survivors in 1919.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The Great War had provided
a welcome opportunity to realise one of Prime Minister Billy Hughes’ long-held </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://books.google.com.au/books?id=slUnBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT36&lpg=PT36&dq=the+eradication+of+German+influences+from+the+trade+of+all+parts+of+the+Empire&source=bl&ots=MHwHgtnXEr&sig=ACfU3U1m0D3hj_AGAOxBi0XLqCbe7WDKPA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwijmOPvlrznAhXBUn0KHd9NAloQ6AEwCnoECA0QAQ#v=onepage&q=the%20eradication%20of%20German%20influences%20from%20the%20trade%20of%20all%20parts%20of%20the%20Empire&f=false">aims</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">, namely “the
eradication of German influences from the trade of all parts of the Empire”.
This was to be achieved by diverting “trade from enemy to Empire”, as Hughes
put it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">In 1916 the NSW Labor Government enacted the Naturalized Subjects
Franchise </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102930404">Act</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> which stipulated that ‘any naturalized British subject of enemy origin
shall be incapable of sitting or voting in the Legislative Assembly, the
Municipality of Sydney and any Council or Shire’. The act also deprived such
naturalized subjects of the right to vote, to officiate as a JP and from
holding a publican’s licence. It directly targeted two men, one was John Berghofer.
In the NSW parliament it was opposed by Hon. JP Fitzgerald MLA who described it
as ‘an act of cruelty directed at Councilor Berghofer, a faithful and loyal
citizen’, and that ‘a considerable amount of cruelty would here be perpetuated
in the case of Councillor Berghofer’, ‘I refuse to be a party to persecute a
few helpless old men’.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The other helpless old man also caught up in the anti-German hysteria
was Charles Lindeman, originally ‘Lindermann’, (1859-1931) who was removed from
his position on Katoomba Council by the same Act. He was forced to sell his
guesthouse and dairy in Leura and spent the last fifteen years of his life in
obscurity. Thanks to local historian Jim Smith, Lindeman's name has been
rescued by the rediscovery and restoration of the historic walking track that
he surveyed and built: Lindeman Pass at Wentworth Falls. But that is another
story. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwC2RprfxZrz9KfBJiiOUQEYBsxWfdzrDVdBV-WZxcbGevSvMrxEg6Edab0Pjn4G8NACvKRXOXDkZD8Kxjen6GGF8Js7X3ZsyOXOTYjsdekhyphenhyphenFupCWQ5PbVUMxy4fOokZ3g1CQzi4yvJA/s1600/pf+147+ed+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1600" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwC2RprfxZrz9KfBJiiOUQEYBsxWfdzrDVdBV-WZxcbGevSvMrxEg6Edab0Pjn4G8NACvKRXOXDkZD8Kxjen6GGF8Js7X3ZsyOXOTYjsdekhyphenhyphenFupCWQ5PbVUMxy4fOokZ3g1CQzi4yvJA/s320/pf+147+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Blue Mountains Identities 1890 (PF 147). <br />
Charles Prott is back row end left, Henry Rienits is back row end right.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Henry Rienits closed his boys’ school which never reopened, it was
offered to the government as a convalescent home for wounded soldiers in 1915
and in 1920 it was being used for meetings of the Mount Victoria Progress
Association. But not wishing to be outdone, he also had a pass named after him,
probably before the War. Rienits Pass appears in a 1919 tourist map of Mount
Victoria and connects Pulpit rock at the southern end of Kanimbla Valley Road
with Ross Cave via the top of the Mount Victoria escarpment. Rienits and his
wife Kate lived at ‘The Lindens’ in Montgomery Street, the </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/Fact%20sheets/and%20was%20a%20keen%20amateur%20geologist">linden</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> tree being of great significance in Germanic mythology, and was a keen
amateur geologist. He </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108958117">donated</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> minerals, rocks and fossils to the NSW Dept. of Mines and taught
geology to his pupils at The School. In 1903 he prospected for coal in Victoria
Creek, driving a tunnel into the hillside which was later exploited by his son
Oswald.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">While Charles William Prott had been naturalised in Sydney on 18 August
1903, making him a British subject, it would appear that he never lost his
German accent. To save himself some trouble, Prott told anyone who asked that
he was from Belgium. Rather than evoking the usual anti-German sentiment, he
was seen as some sort of hero. Things began to unravel when the Belgian Consul
in Sydney heard of these claims through people wanting to ascertain their accuracy.
The Department of External Affairs was contacted in February 1916 seeking
clarification of his status. The truth came out although it is not clear as to
the actual impact on Prott</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">’</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">s life. There is no
indication that the Belgian Consul actually pursued the subject any further.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Twenty two ratepayers
petitioned Cr. Berghofer to resign his seat in the Blaxland Shire Council but
he resisted. In </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article120974566">reply</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> he stated that he
was naturalized in 1878, and his home and family were here. He held a number of
public positions and defied any man to say he had spoken or acted disloyally.
He had lived in Australia for practically a lifetime and reared a large family,
many of whom were married to Australians. He had worked hard, cleared the bush,
and used his strength and ability for the good of the country. Until the
Government said he was not fit to hold the position, he would remain in it.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">But it was not to be, the Naturalized Subjects Franchise Act finally forced
John </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">Berghofer's resignation from the Blaxland Shire
Council, and public pressure even made him an</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">glicize the name of his home to ‘Rosedale’. Ironically Berghofer's youngest
son Lewis George Berghofer, was fighting with the AIF in France at the </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">same time - although under the assumed name of George Bridge. Two
nephews who also bore the Berghofer name had enlisted under assumed names. In
fact </span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">some
18,000 German-Australian soldiers </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://www.sbs.com.au/news/german-australians-suffered-enemy-heritage-persecution-during-war-historian">fought</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> with the Australian
Imperial Force against their ancestral homeland. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Local sentiment however was not entirely against Berghofer as the Daily
Telegraph </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article156933249">reported</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: .5pt; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">DISFRANCHISEMENT. .
CASE OF CR. BERGHOFER. LITHGOW, Wednesday. — As the result of the passing of
the Aliens Disfranchisement Bill, Mr. J. W. Berghofer, Little Hartley, and
representative of C Riding in the Blaxland Shire, has been disfranchised. Mr.
Berghofer, who has had a long and honorable career as a </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.133333px;">Councillor</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">, has been
notified to this effect by the shire clerk. At Friday's meeting, the Council
will be asked to fix the date for the election of a successor. Mr. Berghofer
would have attended the meeting, but he has fractured his ankle as the result
of which he will be confined to his house for some time. Sympathy will he
extended to the veteran colonist, who has been in Australia for 60 years. He
has proved himself a capable citizen— one who has done more towards the
development of the country than most men. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: .55pt; margin-top: 0cm;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Daily
Telegraph (Sydney, NSW: 1883 - 1930), Thursday 4 May 1916, page 4<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">In the years following the Great War, John Berghofer withdrew from
public life, living quietly at his home in Little Hartley which he again referred
to as ‘Rosenthal’. Until, on a cool, blustery day in </span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">April 1927 in the </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246110532">drizzling rain</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">, the Duke and
Duchess of York, later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, later the Queen
Mother, visited the memorial compound at Mount York on their return from a trip
to Jenolan Caves. Both John Berghofer and Henry Reinits were </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article169146204">presented</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> to the royal
visitors. The occasion was organised by Henry’s daughter Annie, referred to as
Miss Rienits in a contemporary </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article169146204">account</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">. Of his three
daughters she was the only one unmarried in 1927 and in fact never married.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">As Berghofer shook
hands with British royalty, did the old man appreciate the deep irony of this brief
meeting with the Duke of York? It was well known that the future king had
descended from German nobility: he was the great-grandson of </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert,_Prince_Consort">Prince Albert</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> of Saxe-Coburg and
Gotha, and his great-grandmother was Queen Victoria, daughter of the </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Victoria_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Princess
Victoria</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><o:p> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVB_e5zjS_FQLNefwGa9YmjTnPnok8M3YLv1yPXo0uQzRqRt4f73uB9uCG7pzQdbpP5BXSnf3KWIxCX94XlZy0z0KSpivYVF8BajxKd27PWIEcyhA6dzwkRCm5zOvrltZ10xehKCGFwhs/s1600/pf+2074+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="929" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVB_e5zjS_FQLNefwGa9YmjTnPnok8M3YLv1yPXo0uQzRqRt4f73uB9uCG7pzQdbpP5BXSnf3KWIxCX94XlZy0z0KSpivYVF8BajxKd27PWIEcyhA6dzwkRCm5zOvrltZ10xehKCGFwhs/s320/pf+2074+1.jpg" width="185" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Duke and Duchess of York at Mount York 1927 (PF 2074-1)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The Duchess of York’s
words were recorded in a contemporary </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article138349249">newspaper</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> with a variation of
his name which provides a clue that Berghofer retained the original German pronunciation
and an extra year was added to his age at the time:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: .55pt; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">‘A Wonderful Road’ <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: .55pt; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">When John William
Berghoefer, 88 year old pioneer and ‘Father of Mount Victoria,’ was introduced
to the Duchess of York, the octogenarian had a heart storm. Her words as he
took her hand were, ‘Oh Mr. Berghofer, what a wonderful road you have made over
these rugged mountains!’ <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Was the royal
recognition enough to wash away the years of persecution? Did he think back on
his long life of service to his adopted country and, looking down at his
calloused hands, whisper to himself <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Ich
habe sehr gearbeitet schwer”</i> (I have worked so hard) and feel some final
vindication? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .55pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">John Berghofer </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108961121">died</a></span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> some two months
later, aged 87 and was buried in the family plot in Mount Victoria cemetery. His
wife Katherine survived him by 18 years, dying in 1945 at the age of 95 and is
buried next to her husband. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">Today, his legacy is visible
in the explorers’ obelisk and centenary monument at </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Mount York, his home ‘Rosedale’, the store in Selsdon Street and the
rental cottages that he built. Let us now turn to the other monument that bears
his name.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi73MdT8p1FOrXZdq9xhyphenhyphenEP7zCkXxcsZyJGyF5w9-SW65L_JXS2RhNH5S7JQnvvUVMZnTZtMicpsBXKeZxLMWXam9ZJTiI9caHbMtQEyjjlyToI-pUTjk3nft3CdZyxf-XNsMJYRCMfIAY/s1600/berg+pass+track.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="615" data-original-width="1600" height="123" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi73MdT8p1FOrXZdq9xhyphenhyphenEP7zCkXxcsZyJGyF5w9-SW65L_JXS2RhNH5S7JQnvvUVMZnTZtMicpsBXKeZxLMWXam9ZJTiI9caHbMtQEyjjlyToI-pUTjk3nft3CdZyxf-XNsMJYRCMfIAY/s320/berg+pass+track.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Berghofer Pass from the walking tack (photo: John Merriman)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Berghofer Pass</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">In the early years
the 20<sup>th</sup> Century motor cars were having a tough time climbing the
steep Victoria Pass, in some cases requiring horses to assist them. Hotels and
guest houses east of Mount Victoria, in Blackheath, Katoomba and Leura, as well
as the Hydro Majestic Hotel at Medlow Bath, however, saw the opportunity
afforded by the new faster and more comfortable means of transport and began
offering one day motor coach tours to Jenolan Caves. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-left: .5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Surveyor Thomas
Mitchell had designed and built Victoria Pass in 1842, using convict labour,
for horse, foot and coach traffic. This route replaced several early attempts
to find a descent of the western escarpment from Mount York, including William
Cox’s original 1815 road. Following the arrival of the railway to Mt Victoria
in 1868, the infant Blue Mountains tourism industry in the upper Mountains began
to develop itineraries taking in scenic views, waterfalls, and lookouts. With the
opening of a direct road to Jenolan Caves in 1882, the Mount Victoria hotels had
looked to gain a share of the lucrative tourist market by offering daily coach
trips to the ‘far-famed Fish River caves’ as Jenolan was then known. The coach
trip however, could be eventful as a newspaper remarked.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-left: 72.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">The Victoria, or Mitchell Pass has a grade
of 1 in 8 and was well known to the old-time travellers, in the days when the
famous coaching firm of Cobb and Co. ruled supreme. The drivers of those
coaches when they came to this hill, then known as 'One Tree Hill' from an
enormous gum tree that graced the pinnacle, used to say, with gentle pleasantry,
"Will the gentlemen passengers please walk up this little pinch?"
Then they drove off at a good pace for a mile and half, allowing the tired
passengers a chance to 'stretch their legs,' as they humorously phrased it,
when in reality it was a long, steep walk, especially on a hot day. Wiping the
large beads of perspiration from their brows with big coloured handkerchiefs,
and wringing them out, the passengers would storm sarcastic blessings on the
driver until they again met the coach. At Perry's Hotel, the present site of
the Mount Victoria Post Office, all would alight, with parched throats, and the
unanimous cry of 'Ave a drink.'</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-left: 72.0pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Evening
News, Sydney, Saturday 30 December 1911 <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-left: .5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-left: .5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">So as the horse
gave way to the motor car in the early 20<sup>th</sup> Century, the steep road
remained just as much a problem for the early vehicles. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJVUWGj5wKYLje06E43KGUX7j800bpImtrVbuy8ENh8SkU3R5eeKZr7iCLqMaqxyuAxCcZfDgV_HdKGiki_bJnmTJVJ1O5PrtF0VqVSj04jOVvmI4W59HIywyIJNk8C_tKX_WXPZizKM8/s1600/img055+ed+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="993" data-original-width="1600" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJVUWGj5wKYLje06E43KGUX7j800bpImtrVbuy8ENh8SkU3R5eeKZr7iCLqMaqxyuAxCcZfDgV_HdKGiki_bJnmTJVJ1O5PrtF0VqVSj04jOVvmI4W59HIywyIJNk8C_tKX_WXPZizKM8/s320/img055+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tour car departing Mount Victoria for Jenolan Caves 1926 (LS images)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt;">John Berghofer had
business interests in the town and was not a man to sit idly by when a problem
demanded a solution. He rose to the occasion and in 1906 rediscovered a ground survey
of an alternate route made 20 years earlier. This was an easier grade from skirted
Victoria Pass crossing Mount York road and passing below Mitchell’s famous
stone causeway with its massive convict built abutments, to emerge near the
foot of the descent. His search was recorded in a contemporary </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article115288612">account</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-left: .5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Five years ago Mr. Berghofer, a gentleman
of considerable influence in Blue Mountains circles, and then president of the
Blaxland Shire Council, gave the matter his serious attention. Having heard of
the survey made by Mr. Gee, after a very strenuous search, crawling on hands
and knees around the sheer face of the cliff, he at last located the surveyor's
marks and urged upon the Government the great advantage of making the road
along this new path, especially so with the enormous increase of traffic that
was going along the Bathurst Road. He was successful in inducing Mr. Lee, the
then Minister for Works, to favourably consider the matter and it is entirely
due to Mr. Berghofer's pioneering efforts that travellers will have this new
road, deservedly named Berghofer Pass. (ibid.)</span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBkk-mNLYwggBheUpoS4GFvcChyphenhyphenOSq5kxGh1lpkPDmUcTLspuCVpId7X7VlW3FSYE9iTPOuaiRBOCgD3XryMqPLYI9qAeDyjRAfmuh6WaCatJhKZ_ocmp9yd7g1bzs-hCY9miI42BnoyU/s1600/berghofer+pass+construction+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="678" data-original-width="510" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBkk-mNLYwggBheUpoS4GFvcChyphenhyphenOSq5kxGh1lpkPDmUcTLspuCVpId7X7VlW3FSYE9iTPOuaiRBOCgD3XryMqPLYI9qAeDyjRAfmuh6WaCatJhKZ_ocmp9yd7g1bzs-hCY9miI42BnoyU/s320/berghofer+pass+construction+.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Berghofer Pass under construction <span style="font-size: 12.8px;">(courtesy Blue Mountains Historical Society)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Construction commenced in 1907 and
continued for five years with several interruptions due to finding constraints.
When the new pass opening in February 1912 it became immediately popular with regular
use by traffic until the early 1920s, when grade improvements to Victoria Pass
and the advent of more powerful motor cars made it redundant. Although of a
gentler grade, it had sharp curves that followed the contours, and the numerous
embankments and culverts required constant maintenance, it was officially closed
to traffic in 1949. Today it is signposted and used as a walking track. The
original road extended much further that the present one and included what is
now known as Berghofer Drive, as well as part of St George Parade and also a
small section of Mount York Road. </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipGQkHWdfPfdxkSWCDNlnCoohxPp_bKcPiKQ4IWoeKSwR8WGn6-yiFT0E-ijFFm6PaKigRI7Floqj6MsrbYMa-HfaPKwnAsaMtF3hBvEyGMzUzYKL20xBMSA63eypgi3hy9nFkUBL3GiQ/s1600/berg+culvert+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1064" data-original-width="1600" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipGQkHWdfPfdxkSWCDNlnCoohxPp_bKcPiKQ4IWoeKSwR8WGn6-yiFT0E-ijFFm6PaKigRI7Floqj6MsrbYMa-HfaPKwnAsaMtF3hBvEyGMzUzYKL20xBMSA63eypgi3hy9nFkUBL3GiQ/s320/berg+culvert+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">One of the fine stone culverts (photo: John Merriman)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">In addition to the many fine stonework walls and </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="https://flic.kr/p/5Sumx2">culverts</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> formed during construction of the pass, a water </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="https://flic.kr/p/5Sbdgc">trough</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> for horses and travelling stock was carved into the sandstone near the
halfway mark. The horse trough is supplemented with a small, lower receptacle at
the right height for dogs. Both are filled by natural seepage from the rock and
remain a source of drinking water for native birds, bush animals, and thirsty
walkers.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: .5pt; margin-right: .7pt; margin-top: 12.25pt;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPvLwj2F__tCeWGtVnnqT1yuW0ZrhZuxf7B61RUgeoZTmIx-7P8hyfjBaYenm1eX4_J_92j3u5CFC5vLFFjkXPOrqAb2-LaqLO42kUP-vP4z5yaqNMFGNbjJx5hJPGSSnXWs9_ELFdEMw/s1600/berghofer+cliff+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1072" data-original-width="1600" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPvLwj2F__tCeWGtVnnqT1yuW0ZrhZuxf7B61RUgeoZTmIx-7P8hyfjBaYenm1eX4_J_92j3u5CFC5vLFFjkXPOrqAb2-LaqLO42kUP-vP4z5yaqNMFGNbjJx5hJPGSSnXWs9_ELFdEMw/s320/berghofer+cliff+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Berghofer inscription showing the deeper lettering<br />
after restoration (photo: John Merriman)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">A direct physical reminder of the opprobrium to which Berghofer was
subjected lies along the bottom section of the old road where an </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="https://flic.kr/p/5RAjcz">inscription</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">: ‘</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">Berghofer Pass 1909 S.
75 M. B. 49 M’ i.e. Sydney 75 miles, Bathurst 49 miles, is proudly inscribed high
on the rock wall just below the fine stone arched culvert</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> which crosses a small rainforest creek. Keen eyed observers will note that
Berghofer's name appears deeper than </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">the other lettering.
In 1915 when the Coo-ee March from Gilgandra to Sydney was ascending the Pass, some
eager recruits, incensed by the sight of a German name, smashed it from the
cliff face before passing on to Sydney and their uncertain fate in the Hellfire
of the Western Front, many never to return. It is likely that a more systematic removal was carried out at a later date by the Shire Council.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 1.45pt; margin-top: 12.25pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">The name Berghofer Pass was also changed
to Victoria Pass by resolution of Blue Mountains Shire Council, with the
present Victoria Pass reverting to its earlier name of Mitchell’s Pass. This
has led to some confusion as Blaxland Shire Council apparently never assented
to any such change.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 1.45pt; margin-top: 12.25pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">The 2013 Coo-ee
March re-enactment followed the same route but with less concern for the name
above their heads. The inscription</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> was restored
shortly before Berghofer’s death by Blue Mountains Shire Council, a gesture
which gave him ‘intense satisfaction’. Bergman asserts that it was restored by
his old friend Henry Dalziell in 1954, this may refer to renewal of part or whole
of the inscription</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">. In 1990 a memorial brass plaque
was erected on the Pass by proud John Berghofer descendants, some of whom
travelled from Germany for the occasion.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6_4AXzv0JLjeozgWdJ_JN__zDCDJCC7ocMImJlmvgnyTZKbqkgAabLcXF8Q5maonI05N0ALmpFlT0emSzNaVTE6TgHxQEVGACMF8yMCHrtqyJ2KsNRUwL9rKP5xRGD9B8SJ0C4bWYCj4/s1600/berg+pass+trough.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1064" data-original-width="1600" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6_4AXzv0JLjeozgWdJ_JN__zDCDJCC7ocMImJlmvgnyTZKbqkgAabLcXF8Q5maonI05N0ALmpFlT0emSzNaVTE6TgHxQEVGACMF8yMCHrtqyJ2KsNRUwL9rKP5xRGD9B8SJ0C4bWYCj4/s320/berg+pass+trough.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The horse trough with smaller dog bowl (photo: John Merriman)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Berghofer Pass remains an easy, graded walking </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="https://flic.kr/p/5Sb7MZ">track</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> open to the public, shady and cool in summer with the tinkle of
dripping water over moss-covered stone and the sounds of echoing birdsong. At
any time of year it has magnificent views over the Hartley Valley, and the
quiet visitor may even hear the faint tramp of boots as the original Coo-ee
recruits march into history, perhaps softly singing ‘</span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="https://youtu.be/XVM-tFAdADg">Tipperary</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">’. Its usefulness as a road is now long past but it remains a monument
to its builder, a man of singular vision and boundless energy. A man whose
dress and manners marked his as subtly different from those around him, but whose misfortune
was that his native tongue marked him as an enemy, and resulted in shameful
treatment by his adopted land.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">References<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bergman,
George. (1954). John William Berghofer, the life of a Blue Mountains pioneer.
Lithgow & District Historical Society.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Fox,
Brian. (2006). Blue Mountains Geographical Dictionary. Bathurst, the author.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Fox, Brian. (2019). Upper Blue Mountains
Bush Walking Club Greater Blue Mountains National Park – Blue Mountains
National Park- Berghofer Pass -Monday 19th August 2019 -Track Notes</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Innes, Paul. (2005). Johannes (John)
Berghofer and Berghofer’s Pass. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jack,
Ian. (2000). Blue Mountains Heritage Inventory. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Low,
John. (1998). The Mount Victoria Inn and John William Berghofer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pictorial Memories Blue Mountains. Kingsclear
Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Low,
John. (2019). Travelling to Wonderland: the emergence of coach services to
Jenolan Caves in the pre-motor era. Blue Mountains History Journal, issue 9.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Morrison,
Don. (1994). Characters of the Post 1813, History of Hartley Valley.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rickwood,
Peter C and Joan E Steele. (2019). Henri Rienits, amateur geologist and
principal of The School at Mount Victoria, 2019. Blue Mountains History Journal,
issue 9. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Smith,
Jim. (1990). The Blue Mountains mystery track: Lindeman Pass. Winmalee, Three
Sisters Productions,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt;">Smith, Jim.
(1983). Bushwalkabout: One stockman and his dog. Blue Mountains Gazette.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">John Merriman
2020.</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-85830828013244346042020-01-21T08:50:00.000+11:002020-01-21T16:00:52.887+11:00Black & Blue: ‘Jacky’ Brooks, an Indigenous Hero of Blue Mountains Rugby League by John Low<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVn-iJLEavzm1O9WREsqJ6TQaYCtufEYwQ_PxtOO3ad1yPcurWg8_93IU1-3Xn3gaiBomSFaoiBVTMx3_f1BJEpunxjn5MtxJw4dIGKwCqUJ0DsNd5T8RuHvSfZWTHeZBfL0vnZZvCxHg/s1600/Brooks+Federals+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1067" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVn-iJLEavzm1O9WREsqJ6TQaYCtufEYwQ_PxtOO3ad1yPcurWg8_93IU1-3Xn3gaiBomSFaoiBVTMx3_f1BJEpunxjn5MtxJw4dIGKwCqUJ0DsNd5T8RuHvSfZWTHeZBfL0vnZZvCxHg/s320/Brooks+Federals+ed+.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">JACKY BROOKS</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">I’ve
heard the roar at a football match as it rose in the crowded stands,</span></i></div>
</div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">When a
winger leapt and took a pass with magic, out-stretched hands,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">And the
double roar as he came inside and flashed across the line,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">That was
a roar that stirred my soul, a roar that was a sign.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[1]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Setting the Scene.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">By
1920 Katoomba was on the cusp of its most prosperous years, about to become the
‘Queen City of the Hills’ and one of NSW’s premier resorts. The town had long
outgrown its 1870s origins in coal and shale and mining the cliffs had given
way to mining the pockets of tourists. A Municipal Council had been established
in 1889 and the arrival of public amenities such as gas, water and electricity in
the early years of the 20<sup>th</sup> century was accompanied by an ever
expanding market in holiday cottages and guesthouses, which catered to all
levels of income. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEpoYqvNavHYbcQ6KAzNvOHLoa3ZkOFy81N2PD51PCuhSf6eUj2_brZS1CvFfZu02fHaTuY1_sSpPCPz2qqnLscEY5vnH462BP9NuVlg19MQj4mP-dpQmGC6fxhqOzkZ9JCNCOCurjkOM/s1600/katoomba+level+crossing+1922+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1019" data-original-width="1600" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEpoYqvNavHYbcQ6KAzNvOHLoa3ZkOFy81N2PD51PCuhSf6eUj2_brZS1CvFfZu02fHaTuY1_sSpPCPz2qqnLscEY5vnH462BP9NuVlg19MQj4mP-dpQmGC6fxhqOzkZ9JCNCOCurjkOM/s320/katoomba+level+crossing+1922+.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure 1:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Katoomba level crossing ca.1920 (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Blue Mountains City Library</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">However,
despite this new gloss of tourist glamour, the town retained enough of its
working class character to support a sometimes thriving culture of Rugby League.
After a brief flirtation with the Hartley District Rugby League in 1915 Katoomba
became involved in a truly local competition in 1920 with the formation of a Blue
Mountains District Rugby League under the patronage of Carrington Hotel owner, Sir
James Joynton Smith. A lively first season culminated at Lomatia Park in
Springwood where the grand final “metamorphosed the quietude of the bush into a
veritable pandemonium”.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Katoomba ‘Federals’ defeated the
Springwood ‘Springboks’ by 7 points to 2 and took home a trophy sponsored by
another of Katoomba’s prominent businessmen, John S. Henderson. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
was an auspicious start for the code and, while the health of the local
competition over the next two decades became something of a season-to-season
proposition (there was no local competition at all in 1926), the early years
saw teams from all over the Blue Mountains – from Emu Plains to Mount Victoria
- do battle each week. When a Blue Mountains regional team, outfitted in royal
blue jumpers, became part of a Western Districts competition in 1921 the
‘Blues’ began playing regular matches against teams from as far away as
Wellington and Dubbo. Games against metropolitan club (generally lower grade)
and company teams were also arranged and became common fixtures in the late
1920s and 1930s. Indeed, as the fortunes of the local competition began to
fluctuate, the ‘Blues’ assumed centre stage and provided the Mountains
community, characterised by a divisive geography of small parochial towns with
entrenched traditions of rivalry, one of the few avenues through which it could
express a unified sense of regional identity. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Initially
games were played on the Katoomba Park Recreational Reserve within earshot of
Katoomba Falls. However, when the Show Society’s grounds at North Katoomba were
upgraded to accommodate football and cricket and re-opened in June 1925, the ‘Katoomba
Showground’ was soon adopted as League headquarters. When a grandstand was
built a couple of years later and training rooms and showers were added the
ground become “one of the finest ... outside the Metropolitan area.”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Just
as a football team is usually identified with its town or region, so too, sport
can throw up unlikely local heroes, who, by their athletic ability, carry the
aspirations of the community on their shoulders. One such ‘unlikely hero’ is
the subject of this article and, while Jacky Brooks may not rank in the elite
of rugby league players, to the Blue Mountains crowds of the 1920s and early
1930s, he was “a wonder-boy”.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Introducing a local lad.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Behind
Katoomba’s town centre, out of sight in the valley formed by the Katoomba Falls
Creek, an Aboriginal community had formed around the turn of the century when
members of an existing community at the foot of Nellie’s Glen in the Megalong
Valley moved up on to the ridge. Never large, the ‘Gully’ community consisted
of a core of permanent families, which included people of Dharug, Gundungurra,
Wiradjeri and European descent with a regular itinerant population drifting
through from other centres. A small interdenominational church, funded by local
Congregationalists and run by a Katoomba Mission Committee (supplemented by visits
also from the Australian Inland Mission), was erected in 1910 and emerged as a focal
point for community meetings and gatherings. Though individuals from the Gully
visited, shopped and worked in the town the latter took little interest in
them, their small community becoming a refuge from unwanted attention.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> The
Gully was Jacky Brooks’ place.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">‘Jacky’
was born Walter Woodburne John Brooks on 25 June 1906 at Little Bay, Sydney.
His father William, other than a couple of references to him as a “labourer”
and, intriguingly, a “variety artist”, remains a shadowy and mysterious figure.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
His mother, Jessie (known as Rosie), on the other hand, was the daughter of
William and Fanny Lynch, both prominent Gundungurra elders. William Lynch was
born at Bungonia in 1830 to a Gundungurra mother and an Irish convict father.
He worked for many years as a police tracker and later as a shepherd on
Alexander Dalziell’s ‘Rosevale’ property in the Hartley Valley, eventually
settling on his son’s selection at Gibralter Creek where it joins the Cox’s
River. Rose Anna ‘Fanny’ Lynch (nee Fisher) was born at Hartley in 1829 and
after their marriage bore William seven children. Following her death in 1900,
her husband and a number of their family (including Jacky’s mother Rosie) moved
into ‘The Gully’ at Katoomba.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
When he died in 1913, ‘Old Billy’ was described in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Blue Mountain Echo</i> as a “Mountain historian”, his obituary
writer paying tribute to his “encyclopaedic” knowledge of the district.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijPLccLsDZeBozPGQjNMSx820OMKSUWWvD5cgG-V10k5q_l0VqYAj_-mXKMdx9-NXJ76CxPuERuJilrxgRPYTYTuvlC0QbuiuMdDqaOpLZITltH5_YJHpAIZqSbx4GDcKdo6cDaZpBHNM/s1600/pf+1992+ed+w.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1131" data-original-width="1600" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijPLccLsDZeBozPGQjNMSx820OMKSUWWvD5cgG-V10k5q_l0VqYAj_-mXKMdx9-NXJ76CxPuERuJilrxgRPYTYTuvlC0QbuiuMdDqaOpLZITltH5_YJHpAIZqSbx4GDcKdo6cDaZpBHNM/s320/pf+1992+ed+w.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure 2:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Looking east across
The Gully to Katoomba township, late 1940s (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Blue
Mountains City Library</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Though
it was on the football field in the years following World War I that Jacky
Brooks achieved his greatest fame, his courage and physical stamina first came
to public notice in November 1912 when he played an active role in the rescue
of two young friends who had fallen during a precipitous climb up the Narrow
Neck cliffs following an excursion via Dickson’s Ladders - “a weird wire rope
hanging from an iron peg fully 70 feet over a sheer precipice” - into the
Megalong Valley to collect wild flowers. The local press praised him as “a little
hero ... deserving of every recognition”; he was presented with “a handsome
medal” at a special function in the Mission Church and a small trust fund was established
to “be spent only in the best interests of the little hero”.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">The ‘Wonder Boy’ of
Blue Mountains Football<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Today
there would be few major Rugby League clubs without Aboriginal or Torres Strait
Islanders on their books. At the time Jacky Brooks joined the Katoomba
‘Federals’<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> in
1923, however, it was a different matter. Indeed, that year saw the retirement
of George Green, the first ‘Aboriginal’ to play first grade Rugby League in
Sydney and even his Aboriginality is now considered doubtful.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
Nevertheless, perhaps Green who played a significant part in the North Sydney
premierships of 1921 and 1922 provided inspiration to the young Katoomba
footballer. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Whatever
the source of his decision to play Rugby League, Jacky’s first match
performance was considered worthy of notice by the local press and within weeks
he found himself selected to play in a combined Blue Mountains-Mudgee team
against Lithgow. “No better sport or more gentlemanly player has donned the
Mountains league guernsey”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[12]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>,
remarked one commentator and it was not long before his attractive playing
style made him a favourite with the local crowds.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">League
at its best is an attacking game and, while big forwards lay a foundation of
grinding progress, to play as a centre or on the wing demands speed and evasive
skills. Jacky had both and the local sports journalists were prolific in their
praise. He was simply “a wonder-boy when properly fed [the ball]”.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[13]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
In August 1928, gathering the ball near his own line, he sprinted and weaved “in
one of the prettiest runs imaginable” to score; it was “the best piece of
individual play we have seen this season.”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[14]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> The
following year, in a game against a team from Granville in Sydney’s west, he
scored “the greatest try of the season”, intercepting a pass on the half way
line and “with great head and footwork he managed to dodge his many would-be
tacklers, and scored right behind the posts ... no one could get close enough
to bring off a successful tackle.”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[15]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jacky was clearly one of those players who
could inject magic into a game at any moment and, simply by receiving the ball,
bring a crowd to its feet. At Blackheath in 1924, trying to explain the way he
“electrified the crowd”, a reporter struggled for words only to find them
eventually in the poetry of Tennyson.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[16]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6Vr3Qo9KEbS45nwlwArUOMSETKd1jlh1AtaEvOgMmDPUre7as-un0AsDZYcvQhMb_AH7NwCt-Yt_4ARfEBcfhvQXBGZymP9vdQTBB8-TxGCMkMaD9dvucKgelnUYBD4b_Dds8kRrD8SA/s1600/bm+district+football+team+1929+ed+crop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1085" data-original-width="723" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6Vr3Qo9KEbS45nwlwArUOMSETKd1jlh1AtaEvOgMmDPUre7as-un0AsDZYcvQhMb_AH7NwCt-Yt_4ARfEBcfhvQXBGZymP9vdQTBB8-TxGCMkMaD9dvucKgelnUYBD4b_Dds8kRrD8SA/s320/bm+district+football+team+1929+ed+crop.jpg" width="213" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure 3:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Jacky in his ‘Federals’ jumper ca.1923 (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Blue Mountains
City Library</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
seems, too, that Jacky possessed the ability to ‘use his head’, to play
intelligently and learn from criticism. In a club match in June 1924 he was
criticised for trying to do too much. Had he “short kicked at times”, the
commentator remarked, this “would have been better for his side.”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn17" name="_ftnref17" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn17;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[17]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
The following week, playing for the Blues against the South Sydney Warrigals, he
showed he had taken this advice to heart. Receiving the ball on the half way and
confronted by a phalanx of opposing players, he “used his head, short kicked,
raced through, gathered up and flashed across an easy winner. It was a pretty creditable
piece of work.”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn18" name="_ftnref18" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn18;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[18]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Besides
speed and agility in attack, League also demands the defence of territory and
an ability to tackle can separate a good three-quarter from the rest. Jacky,
though lightly built, ticked this box too. Even when starved of possession and
limited in attack, it was observed that “nothing got passed Jackie (sic)”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn19" name="_ftnref19" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn19;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[19]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. He
could be all over the ground “working from wing to wing, one time cutting off
the visitors’ winger after a burst across field.”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn20" name="_ftnref20" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn20;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[20]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
When he was nearing the end of his playing career he could still produce
‘man-of-the-match’ defensive performances. In a game against Fairfield in 1936
“the beautiful tackling of Jacky Brooks” was seen as a highlight, the
journalist from the<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Katoomba Daily</i> concluding
his match report with the comment: “I think Jacky Brooks is the finest tackler
it has been my pleasure to watch. Not once on Sunday did he let his man go past
him. … A pity the rest of the team does not tackle like him.”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn21" name="_ftnref21" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn21;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[21]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jacky’s
speed and effective defence were sustained by his remarkable stamina and
courage or, what one commentator called, “true football grit”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn22" name="_ftnref22" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn22;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[22]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.
His ‘staying power’ was noted early and by 1929 had earned him the nickname of
‘Tiger’<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn23" name="_ftnref23" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn23;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[23]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.
In August 1929 a thrilling Sunday match against Orange, in which the Blues were
victorious over a team that contained two former internationals, revealed him
at his most determined. He was a marked man from the kick-off and during the
second half was found to have suffered a broken rib. Refusing to leave the
field, he moved briefly to full back but soon reverted to his normal position
in the three-quarter line where, “holding his injured side with one hand”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn24" name="_ftnref24" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn24;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[24]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>,
he successfully executed a couple of try-saving tackles before the game
concluded. Then, he was back on the field the following weekend in a knock-out
competition against teams from the metropolitan area, a “red-letter day for
Katoomba”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn25" name="_ftnref25" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn25;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[25]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> with
the local side scoring an exciting victory in the final against South Sydney.
The crowd at the showground was lively and conditions certainly favoured the local
side, with wind, rain and snow all effecting play. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">While
it is true that Jacky Brooks’ abilities have to be seen in the context of the
generally average and often criticised standard of football in the Mountains<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn26" name="_ftnref26" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn26;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[26]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>,
there is no doubt that he showed above average abilities as a player. In 1929
he would have benefited from the more professional coaching, which came with
the appointment of the experienced Charles Hamey as the District team coach.
Hamey was an ex Newtown Union player and had been a South Sydney junior
representative at aged 13. He introduced a more disciplined regime into the
training schedule and its impact was felt immediately, with the Blues recording
a win against Bathurst, which observers felt placed the team “on a level with
any first class team of the west”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn27" name="_ftnref27" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn27;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[27]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.
On training nights the showground, lit by two large electric spotlights, “was
as busy looking as a disturbed ant bed.”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn28" name="_ftnref28" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn28;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[28]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
The Blues won 17 out of 21 games played that season. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure 4:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Blue Mountains
District Rugby League team 1929; Jacky front row, first on left (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Blue Mountains City Library</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">While
an early commentator forecast that “some day he’ll be heard from”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn29" name="_ftnref29" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn29;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[29]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>,
Jacky seems to have won representative honours beyond district level only once.
This was in May 1933 when he was the only Katoomba player chosen by the Group
10 selectors to represent the group’s Eastern against its Western Division. The
match was played before the State League selector at Bathurst and, while
Eastern Division won and his pace was praised, he did not have a good game. He
was criticised for “a little too much indecision” and failed to make selection
for Country Week carnival honours in Sydney.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn30" name="_ftnref30" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn30;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[30]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nevertheless,
his talents did not go totally unrecognised and the high regard, in which he
was held by local spectators and players alike, was reflected in a number of
local ‘honours’. In August 1924, at a dinner at the Hampden Villa Guesthouse
following a Blues victory over an Eastern Suburbs President’s Cup team, which had
won the Sydney competition, the Eastern Suburbs Club’s Vice-President “paid a
high tribute to Jacky Brooks, which caused prolonged cheering from all
present.”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn31" name="_ftnref31" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn31;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[31]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> A month
later his was the first name to be inscribed on a shield sponsored by Katoomba
businessman and Federals official, Dave Brown, to recognise annually the club’s
“most proficient player”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn32" name="_ftnref32" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn32;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[32]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.
And the following year his efforts were again recognised when the club
presented him with its award for “all-round excellence”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">The Katoomba Community<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jacky
Brooks, like many of the Valley residents, worked in the town and participated
in other aspects of Katoomba life without apparent discrimination. Indeed, in
1927, after working for a local carrier for over a year, Jacky took his
employer to court, alleging successfully that he was due 4 pounds 13 shillings
and 9 pence “as wages underpaid in terms of the award”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn33" name="_ftnref33" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn33;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[33]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.
In the 1930s he appears to have obtained work at some of the local hotels and
guesthouses including the Hydro Majestic at Medlow Bath and the Carrington and
Milroy in Katoomba. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure 5:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> The Carrington Hotel,
Katoomba, 1930s (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Blue Mountains City
Library</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">At
a farewell dinner for the Carrington’s manager, Harry Cantor, Jacky spoke of
how happy he had been working under Cantor, with whom he had come from the
Hydro Majestic.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn34" name="_ftnref34" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn34;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[34]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> He
worked in the kitchens at the Carrington and would bring home left-overs of
food and sweets for the Valley children and scraps for his favourite cats. He
played the organ in the Valley church, was a good singer, a fine dancer and
skilled on both the gum leaf and the spoons. As such, he was a popular
participant at staff balls and football club dinners. At the aforementioned
dinner for the Eastern Suburbs team in 1924, he was one of the principal
musical attractions, while in 1938 he won a prize for the most original fancy
dress at the Carrington Staff Ball.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn35" name="_ftnref35" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn35;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[35]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">While
the Australian devotion to sport provided Jacky with a pathway to community
respect and all the evidence suggests that he was widely and genuinely liked,
he was rarely allowed to forget that he was ‘different’. Language now considered
unacceptable was then widespread and unremarked upon. It reflected deeply
ingrained community attitudes. To the press he was the “swarthy Jacky”, the
“fine little ‘white’ player” or the “gallant Etheopean (sic) with the white
heart”.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn36" name="_ftnref36" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn36;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[36]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
And, popular though he was with the crowds, it seems that he did not always
escape the cruel and derogatory comment. “Give the ball to the boong!” was
heard by at least one spectator, who shared his memories with me.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn37" name="_ftnref37" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn37;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[37]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgU6wkyQKDpgwlgsYwIhKohM_QoExcM3HnIlKYx-Z4bh6jF8mgxIyFsj3gESu8adulTv6tZxDeMflSZeBluavg0g792F7H1D6TczA0rFKNrZ8nxnT-_2E8V0lh8lI1_oV1Sakuo6hOw-3Y/s1600/l+to+r+joe+stubbings%252C+jackie+brooks%252C+unknown%252C+source+darug+link.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1088" data-original-width="1600" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgU6wkyQKDpgwlgsYwIhKohM_QoExcM3HnIlKYx-Z4bh6jF8mgxIyFsj3gESu8adulTv6tZxDeMflSZeBluavg0g792F7H1D6TczA0rFKNrZ8nxnT-_2E8V0lh8lI1_oV1Sakuo6hOw-3Y/s320/l+to+r+joe+stubbings%252C+jackie+brooks%252C+unknown%252C+source+darug+link.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure 6:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Jacky with friends in the AB Cafe in Katoomba. Joe Stubbings, Jackie Brooks with Harvey Clark, date unknown (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Blue
Mountains City Library courtesy of Jean Murphy</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Beneath
the surface of its metamorphosis into one of the nation’s premier tourist
resorts, Katoomba was basically a small provincial Australian town imbued with
a deep conservatism, which underpinned its view of the world. Jacky Brooks
might have been recognised and applauded as a fine footballer, but he lived,
worked and played in a community in which ‘race’ and skin colour still
mysteriously measured a man’s place in society, and his success must be seen in
this context. Australia had a ‘White Australia Policy’, the last vestiges of
which remained until the Whitlam era, and its leading journal, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Bulletin</i>, did not remove the slogan
“Australia for the White Man” until the early 1960s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
press’ treatment of three other Aboriginal men who fell foul of the law around
the time that Jacky Brooks was beginning his football career provides a useful
comparison. The prominent historian of race in Australian sport, Professor
Colin Tatz, has described community attitudes to race in terms of “inclusion”
and exclusion”.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn38" name="_ftnref38" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn38;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[38]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> The
‘acceptance’ given to Jacky emanated from his ‘special case’ status as a <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">black</i> champion, his racial difference
emphasized by his “inclusion”. The Hughes brothers, on the other hand, had no
such special status. They had already placed themselves outside the law, compounding
their racial “exclusion”. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">In
April 1921 William Hughes, a World War I veteran, and his younger brother
Herbert escaped from the Katoomba lock-up where they had been incarcerated for
burglary. Before their eventual recapture, they lead the police on a ‘merry
dance’ around the Burragorang Valley. Extra police were sent from Sydney to
assist in tracking them down, a response which seems somewhat out of proportion
to their status as petty criminals. Three years later their older brother Jimmy
was also arrested in Katoomba for similar crimes. In its coverage of these
cases, in which police “wit” was matched against the “cunning” of the
“copper-coloured coons”, the local press portrayed the brothers in a manner,
which suggested they were hardened criminals. It also implied, irrelevantly,
that one of the brothers was “a perambulating darkie who used to play ‘peeping
Tom’ in the nude” instilling fear among Katoomba’s women.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn39" name="_ftnref39" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn39;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[39]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">As
Katoomba rode the crest of an economic wave into the early 1920s, the Valley
community on its margins remained poor. Houses were constructed with the
limited materials available – saplings, kerosene tins, corrugated iron, hessian
– and painted with whitewash. Public utilities were minimal. The local
newspaper, if it referred to the community at all, called it a “camp” and mission
records refer to cases of sickness and premature death indicative of social neglect.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In November 1924 Jacky married Edith Faith
Stubbings at a ceremony in the Valley’s church, the interior of which was
decorated “with wildflowers and greenery and a Wedding bell, and outside an
arch of greenery was erected and coconut matting laid from the gate”.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn40" name="_ftnref40" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn40;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[40]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
Within two months of the wedding Edith had died from complications incurred
during childbirth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Life after Rugby League<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">In
the 1930s, as his football career was coming to an end, Jacky seems to have
considered other outlets for his athletic abilities. One of these, not surprisingly,
was boxing. On the evening of Saturday, 1 April 1933, “our football champ”
appeared at the Katoomba Town Hall in a bout with a similarly weighted (9
stone, 7 pounds) but height advantaged opponent named Jack Swords. Despite
showing all the courage and determination, which characterised his football,
his attempt to forge a new career in the ring proved unsuccessful.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The reporter from the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Katoomba</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Daily </i>observed
that: “Brooks attacked tigerously (sic), forcing the taller man again and again
into his corner. In the third round Brooks hit the canvas for seven, and in the
fourth, Swords … knocked him through the ropes. Coming back into the ring,
Brooks received a straight left and a right arm jolt to the stomach, again
going down. The towel was then thrown in from his corner.”<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn41" name="_ftnref41" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn41;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[41]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
This seems to have been his first and only fight. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL7CinifErM2KI_UKwtAADHSdwbehNpVRywJNYqtvqYOC447Mnlqn820aLi8Fhyx_HHo4tCC7l5thRG0pqX63tULLMdtv0_SKKc6RBEE3WvVoY9Qz_DFDqpnfLXuN6UZjJHs8XRoHUsOY/s1600/walter+woodman+john+brooks+ed+sm+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1043" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL7CinifErM2KI_UKwtAADHSdwbehNpVRywJNYqtvqYOC447Mnlqn820aLi8Fhyx_HHo4tCC7l5thRG0pqX63tULLMdtv0_SKKc6RBEE3WvVoY9Qz_DFDqpnfLXuN6UZjJHs8XRoHUsOY/s320/walter+woodman+john+brooks+ed+sm+.jpg" width="208" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure 7:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Jacky Brooks 1940s or
1950s (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Blue Mountains City Library</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Not
a great deal is known about Jacky’s life after football. Despite the fact that
even when he was playing there were periods when his name failed to appear in
the football reports suggesting his absence from the town (chasing work
perhaps) and a possible stint as a football coach at Wellington (NSW),<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn42" name="_ftnref42" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn42;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[42]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> Jacky
lived in Katoomba until probably the mid-1950s. In 1936 he married Daisy Smith
(aka Dennis/Barker), an attractive and “stylish” Aboriginal woman with reputed
connections to La Perouse and Redfern. This marriage did not last. A later
relationship with a non-Aboriginal woman, Eileen Rutland, produced a number of children
who, sadly, were later placed in foster homes.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn43" name="_ftnref43" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn43;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[43]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">For
residents of the Gully, the 1950s brought with it the spectre of disruptive
change. From the early years of the decade the local council, having reached
agreement with a local syndicate of car enthusiasts to build a modern motor racing
circuit as part of a larger recreational ‘attraction’, began to acquire and
clear land in the valley. With no apparent thought given to the impact on the
small Gully community, construction of the track began in 1958 and continued
through until 1961. It spelled the demise of the Gully as a place of refuge and
community and the end (or so it was thought at the time) of a people’s special
relationship, formed over a long period, with “a particular piece of ground”.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn44" name="_ftnref44" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn44;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[44]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure 8:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> The motor racing
circuit in The Gully, early 1960s (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Blue
Mountains City Library</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jacky
was still living in Katoomba when his mother died in 1949 and when he applied
for exemption from the provisions of the Aboriginal Welfare Act. His house was
next door to his mother, Rosie’s.<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftn45" name="_ftnref45" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn45;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">[45]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> But,
his place was now lost to him and it is probable that he left Katoomba some
time during this period of dislocation. It was mentioned to me once that, before
his departure, he played in an exhibition match at the Katoomba Showground, in
which his team-mates ensured that he scored a try. If it happened it was a
final flourish for “the wonder boy” of Blue Mountains football. He moved
possibly to Redfern or perhaps to La Perouse near his birthplace of Little Bay
… and vanished! <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Considering
the importance of sport in Australian life, it is unfortunate that local
historians have given it little serious attention. When seen in its broader
social context, sport offers yet another perspective, from which to look at our
history. Jacky Brooks was a talented footballer, whose exploits on the field
spoke that mysterious language understood by fans of all eras, that ‘secret
knowledge’ so baffling to outsiders. He was also an Aboriginal man living in a
small Australian town in the early 20<sup>th</sup> century. Such stories as
Jacky’s are important. They open a window on a moment in our community’s
evolution. They show us the ways in which we have changed and remained the
same. They provide us with context and continuity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">In
modern Katoomba, there are two places where Jacky Brooks is publically
remembered. The first is located outside the Carrington Hotel where some years
ago an area of public space was set aside so locals and visitors alike could
soak up the sunshine, enjoy dramatic and musical performances or just sit under
the gaze of one of Australia’s iconic 19<sup>th</sup> century hotels. Set into
the pavement here are a series of panels that memorialize, in a brief imagistic
line of text, a number of local people whose lives have intersected with that
of the old hotel. Jacky is among them. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure 9:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> The interpretive
‘Story Walk’ in The Gully, Katoomba (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Budawa
Aboriginal Signage Group website</i>) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
second can be found in an oasis of quiet some distance from the centre of town.
In 2002, the Gully was officially declared an ‘Aboriginal Place’, a public
acknowledgement of the profound connection to this place, which has survived
within the local indigenous community. An Aboriginal ‘story walk’ has been
included in the ‘refurbishment’ of the area and Jacky’s story is among those of
the Gully people featured.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">While
these are the two public acknowledgements of his place in the life of Katoomba,
not long ago I had the pleasure of meeting Jacky’s daughter, Eileen, and her
son, Jay, who are only now discovering the richness of their Blue Mountains
heritage. Jacky’s grandson Jay is an impressive young man fired with enthusiasm
for his grandfather’s story and determined that it not be forgotten. Jacky’s
memory, I think, is in safe hands. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure 10:</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Jacky’s daughter
Eileen and grandson Jay (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Jay Brooks</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Acknowledgements<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">A
</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">very</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> early ‘version’ of this article
was published in </span><i style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Loosehead</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (Rugby
League Quarterly), No.7 (Vol.2 Issue 1), Spring 1999, pp.7-9, 20; and a later
version presented as a paper at the Blue Mountains History Conference, 25
September 2005.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">This article was originally published in <em>Doryanthes</em>, Vol.8 No.4, November 2015, pp.12-21</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">For
their interest and assistance I am grateful to the Blue Mountains Historical
Society, John Merriman and the Blue Mountains City Library’s Local Studies
Section and to Jim Smith who shared information from his own research. I am
also extremely appreciative of the help, support and encouragement given to me
by members of Jacky Brooks’ family, especially his niece Margaret Joyce Jordan,
his nephew Ron Fletcher and, more recently, his daughter Eileen and grandson
Jay. Finally, I drew untold knowledge and inspiration from the historical
research of my friend Andrew Moore and the many afternoons we spent on the hill
at North Sydney Oval. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Written by John Low<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Editor note</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">This article contains quotations from historical sources that would now be considered offensive and even shocking. They have been preserved for historical accuracy.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">John Low OAM is a former Local Studies Librarian at Blue Mountains Library. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">John Merriman, Local Studies Librarian.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /><u>End notes</u></span></div>
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<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<!--[endif]-->
<br />
<div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> D Kevans,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“The Roar of the Crowd” in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Great Prawn War and other Poems</i>,
Sydney: The Author, 1982, p. 31.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“The Henderson Cup”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 6 August 1920, p. 3, cols.4-5.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “District Rugby League”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 4 May 1928,
p.2, cols.5-6.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Though his nickname appears as both
‘Jacky’ and ‘Jackie’ I have used the former spelling for consistency.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> D </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Johnson, “The Gully
Aboriginal Place”, in E Stockton & J Merriman, ed. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Blue Mountains Dreaming: The Aboriginal Heritage</i>, 2<sup>nd</sup>
edition, Lawson (NSW): Blue Mountain Education & Research Trust, 2009,
p.206.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn6" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> I am grateful to Jim Smith who provided
me with the birth date, recorded in Jacky’s application (16/8/1949) for
exemption from the provisions of the Aboriginal Welfare Act; and to Jacky’s
niece, Joyce Jordan, who sent me copies of </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">his Marriage
Certificates: to Edith in 1924 and to Daisy in 1931. The references to Jacky’s
father come from these.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn7" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> D </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Johnson & D
Colless. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Upper Kedumba Valley, Katoomba:
Report on the Cultural Significance of Upper Kedumba Valley for Declaration as
an Aboriginal Place</i>, Blackheath: NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service,
[2002].<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn8" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Death of an Old Identity”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 21 November
1913, p.3, col.4. Many years earlier his local knowledge and respected position
was recognized in an interview published in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Sydney Mail</i>, 12 December 1896. But perhaps the best memorial to William and
Fanny was given by Bernard O’Reilly in his book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Cullenbenbong </i>(1944). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn9" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“A Miraculous Escape”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 29 November 1912, p.2, col.1; “Honest Recognition”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Blue Mountain Echo</i>, 20 December
1912, p.6, col.2. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn10" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">It is
interesting that the Federals’ colours were red, yellow & black hoops – the
colours adopted for the modern Aboriginal flag!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn11" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">See A Moore. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Mighty Bears: a Social History of North
Sydney Rugby League</i>, Sydney: Macmillan, 1996, pp. 86-88. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn12" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[12]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> ‘Dally-B’, “Football Flashes”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 24 August
1923, p.5, col.4 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn13" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[13]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Football”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 4 June 1926, p.5, col.2.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn14" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[14]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Football”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 14 August 1928, p.2, col.3.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn15" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref15" name="_ftn15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[15]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Another Meritorious Win”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountains Star</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 21 September,
1929, p.4, col.1. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn16" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref16" name="_ftn16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[16]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Federals Down Heath”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 16 May 1924,
p.3, col 3. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn17" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref17" name="_ftn17" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn17;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[17]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Football Flashes”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 6 June 1924,
p.5, col.3.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn18" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref18" name="_ftn18" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn18;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[18]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Football”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 13 June 1924, p.3, col.3.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn19" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref19" name="_ftn19" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn19;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[19]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Football Flashes”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 12 June 1925,
p.3, col.5. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn20" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref20" name="_ftn20" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn20;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[20]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Strenuous Rugby”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 11 July 1924,
p.3, col.3.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn21" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref21" name="_ftn21" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn21;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[21]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> ‘Lock’, “Rugby League: Football
Flashes”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Katoomba
Daily</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 17 July 1936, p.2, col.7.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn22" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref22" name="_ftn22" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn22;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[22]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Football-Thrilling Game”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountains Star</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 24 August
1929, p.8, col.5. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn23" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref23" name="_ftn23" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn23;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[23]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “A Muddy Game”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountains Star</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 17 August
1929, p.8, col.3. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn24" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref24" name="_ftn24" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn24;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[24]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Football-Thrilling Game”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountains Star</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 24 August
1929, p.8, col.5.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn25" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref25" name="_ftn25" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn25;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[25]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “The Blue Mountain Line Never Crossed”,
</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountains Star</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 7
September 1929, p.4, cols.3-4.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn26" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref26" name="_ftn26" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn26;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[26]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Blue Mountains
football was described by one commentator in 1922 as “a mild recreation” rather
than “a serious proposition”. See: “Football Flashes: Almost Cricket”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Blue Mountain Echo</i>, 4 August 1922,
p.4, col.5.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn27" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref27" name="_ftn27" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn27;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[27]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Mountains Football Comes into its
Own”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue
Mountains Star</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 1 June 1929, p.3, cols.3-4. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn28" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref28" name="_ftn28" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn28;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[28]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> ‘Centre’, “Football Rakings”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountains Star</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 25 May 1929,
p.3, col.6. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn29" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref29" name="_ftn29" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn29;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[29]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> ‘Dally-B’, “Football Flashes”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 24 August
1923, p.5, col.4. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn30" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref30" name="_ftn30" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn30;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[30]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">‘Lock’, “Football Flashes”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Katoomba Daily</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 18 May 1933,
p.3, col.5, quoting comments from <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Bathurst Times</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn31" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref31" name="_ftn31" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn31;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[31]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Week-End Football: After the Match”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 29 August
1924, p.2, col.4.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn32" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref32" name="_ftn32" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn32;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[32]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Football Flashes”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 19 September
1924, p.3, col.5.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn33" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref33" name="_ftn33" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn33;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[33]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Under the Award: Jacky Brooks’ Wages”,
</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 8
April 1927, p.3, col.4. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn34" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref34" name="_ftn34" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn34;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[34]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Farewell”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Katoomba Daily</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 9 July 1938, p.4, col.5.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn35" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref35" name="_ftn35" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn35;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[35]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Mrs. Lillian
Booby, undated letter and oral history interview (21/10/1992) in the Blue
Mountains City Library’s Local Studies Collection; and “Week-End Football”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Blue Mountain Echo</i>, 29 August 1924,
p.2, col.4; “Football Flashes: Federals vs Springwood”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Blue Mountains Echo</i>, 17 July 1925, p.5, col.1; “Carrington
Staff Ball”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Katoomba Daily</i>, 28
June 1938, p.3, col.6. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn36" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref36" name="_ftn36" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn36;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[36]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> “Mountains Wins”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 8 June 1923,
p.6, col.5; “Football Season”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Blue
Mountain Echo</i>, 22 May 1925, p.5, col.3; “Football”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Blue Mountain Echo</i>, 14 August 1928, p.2, col.3.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn37" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref37" name="_ftn37" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn37;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[37]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> This was told to me during an informal
conversation with the late Springwood historian, </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Jack Maddock,
who worked as a junior reporter on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Katoomba Daily</i> in the early 1930s. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn38" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref38" name="_ftn38" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn38;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[38]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> C </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Tatz. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Aborigines in Sport</i>, Bedford Park SA:
Australian Society for Sports History, 1987, p.5.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn39" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref39" name="_ftn39" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn39;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[39]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Man Hunt”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Blue Mountain Echo</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 22 April 1921, p.1, cols.2-3;
“Capture in a Cave”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Blue Mountain
Echo</i>, 16 May 1924, p.2, col.4. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn40" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref40" name="_ftn40" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn40;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[40]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> J </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Smith, “Katoomba’s
Fringe Dwellers”, in E Stockton, ed. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Blue
Mountains Dreaming: The</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Aboriginal
Heritage</i>, Winmalee, NSW: Three Sisters, 1993, p. 129.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn41" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref41" name="_ftn41" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn41;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[41]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> ‘Karku’, “Boxing”, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The Katoomba Daily</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, 6 April 1933,
p.3, col.5. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn42" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref42" name="_ftn42" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn42;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[42]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Mrs. Lillian
Booby, oral history interview (21/10/1992) in the Blue Mountains City Library’s
Local Studies Collection.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn43" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref43" name="_ftn43" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn43;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[43]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Johnson &
Colless 2002, p.88. Also, Marriage Certificate Walter Woodburne (sic) John
Brooks and Daisy Smith known as Dennis, 19 November 1936. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn44" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref44" name="_ftn44" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn44;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[44]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">For the details
of this, in the words of historian Martin Thomas, rather “tawdry episode in
local government”, see: M Thomas, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Artificial Horizon: Imagining the Blue Mountains</i>, Melbourne: MUP, 2003,
pp.199-207 and Johnson 2009, pp.215-217. The racing circuit was ultimately a
financial disaster. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn45" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///T:/CCS/Community%20Library%20Customer%20Services/Library%20Services/Information%20&%20Support%20services/Local%20Studies/John%20Low%20archive/Black%20%20Blue%20Dory%20Version.doc#_ftnref45" name="_ftn45" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn45;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[45]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">See: J Smith ed.
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Legends of the Blue Mountains Valleys, by
Jimmy Shepherd, retold by Frank Walford, </i>Wentworth Falls: Den Fenella
Press, 2003, pp.64-65.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-57992758656912545442019-12-05T16:42:00.002+11:002019-12-18T10:23:23.596+11:00Blue Mountains District ANZAC Memorial Hospital <br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioZJ5LAq7OJIFtVZT5vZEqJLPmr4rLVG-L_47taSJA55m6tQY3tRh7Lw3oLqEt8sdaOX_dgOkdvyL23qj0uEFHYS2aKOUaMKXI32E4FYp02QfCS8eugKblUcQzYS_A7tthzU6N9yrJaHs/s1600/pf+1345+1+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1266" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioZJ5LAq7OJIFtVZT5vZEqJLPmr4rLVG-L_47taSJA55m6tQY3tRh7Lw3oLqEt8sdaOX_dgOkdvyL23qj0uEFHYS2aKOUaMKXI32E4FYp02QfCS8eugKblUcQzYS_A7tthzU6N9yrJaHs/s320/pf+1345+1+.jpg" width="253" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">View of main entrance, 1986 (PF 1345/1)</span></td></tr>
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<u><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Hospital History</span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The Blue Mountains District Anzac
Memorial Hospital is a rare war memorial in the Blue Mountains designed as a
functional building. The style is typical of the interwar style used for war
memorials throughout the country.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">One of the earliest mentions of a
hospital for the Blue Mountains was in 1895, at the laying of the memorial
stone at the Katoomba Court House. Sir Frederick Darley, Lieutenant Governor
and owner of ‘Lilianfels’ at Echo Point, who performed the ceremony, commented
that "the next building he would like to see erected in Katoomba would be
a cottage hospital, and it would give him even greater pleasure to lay the
memorial stone of one". (The Mountaineer, 10 May 1895) <br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<!--[endif]--></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A
report following the public meeting on 6th May 1919, outlined the need for a
hospital in the area. It was reported that the large proportion of wage-earners
on less than £4 per week who, unless they required surgery, were normally
treated at home. The inefficient nursing provided there by wives or mothers,
prolonged their illness ‘beyond the necessary period’, with needless expense to
the community. More urgent were the surgical cases that were forced to travel
to a metropolitan hospital and too often 'arrived just too late'. The report
concluded, 'expert medical attention in sickness is much more economical for
the community’. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i>This it was thought was only available in
a hospital. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Dr John Allan
was appointed chairman of a committee charged with investigating the necessity
and viability of establishing a district hospital. The committee reported
favourably for a district hospital, and planning went ahead. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR0EQjYVLywNc5kRgpdOrt6iKNdwkL12z5pZ32XPhOv2NVcJhaJh78Gq7QGbZHQk7QF0J1vdxClQT7pwxX5Y-hL86YfljCVCvZtLG3s4SKpHIaeNdtQBy76f4tFBoqUSCMV81S4vLTtQg/s1600/pf+5011+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1230" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR0EQjYVLywNc5kRgpdOrt6iKNdwkL12z5pZ32XPhOv2NVcJhaJh78Gq7QGbZHQk7QF0J1vdxClQT7pwxX5Y-hL86YfljCVCvZtLG3s4SKpHIaeNdtQBy76f4tFBoqUSCMV81S4vLTtQg/s320/pf+5011+.jpg" width="246" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Procession at Lawson in aid of the new Anzac Memorial Hospital 1920<br />Maurice Wood - orderly, Fanny Niven - nurse, Lionel Rose - patient (PF 5011)</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The land for the hospital was a gift from the Lands Department of six
and a half acres. An additional 4 acres 3 roods and 17 perches was transferred
on 21st June 1927 from a donation from the Thomas Fox estate. Local architect Percy
Tabrett estimated between <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">£5,000-£6,000 </span>for the 24 bed hospital. The
hospital committee was to raise one quarter of the funds and the government
agreed to provide 500 pounds per year for upkeep. The Dept. of Public Works,
Government Architects Branch prepared drawings for the cottage hospital in
1925. The Memorial Hall (entrance vestibule) in the Inter War Stripped
Classical style, is an early example of the work of Cobden Parkes. Parkes (1892-1978), was the youngest of five children of Sir Henry Parkes and his
second wife Eleanor, née Dixon; was government architect 1935-1958 and a key
practitioner in the Inter-War Academic Classical style.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The foundation stone for the Blue
Mountains District Anzac Memorial Hospital was laid on 6 October 1925 by the
NSW Governor Sir Dudley de Chair. The building was completed at the beginning
of 1927. To emphasise the memorial nature of the Hospital the vestibule was
lined with memorial tablets recording the names of 139 local soldiers who were
killed in WWI. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMmQwuvhKfvm4vtjhK3_H4610msxslzhTkd5H3LOnxtFZH1VsTIN-baNIm8hVe001b1F6YA3Kxt70abIov8UCtAdBtYt_tPQlUcHcXCnvUr-_j0D_iRbFVCaT38dwrQIrin7_l_IYN-QM/s1600/pf+1345+5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1247" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMmQwuvhKfvm4vtjhK3_H4610msxslzhTkd5H3LOnxtFZH1VsTIN-baNIm8hVe001b1F6YA3Kxt70abIov8UCtAdBtYt_tPQlUcHcXCnvUr-_j0D_iRbFVCaT38dwrQIrin7_l_IYN-QM/s320/pf+1345+5.jpg" width="249" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Memorial tablet unveiled by HRH the Duchess of York (PF 1345/5)</span></td></tr>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
Duchess of York (later Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother) unveiled the memorial
tablets in the "Memorial Hall" and signed the visitor’s book on 31
March, 1927. Due to a lack of confirmation that this event would actually
occur, the guest list was restricted to Board Members. As there was strong
royalist support in the area this act caused much dissension in the local
community and ongoing problems with fundraising. The Blue Mountains District
Anzac Memorial Hospital was the last hospital to be registered under the
Hospitals Partial Incorporations Act (1847) in May 1928. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The first patient was admitted on 23
June 1927, however the hospital was gazetted as a Public Hospital until 5
August that year, and it was not until 3 October 1928 that the Blue Mountain
District Anzac Memorial Hospital was officially opened. This belated ceremony
was performed by the Lieut.-Governor of NSW, Sir William P. Cullen. </span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX2EXyVjyB3XTGNOwnAdABDZXz7wBJ5FgrjdiEvMGpZBF65hzUSMuJw51gziaIkSRbbZkZhKuuIbNgjxgdtmjAGRXUpb2BummxgFyks3vGEQXdA2gFV6n20Yc0gdwiMdlG_tiCi_pfwLE/s1600/pf+573+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="953" data-original-width="1600" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX2EXyVjyB3XTGNOwnAdABDZXz7wBJ5FgrjdiEvMGpZBF65hzUSMuJw51gziaIkSRbbZkZhKuuIbNgjxgdtmjAGRXUpb2BummxgFyks3vGEQXdA2gFV6n20Yc0gdwiMdlG_tiCi_pfwLE/s320/pf+573+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Official Opening 3 October 1928 by Sir William P. Cullen</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">(PF 573)</span></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">When the hospital opened there were 22 beds. These were divided between
gendered public wards, some private accommodation, and an isolation ward. The
staff consisted of Matron Richards, two sisters, six nurses and local medical
officers. Substantial extensions have been built over the years to maintain a
modern facility.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
addition of a private ward in 1934 changed the hospital to a
"community" category, in order to meet the needs of all
socio-economic groups. Continual development on the site and adaptation of the
existing buildings has allowed the hospital to grow and adapt to the ever-changing
local demands and medical requirements. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">By
1936 the average number of patients had doubled to 809 with a daily average of
44. There were 29 beds and additional patients accommodated on open verandahs. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
first intake of nurses completed their training in the Training School in 1941.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRpaaW6oUjKW54ySitueFGkcws0OPOfd8CzWdP3E-DCX4ZIx3fPV_v3wN4fNslfpNj-NM6eRIAJlv85EuUpT6jp6OcIZlk6J9lZl8utA94NB2N0cjVR2T2RTjR4i7-ntRLUvSlnVC6CD0/s1600/pf+3100+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1013" data-original-width="1600" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRpaaW6oUjKW54ySitueFGkcws0OPOfd8CzWdP3E-DCX4ZIx3fPV_v3wN4fNslfpNj-NM6eRIAJlv85EuUpT6jp6OcIZlk6J9lZl8utA94NB2N0cjVR2T2RTjR4i7-ntRLUvSlnVC6CD0/s320/pf+3100+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Bill Davis and his ambulance near the main entrance, 1930s (PF 3100)</span> </td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The
new onsite Maternity Unit ‘Koorana’ was opened in 1945 and all patients were
transferred from the maternity home ‘Kanowna’, the former 1920s guest house in
Leura. This had been opened as an obstetrics ward in 1939, at the insistence of
the Hospitals Commission that local maternity accommodation be provided.</span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvzNl-Vq09DTr9LNeKYGNshC6GEb743qC129pzDzWL2uUlIypd45uFZVuti6NttJWstUxKM59ltrYUdMPNsrJoaVp8JgZQwekj4WP0I0sRFIa9BLs-q60s4PDlc8ksS-QmYM_V5iDLjTY/s1600/19mar1946-03.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvzNl-Vq09DTr9LNeKYGNshC6GEb743qC129pzDzWL2uUlIypd45uFZVuti6NttJWstUxKM59ltrYUdMPNsrJoaVp8JgZQwekj4WP0I0sRFIa9BLs-q60s4PDlc8ksS-QmYM_V5iDLjTY/s320/19mar1946-03.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">HRH Duke of Gloucester and Mayor W Freelander at rear, <br />Duchess and Matron Taylor in front, at the opening of extensions <br />19 March 1946. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The one-armed man on the right is Major Michael Babbington Hawkins, </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">A.D.C. to the Governor-General, the Duke of Gloucester. (PF 2997-14)</span></td></tr>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In 1944 a new nurse’s home was built and
extended in 1959. In 1946, a new Boiler House, Laundry, X-ray, Admin. Block, Pathology and Mortuary were officially opened by HRH Duke of Gloucester. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The site increased in size when Council donated the
adjoining block on the north in 1953 and in 1963 the 'rest park' on the Western
Road.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN6Eq6-JiCx8D3t8UUk8DhIwOVtBr5kyYoFNQwL314BSwbM1fOIMkhA7Tra9U7D4_Pq2qBPRQJeUdMHEpwtOL_ZQTqZL2P95PiNlIT0ep38uFWfkPJsRfTANJ_fx4xOiW7OyQEbE3UR_4/s1600/2644868056_28a9ff9cba_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1024" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN6Eq6-JiCx8D3t8UUk8DhIwOVtBr5kyYoFNQwL314BSwbM1fOIMkhA7Tra9U7D4_Pq2qBPRQJeUdMHEpwtOL_ZQTqZL2P95PiNlIT0ep38uFWfkPJsRfTANJ_fx4xOiW7OyQEbE3UR_4/s320/2644868056_28a9ff9cba_o.jpg" width="204" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: 115%;">Official opening of new extensions by HRH Duke of Gloucester<br />with PM Ben Chifley, 19 March, 1946 (PF 2997-7)</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">There were substantial renovations in
the 1960s, with the Children’s Ward redecorated and named the LC Taylor Ward in
honour of Matron Taylor (1961), a blood bank attached to the hospital (1962), the
Medical and Surgical Ward established and named Freelander Ward (1963),
extensions to the Outpatients Dept. completed (1968) and Kitchen and dining
Room renovations completed (1969).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In the 1970s the Rehabilitation Unit was
opened (1974) and East wing with 48 new beds and space for administration was opened
(1976).</span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p><br />Stage 2 boiler house was completed (1980),
Children’s Ward was moved to Spellacy Ward, and the Area Health Board was
established (1984).</o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In the 1990s Maternity Ward was
refurbished (1990), High Dependency Unit was officially opened by the Hon. Nick
Greiner (1991), Palliative Care Unit opened (1992), new children’s Ward
officially opened (1994), and other substantial new buildings, including in
1998 a new operating theatre, emergency outpatients and pathology. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir7D_qKnPYiaxOW8beRn6yvkUM2_9WoTWE5-O2XjVAWFzxQkC24pIiANTgl1Nex_nBQd7WjfvtKRiifjuA-H923Wj8xQadfn5ZV93qtkI2UpHDRaJM7VaVM6JAATz7j9PkC9rpySVDydI/s1600/pf+69-24+sister+dwyer+1960s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1229" data-original-width="1600" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir7D_qKnPYiaxOW8beRn6yvkUM2_9WoTWE5-O2XjVAWFzxQkC24pIiANTgl1Nex_nBQd7WjfvtKRiifjuA-H923Wj8xQadfn5ZV93qtkI2UpHDRaJM7VaVM6JAATz7j9PkC9rpySVDydI/s320/pf+69-24+sister+dwyer+1960s.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">S<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">ister P Weaver, nee Dwyer and trainee nurses 1960s</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The nurses are identified as L Scanlon, S Clark, and S Smith. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On the right is the autoclave next to the bed pans (PF 69/24)</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The 2000s saw a $12.5 million
redevelopment commenced with the Hydrotherapy Pool (2003), Helipad, new
Kitchen, Dental rooms, Women and Children’s Health Unit (2005), 15 bed Mental
Health Unit, and 11 bed Swing Ward (2006).</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In May 2019 the Indigenous Healing
Garden was opened in the hospital grounds. Built with sandstone and surrounded
by native plants, the garden includes a fire pit to be used for smoking
ceremonies, reflecting the elements of fire and water, earth and air. Its
design was influenced by the community, including advice from Aunty Sue Tate
and Aunty Sharryn Halls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">The year 2020 will mark the 95th
anniversary of the laying of Blue Mountains District ANZAC Memorial Hospital
foundation stone. The hospital has a proud history of servicing the local
community’s health and well being needs and is the State’s only remaining Anzac
Memorial hospital.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV9QfZBK6YjSUaIeuPgzKwPLYci8ZNE5Z-6VoJwTlj5_CvIGXCBtVQdmj91YIjUiNklxAUEfJM9ewvyQQGvq6fj1LXlPCcoupjWi5jy78UQdQLM-uOsObHPo1IK9Jzc8liFAdN2ELZO4w/s1600/mayor+ern+eslie%252C+matron+timms%252C+clr+thelma+murphy+1967-9+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1532" data-original-width="916" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV9QfZBK6YjSUaIeuPgzKwPLYci8ZNE5Z-6VoJwTlj5_CvIGXCBtVQdmj91YIjUiNklxAUEfJM9ewvyQQGvq6fj1LXlPCcoupjWi5jy78UQdQLM-uOsObHPo1IK9Jzc8liFAdN2ELZO4w/s320/mayor+ern+eslie%252C+matron+timms%252C+clr+thelma+murphy+1967-9+.jpg" width="191" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 150.6pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mayor Ern Leslie with
Matron Timms and Councillor Thelma Murphy, 1976</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><u style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Landscape History</span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Prior
to colonial settlement, the landscape consisted of stands of white Eucalyptus
with an abundance of lower storey native flora. Until 1925 the land was
designated as a council quarry reserve and a small sandstone quarry operated
near the comer of Woodlands Road and the Great Western Highway. The council tip was located along the Great Western Highway boundary. The
contents of the tip were supposedly "excavated" prior to the</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">erection
of the hospital. However, the gardeners continue to find remnants under the
soil such as stone bottles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">By
1927 the land had been filled and levelled by Viv Collis, a local contractor,
using horse drawn scoops. Reportedly the only vegetation on the site were
several mature Eucalypti along the Great Western Highway boundary, some of
which are extant. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">In
1928 landscaping was the main priority, the grounds being described as 'a scene
of desolation that must be extremely depressing to patients and entirely out of
harmony with the hospital buildings'. It was recommended hospital practice at
the time to landscape the grounds between the buildings to create soothing
views to assist patients' recovery. The Hospital Committee prepared a plan and
was fortunate in receiving donations of plants. These included 540 roses
donated by Messrs Hazelwood Bros of Epping; a large number of shrubs and trees
from the Botanical Gardens and various plants and bulbs donated by local
residents. A permanent gardener and temporary assistant were employed at a cost
£227 for the year.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
main entrance was located in Woodlands Road and a sweeping carriageway passed
in front of the Memorial Hall and exited the site on the Great Western Highway.
At this time, the extant avenue of mature plane trees, near the Memorial Hall,
were planted along this original carriageway. In 1930 the
entrance gates were relocated to the Great Western Highway. The section of the
carriageway in front of the Memorial Hospital entrance was named "The
Thomas James Cole Memorial Drive" in 1950. Brick piers for the exit gates
were erected in 1951. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR3ZY3SQs3o0ej7atnVcHH2cVgLJbUuX8CiiiaHBM53CfhAhR1w8HjHgklLt4I-o86XsrZInUtgYzpoz49fXASTBYSJa0EsSCngHQzqQFryg2cIiyGUx2LK73BQWj4a3MOYXnw8uUROoY/s1600/pf+80+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1247" data-original-width="1600" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR3ZY3SQs3o0ej7atnVcHH2cVgLJbUuX8CiiiaHBM53CfhAhR1w8HjHgklLt4I-o86XsrZInUtgYzpoz49fXASTBYSJa0EsSCngHQzqQFryg2cIiyGUx2LK73BQWj4a3MOYXnw8uUROoY/s320/pf+80+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Aerial view showing driveways and plantings early 1950s</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">(PF 80)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">In
1966 the gardens were redesigned and rejuvenated under the supervision of Hon.
Adviser Dr A. L. North, a Macquarie Street ophthalmologist, who had a weekender
at Sublime Point and later retired to the mountains. As a Hospital Board
Member, with a great passion for gardening, he was also responsible for
initiating the Leura Garden Competition. At the request of the Katoomba R.S.L., Dr
North designed the Memorial Garden for World War 2 servicemen, located near the
Education Centre. Ex-servicemen provided the volunteer labour. The gardens
were highly commended in the 1968 Sydney Morning Herald Garden Competition.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Roy
Timmings was the head gardener at the hospital c.1948- c.1972. He came from a
family of gardeners, his father being the head gardener at the Carrington Hotel
for many years. Billy Campbell (b.1927 -) was raised near the hospital and can
remember the site from the early 1930's. He became head gardener in 1969 and
managed the gardens, with the help of one assistant, for 31 years.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">After
the erection of the Main Ward (1981) most of the garden on southern section of
the site was destroyed. Billy redesigned this area and constructed all the dry
stone walls on the site. A variety of conifers were planted for the contrasting
colours and for low maintenance. However, Billy encouraged rapid growth by hard
pruning. He reports the conifers would double in size each year if trimmed
correctly. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
dry stone walls were erected with stone from a quarry at Wentworth Falls,
carefully selected and delivered by Stan Johnson. Although self-taught, the craftsmanship
in the stonework is of extremely high quality. Unfortunately many of the walls
have since been removed, particularly to the north of the Main Ward (B5) and
under the new Emergency Ward.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Several
members of the local community, including Dr North, Mr Spellacy and Mr Bill
Jensen, were also members of the Leura Garden Festival Committee. This forged a
close link between the hospital and The Leura Gardens Festival, which
persists to the present day. The Festival Committee has
constantly supported the hospital by donating large sums for hospital
equipment, the relocation of the Children's ward, the Palliative Care ward and
the High Dependency ward.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Blue Mountains District Anzac Memorial Hospital has long been held in high regard by many members of the local community, who do not hesitate to spring to its defence whenever changes to funding, governance or staffing appear to threaten its proud tradition of service.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">*****</span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">John Merriman, </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Local Studies Librarian</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span class="MsoHyperlink" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">All images are from the Local Studies collection</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span class="MsoHyperlink" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><u>Acknowledgements</u></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><u><br /></u></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; white-space: pre-line;">Conservation management plan for The Blue Mountains District Memorial Hospital - </span><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="white-space: pre-line;">Conybeare Morrison & Partners 1999. NSW Dept. of Public Works.</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><u>References and Links:</u></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Heritage listing - </span></span><br />
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=1170006">http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=1170006</a></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Hospital website - <a href="https://www.nbmlhd.health.nsw.gov.au/blue-mountains-hospital/about">https://www.nbmlhd.health.nsw.gov.au/blue-mountains-hospital/about</a></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<u style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Newspaper Articles</u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span>
<span style="background: white; font-family: "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;">"KANOWNA," LEURA." (1921, April
14). <i>The Catholic Press (Sydney, NSW : 1895 - 1942)</i>, p. 40.
Retrieved December 5, 2019, from </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="background: white; font-family: "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article106266487">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article106266487</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;">KATOOMBA HOSPITAL. (1939, April 3). <i>The
Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954)</i>, p. 13. Retrieved December 5,
2019, from </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="background: white; font-family: "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17571022">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17571022</a><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><br /></span>
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Opening of the Healing Garden - </span><a href="https://www.bluemountainsgazette.com.au/story/6130414/sowing-the-seeds-for-healing-at-blue-mountains-hospital/" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;">https://www.bluemountainsgazette.com.au/story/6130414/sowing-the-seeds-for-healing-at-blue-mountains-hospital/</a></span><br />
<br /></div>
Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-56789861192308728772018-08-08T16:08:00.004+10:002019-07-02T14:17:35.572+10:00Searching for Echoes in the Blue Mountains <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMcdFAXER4wi6jI55Pr0SJZbxfO67cB53Dy47fuxFPKKVJSFochTtRqQAKRfFE1-Krmch_BTfG0R-rPfxcvG4gOFLEQ72CXGRYhU3MQXjjAA392rTEGAAFOIs_HCeFvkL9rbdcnMrromA/s1600/echo+point+gardens+1963+ed.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMcdFAXER4wi6jI55Pr0SJZbxfO67cB53Dy47fuxFPKKVJSFochTtRqQAKRfFE1-Krmch_BTfG0R-rPfxcvG4gOFLEQ72CXGRYhU3MQXjjAA392rTEGAAFOIs_HCeFvkL9rbdcnMrromA/s320/echo+point+gardens+1963+ed.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="font-size: 12.8px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Echo Point gardens 1964 (Blue Mountains Library, Local Studies Collection)</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">An <u><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Echo</span></u> is a <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">reflection</span> of sound that arrives at
the listener with a delay after the direct sound. The delay is proportional to
the distance of the reflecting surface from the source and the listener.
Typical examples are the echo produced by the bottom of a well, by a building,
or by the walls of an enclosed room and an empty room. A true echo is a single
reflection of the sound source.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echo_(mythology)" title="Echo (mythology)"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Echo</span></a> in<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Greek mythology is a mountain nymph whose
ability to speak was cursed, only able to repeat the last words anyone spoke to
her. Some animals use echo for location sensing and navigation, such as <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">cetaceans</span> (dolphins
and whales) and bats.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">The human
ear cannot distinguish an echo from the original direct sound if the delay is
less than 1/10 of a second. The velocity of sound in dry air is
approximately 343 m/s at a temperature of 25 °C. Therefore, the
reflecting object must be more than 17.2m from the sound source for
echo to be perceived by a person located at the source. When a sound produces
an echo in two seconds, the reflecting object is 343m away. In
nature, canyon walls or rock cliffs facing water are the most common natural
settings for producing and hearing echoes. The strength of echo is frequently
measured in <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">dB</span> sound
pressure level (SPL) relative to the directly transmitted wave. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Cooee!</span></u> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">/</span><span style="text-decoration: none;">ˈ</span><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">ku</span><span style="text-decoration: none;">ː</span><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">i</span><span style="text-decoration: none;">ː</span><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">/</span></a>) is a shout used in <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Australia</span>,
usually in <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">the bush</span>, to attract attention, find missing people, or
indicate one's own location. When done correctly—loudly and shrilly—a call of ‘Cooee’
can carry over a considerable distance. The distance one's Cooee call
travels can be a matter of competitive pride. It is also known as a call of
help, which can blend in with different natural sounds in the bush.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Cooee was among
the first Aboriginal words taken into English by the First Fleeters, it
comes from the Dharug word ‘guu-wii’,
literally "come here", but the Europeans noted early in the
piece that the Dharug used it as a shrill call to communicate over long
distances. It was also the traditional call to test for an echo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">The
word <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Cooee,</span> has
become a name of many organisations, places and even events. Perhaps the most
historic of these was the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowball_marches" title="Snowball marches"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Cooee March</span></a> during
the <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">First World War</span>. It was staged by 35 men
from <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Gilgandra</span>, <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">New South
Wales</span>, 766 km (476 mi) northwest of <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sydney</span>,
as a recruiting drive after enthusiasm for the war waned in 1915 with the
first <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">casualty</span> lists. They marched to Sydney
calling ‘Cooee!’ to encourage others to come and enlist. A poster read ‘Coo-ee
– Won't you come?’. When they reached Sydney on 12 December, the group had
grown to 277. To this day, Gilgandra holds a yearly Cooee Festival in October
to commemorate the event. Other Cooee Festivals occur across Australia.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: inherit;">Echoing
Places<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">LAWSON<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">At North
Lawson Park an <u>Echo Point</u> is located on <u>Echo Bluff</u> which is a
headland between Dantes Glen and Frederika Falls overlooking the Empire Pass
walking track. <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">The Mountaineer
newspaper reported in August 1896:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">For some time past the Progress Committee has been engaged in opening
up a new sight on the North side called Echo Point. A first class track has
been made to the lookout which embraces a magnificent view of the gorge looking
towards Mount Hay and Mount King George.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">By March
1915 the Lawson attraction was well established as the Nepean Times reported in
March:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lawson just now is quiet — an ordinary, but
not an extraordinary number of visitors appearing. "Glow- worm"
parties appear to be at a discount; black-berrying parties have also had their
day and ceased to be. As a substitute, a walk in the moon-light to Echo Point
has been suggested as the next best. Possibly given the walk, the moonlight,
and the company, Echo Point, or any other given spot might be unnecessary.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">GLENBROOK<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Glenbrook
also had its <u>Echo Point</u>, now known as Tunnel View Lookout. As the Nepean
Times reported in January 1911, just prior to the opening of the new railway
deviation:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">A favourite spot, known as <u>Echo
Point</u>, facing the well-known Bluff in Glenbrook Creek, is likely to be
shortly resumed by the Government as an area for public use. This area, which
comprises about 100 acres, is so situated that a glorious view of the
mountains, of the Nepean, and of the picturesque country through which the new
railway line will pass, can be enjoyed. The local Improvement Association has
given the matter special attention, and it is within the bounds of likelihood
that the area will shortly be gazetted as a reserve for public use. Mr Hall,
Government surveyor, and his staff are installed at Glenbrook, and surveys are
being made. It is not unlikely that a large area, including the beautiful Blue
Pool (the local swimming bath and picnic spot) will be included with Echo Point
in one large reservation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">There is a
clear echo from this location which bounces off the Bluff Reserve on the opposite
side of Glenbrook Gorge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As shown by the
above quote it was known as Echo Point prior to 1911.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBAP2fi7J1xcEROQczCD_l-7Un4JVou5f6avIpzXvRfiilRSY_rlYMp33SGgZMEPw6q4oypL6dS64aUuPDeSAl7XSOzEYGHXUMH5eUipTPH6bibeHyzDWNXAbe2WKiyg3TMsLDbEAFgaw/s1600/img066+ed+2+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" data-original-height="965" data-original-width="1600" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBAP2fi7J1xcEROQczCD_l-7Un4JVou5f6avIpzXvRfiilRSY_rlYMp33SGgZMEPw6q4oypL6dS64aUuPDeSAl7XSOzEYGHXUMH5eUipTPH6bibeHyzDWNXAbe2WKiyg3TMsLDbEAFgaw/s320/img066+ed+2+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Annie Wegner and friend at Double Echo Point Feb. 1934,</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Hydro Majestic in background. (<span style="font-size: 12.8px;">Photo Blue Mountains Library, Local Studies Collection)</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span></span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px;"><br /></span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">SHIPLEY</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u>Double
Echo Point</u> is located on the Shipley plateau behind the original Shipley
tea rooms and was first mentioned in the Blackheath Beacon newspaper in December
1930:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">SOME SCENIC SIGHTS OF SHIPLEY<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">TWO DISTINCT ECHOES.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Another spot which lures the tourist to Blackheath is the famed Double
Echo Point, which possesses two distinct echoes. From this point a magnificent
view of the great Valley of Megalong, as well as a glimpse of the Hydro
Majestic at Medlow, is obtainable.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">The Shipley Tea Rooms were constructed
about 1935 by Eric Longton. Eric was the eldest<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">son of Robert Longton, who had been one
of the first settlers in the Shipley area in 1892. The Tea Rooms were in
existence in 1928 and were redeveloped in 1933. Eric Longton<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">would almost certainly have been a
member of the Shipley Progress Association that<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">attempted to develop a local tourism
industry to sell jams and fruit to visitors. One of the<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">aims was to build tracks to 'sights' on
the plateau, but these appear to have been fairly basic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">constructions. The most impressive and
successful one was to Double Echo Point, within<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">the grounds of the Tea Rooms.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Right through the upper Blue Mountains
local entrepreneurs had built tea rooms near track<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">heads. In this case, it is almost
certain that Longton would have built this track to attract<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">people to the tea room. The first
located reference to Double Echo Point is from 1930. The<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">name of the lookout is an interesting
reference to unusual acoustic properties of loud sounds<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">projected from the lookout, and may
have also involved a wry reference to Katoomba's<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">[single] Echo Point.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">In about 1996, the owner of the Shipley
Tea Rooms erected a gate at the entrance to this<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">track, felled trees across it and
erected 'keep out' signs. Safety considerations were cited as<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">the reason for closing the track.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">MOUNT VICTORIA<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Echoing Gully</span></u><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"> and creek is located in an known as
Girraween between Valhalla Head and Thor Head, the creek flows north into the
Grose River, Mount Victoria. It was named by George Brown and Stan McGaghey
when bushwalking in the area in 1948. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaWxcFc2tk9LI-B3ZE9yByyitFNP4oI-P4LJC1KiwIVtjF5QHQbIlu_s1qoZ9ORUvzW9XQbHJY8N8jWPeu8Pr2s0jPz9f1UhjFt0A_Vbi_OxL6NyTXCcEf6b4zBySar45ZjPBmGLNohhc/s1600/echo+tree+c1890+henry+king+maas+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1222" data-original-width="1600" height="244" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaWxcFc2tk9LI-B3ZE9yByyitFNP4oI-P4LJC1KiwIVtjF5QHQbIlu_s1qoZ9ORUvzW9XQbHJY8N8jWPeu8Pr2s0jPz9f1UhjFt0A_Vbi_OxL6NyTXCcEf6b4zBySar45ZjPBmGLNohhc/s320/echo+tree+c1890+henry+king+maas+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The Echo Tree 1890, Henry King photo, courtesy MAAS </span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">KATOOMBA</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">The </span><a href="https://collection.maas.museum/object/31145"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Echo
Tree</span></a><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">, with
its associated lookout, was located on the Prince Henry Cliff Walk below the
original kiosk above Leura Cascades, and near Kiah Lookout. About the time it
was photographed by Henry King, the Katoomba Times of 1889 described it as: “the
Echo Tree - On brow of Leura Falls.” <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">It even had poetry dedicated to it: <i>The
Daily Telegraph </i>July 1900:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 24.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">The Leura Falls,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Where
gaily calls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">The Echo
at the Tree -<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">'Tis
Natures plan,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">To teach
a man<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">It's
wrong to saucy be.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">The <u>Echo
Point complex</u> at Katoomba contains: a small cave within the first sister
known as Echo Point Lookout, Echo Point Park now known as Echo Park, and the
main lookout containing the Drum lookout (2003) which replaced a series of
earlier lookouts above Queen Elizabeth Lookout - named in 1954 in connection
with the Royal Tour, and the Projecting Platform - opened 1932. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_p8zWjxkJsP6XayPrzDhbHtIK4x6_EDYIsIO7ZIG4Evqcaf0U86b5GgE-tszrGMi51K015ffCG3kiy_CIp_DAKzC1NwRBxvyenZb_2ArRVFGHoAX7DDf5tOl-2X-zo8L8SVZNTalQEh8/s1600/pf977+WG1938+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1024" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_p8zWjxkJsP6XayPrzDhbHtIK4x6_EDYIsIO7ZIG4Evqcaf0U86b5GgE-tszrGMi51K015ffCG3kiy_CIp_DAKzC1NwRBxvyenZb_2ArRVFGHoAX7DDf5tOl-2X-zo8L8SVZNTalQEh8/s320/pf977+WG1938+copy.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The Projecting Platform, by Wal Green 1940s (<span style="font-size: 12.8px;">Photo Blue Mountains Library, Local Studies Collection)</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">The descriptive name for the
geographical feature Echo Point is shown in the 1894 Railway Guide map for the
Katoomba district. In March 1892 The Katoomba Times reported that the municipal
council had decided a track to Echo Point was to be made from Lurline
Street.</span><span style="background-color: transparent;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Ald. Goyder moved — "That an estimate be obtained of the cost of
forming a track from the end of Lurline-street to Echo Point.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Ald. Mullany seconded. Carried. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Katoomba Times </span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1892<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Maurice Skeen was employed on the
maintenance staff of Katoomba Municipal Council about 1913 and carried out the
original development of the lookout area. Many smaller lookout points, stairs.
shelters and nooks were added over the years.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">In the 1930s a number of cement picnic
shelters were constructed above the main lookout and in the adjacent Echo Park.
Formed by rendering layers of cement over a wire frame, they have survived
remarkably well. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<u><span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The Echo's Pointed Absence<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">In 1993 the Sydney Morning Herald’s Column 8
asked whether 'Echo Point' was a misnomer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The article charged that when a Herald
colleague recently let out a hearty Cooee at Echo Point, the only response
received was suspicion from all present.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A suggestion was made that the Echo Point Cooee
has been replaced ". . .with the sound of giant tourist coaches running
their air-conditioning, and until last week, joyflight helicopters."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">John Low, of Springwood Library, said that
the echoless Echo Point controversy is not new.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Mr Low said that the debate's last
occurrence was in December, 1987.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">He produced letters published in the Gazette
during that time, showing numerous responses to a tourist's complaint in a
Sydney newspaper regarding a distinct lack of echo at the point.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Television news crews and press journalists
flocked to Katoomba to investigate and provide stories.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">In the Blue Mountains Gazette of December
12, 1987, local tourist coach operator, John Cronshaw had likened an echo to a rainbow, which is visible only
when certain physical circumstances occur. Mr Cronshaw wrote that the two most
important factors at Echo Point are wind velocity and background noise.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The noise of traffic and people will drown
out the sound of the echo, as will the comment,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">'Did you hear that?' <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">‘The lack of background noise is crucial,’
wrote Mr Cronshaw. ‘Perhaps the BMTA should rename Echo Point to Frustration
Point, and while they are doing that, change the name of the Blue Mountains to
that of the Blue Valleys.’<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span>
</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFsrE13BkXLaioNTm3tOURzrlEe-_xIMTFSm2okghJIYBEGxCj0O3WfrFWZaS0W_nkkui-_JoQ4sK5LsgUqxxGhVDwEiEvXygAyPM8JwKdKKDaLkvtvmEYjpd6rs3OQTLV2YhVI7ZQHZs/s1600/img045.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" data-original-height="984" data-original-width="1600" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFsrE13BkXLaioNTm3tOURzrlEe-_xIMTFSm2okghJIYBEGxCj0O3WfrFWZaS0W_nkkui-_JoQ4sK5LsgUqxxGhVDwEiEvXygAyPM8JwKdKKDaLkvtvmEYjpd6rs3OQTLV2YhVI7ZQHZs/s320/img045.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Early Echo Point postcard,</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px;">(Photo Blue Mountains Library, Local Studies Collection)</span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px;"><br /></span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">On a humorous
note, in 1998 the Sun-Herald published a letter from a correspondent <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ellis Glover of Waverton:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">As I recall, Labor Premier Joe Cahill …when the
Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh visited Echo Point during their first Australian
tour. Cahill's itinerary for the royals was to steer them to Labor-held
electorates or, if they weren't held by Labor, to send one of his ministers as
official greeter. Thus it was that on a perfect day, as the Queen and her party
stepped off the special train at Katoomba station, they were greeted not by the
mayor and his town clerk but by Education Minister Clive Evatt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The mayor had lodged a protest when it was
learned that Evatt would be the official greeter, but to no avail. Evatt then
introduced the mayor and town clerk, wearing their robes of office. The
official party then went by car to Echo Point, which was packed with thousands
of schoolchildren and adults waving small Union Jacks.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A few paces behind the party walked Gordon Short,
a senior photographer for <i>The Sydney Morning Herald. </i>The late ‘Shortie’
was the pool photographer for the day and I am indebted to him for this story.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">As the party walked towards Echo Point, Evatt
told the Queen: ‘Your Majesty, this area is noted for its echo. That is why it
is called Echo Point.’</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">‘Not really,’ interjected the town clerk. ‘It is
a bit of a misnomer, really. The echo here is not very good, actually.’</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">‘Rubbish,’ said Evatt and let off a loud ‘Cooee’.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">His effort raised no response from Echo Point.
He let go another ‘Cooee’.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Shortie, a few paces behind the royal party, decided
to help out. After a studied pause, he replied to Evatt's effort with a <i>sotto
voce ‘</i>Cooee’.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">‘There, did you hear that?’ he asked everyone.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The Queen and the Duke looked at each other and
grinned. Evatt let another one go and Shortie obliged after a studied delay.
Evatt could not contain himself. He Cooeed another four or five times and
Shortie obliged on each occasion. Evatt was beside himself- and so were the
other members of the party.” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sun-Herald
15/3/1998</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The final word goes to Local historian Jim
Smith, who wrote to the Blue Mountains Gazette in December 16, 1987.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">"The apparent lack of
an echo at Katoomba's Echo Point has been a subject of comment for at least
three quarters of a century.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">In an hilarious article in The Daily Telegraph
of 1922, Bulletin cartoonist Hal Eyre described his attempts to get an echo
there. He ‘had never met anyone who had actually had a reply.’ He ‘had the
impression that it was just a name given to create interest; that it was an illusion.’
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">There was ‘hearsay evidence aplenty but no one
in the presence of a witness had tested it and received a reply.’ Eventually
Eyre's cabby, Blue Mountains poet Harry Peckman was asked to demonstrate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Peckman ‘emitted a Cooee in a shrill tone,
surprising in its volume and clarity.’ Eventually there was a reply ‘faint but
clear’ — ‘in a feminine voice.’</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Eyre concluded: ‘There is a genuine echo in
proper working order, which answers back in a weird uncanny voice.’</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">In 1934 the Katoomba Daily carried this advice:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One often hears the complaint that the name,
Echo Point, is a misnomer, owing to the failure of tourists to evoke an echo
with their Cooees and shouts. The truth is that the echo at this spot is one of
the most remarkable in the world. It is necessary to face the west, then give a
long, loud Cooee and wait patiently. Perhaps two minutes later, faint but
distinct, echo returns from the depths of Kanimbla Valley beyond the
intervening Narrow Neck promontory.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">The local historian Jim Smith wrote in 1987: </span></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Two minutes is an awfully long time to the impatient
tourist of today.</span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">More immediate gratification and considerably
louder echoes can be had at numerous other points. Few tourists know of the
other Echo Point in North Lawson Park. The echo here is far more impressive
than Katoomba's.</span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"></span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">How many of today's walkers know of the Echo
Tree Lookout below the Fork 'n' View restaurant, once the grail of echo
seekers.</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">My personal favourite echo is found along the
Pinnacles track out towards the Grose from Mt Hay Road. Here a Cooee sent
facing towards the head of the Grose River is thrown back over your shoulder
from the opposite direction.</span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"></span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Echo connoisseurs will no doubt continue to shout
from the clifftops. Perhaps as their ears strain for their reply, they may hear
something more significant than the sound of their own voices." <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">BMG 16/12/1987</i></span></blockquote>
</div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">The Cooee call itself is now heard less and less in the bush. As the historian Richard White has noted:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Federation seized on a word that symbolically encompassed the whole of Australia, and its popularity rose to the point where there were calls for three cheers to be replaced with three 'coo-ees'. In the First World War, the number of coo-ee songs swelled as it joined the chorus of recruitment numbers and ballads reminding troops of home. </span></blockquote>
<div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">In the decades that followed, 'coo-ee' became something of an echo of its former self. Its place in everyday language declined, and it's not clear whether coming generations will give voice to the word. However some exceptions can be heard, suggesting it's a call close to the hearts of many in their relationship with family and land.</span></blockquote>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><b>John
Merriman, Local Studies Librarian, 2018 </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: inherit;">References
& Further Reading<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Blue
Mountains Geographical Dictionary, Brian Fox 2006<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: inherit;">Links<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Cooee – <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooee">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooee</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/archived/hindsight/cooee-the-history-of-a-call/3162216" target="_blank">Cooee: the historyof a call</a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<a href="http://bmlocalstudies.blogspot.com/search/label/cooee%20march" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The Cooee March 1915</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Echo - <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echo">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echo</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Echo tree - <a href="https://collection.maas.museum/object/31146">https://collection.maas.museum/object/31146</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<a href="http://bmlocalstudies.blogspot.com/search/label/felixman" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The Felixman of Echo Point</span></a><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Shipley Tea
Rooms - <a href="http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=1170665">http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=1170665</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Echo Point in Dictionary of Sydney by Delia
Falconer 2016 - </span><a href="https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/echo_point"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/echo_point</span></a><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><span style="font-family: inherit;">Newspapers<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">BEAUTIFUL
BLACKHEATH (1930, December 11). <i>The Blackheath Bulletin (Katoomba, NSW
: 1926; 1929 - 1931)</i>, p. 1. Retrieved May 3, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article189713991">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article189713991</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Courageous
Rescue (1949, August 31). <i>Barrier Daily Truth (Broken Hill, NSW : 1908;
1941 - 1954)</i>, p. 1. Retrieved May 10, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article141537783">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article141537783</a><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Glenbrook (1911, January 21). <i>Nepean Times (Penrith, NSW : 1882 - 1962)</i>, p. 3. Retrieved April 27, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article101304395">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article101304395</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">IN SUSPENSE
(1932, March 26). <i>The Katoomba Daily (NSW : 1920 - 1939)</i>, p. 1.
Retrieved July 20, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190129521">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190129521</a>
<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">KATOOMBA. (1889, November 16). Katoomba Times (NSW : 1889 - 1894), p. 4. Retrieved May 4, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194117404">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194117404</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Katoomba Municipal Council. (1892, March 4). <i>Katoomba Times (NSW : 1889 - 1894)</i>, p. 3. Retrieved May 4, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194112800">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194112800</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Lawson.
(1896, August 14). <i>The Mountaineer (Katoomba, NSW : 1894 - 1908)</i>, p.
3. Retrieved April 27, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194842319">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194842319</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Lawson
(1915, March 6). <i>Nepean Times (Penrith, NSW : 1882 - 1962)</i>, p. 3.
Retrieved April 27, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86171239">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86171239</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Original
Poetry. (1900, July 20). <i>The Mountaineer (Katoomba, NSW : 1894 - 1908)</i>,
p. 2. Retrieved May 4, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194840512">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194840512</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">ON THE HILLS
(1922, September 26). <i>The Daily Telegraph (Sydney, NSW : 1883 - 1930)</i>,
p. 4. Retrieved April 24, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article245773123">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article245773123</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">QUEEN WAS
DELIGHTED WITH BLUE MOUNTAINS (1954, February 13). <i>Daily Examiner
(Grafton, NSW : 1915 - 1954)</i>, p. 1. Retrieved April 24, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article195513377">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article195513377</a>
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Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-91768650219338125772018-07-12T11:52:00.002+10:002018-07-12T15:09:07.819+10:00Dr John Spark, (1853-1910) Katoomba’s First Doctor<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDxT8Sl_1UZf4nmNnDzFXP_5UAdtj5ZrHXcJGLV2lC2345Ypy7yakw6NEwjX1n_VuSvhxHcxmlcqeHEUGMkrTHP-mOaz_ZkgeSQrfgUwPbDMmIhtcorYGk6H7Be7Xw360aUQqdkNZgEa4/s1600/spark+1924-5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1525" data-original-width="1097" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDxT8Sl_1UZf4nmNnDzFXP_5UAdtj5ZrHXcJGLV2lC2345Ypy7yakw6NEwjX1n_VuSvhxHcxmlcqeHEUGMkrTHP-mOaz_ZkgeSQrfgUwPbDMmIhtcorYGk6H7Be7Xw360aUQqdkNZgEa4/s320/spark+1924-5.jpg" width="230" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dr Spark’s official Katoomba Municipal Council photo 1893. Image courtesy Blue Mountains Historical Society</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">John
Spark was born at Twickenham, Middlesex on August 8th, 1853, where his father
held an extensive medical practice. John was the eldest son of a family of
eight born to John and Emma née Pool, and with his sister Fanny, were the only
survivors of childhood. At the age of 14, he lost his father, and was trained
for the medical profession by his father's friends. He showed aptitude, and at
the age of 18 was dispensing for a doctor with a large city practice.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;">Dr Spark,</span> <span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;">Lic. Soc. Apoth. Lond. 1875, M.R.C.S. Eng. 1875, trained at </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Bartholomew%27s_Hospital">St
Bartholomew's Hospita</a>l</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;">, gained the Licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries and was admitted
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons. Later, at High Holborn, he conducted
the city branch of a prominent West End doctor's practice, retaining the
position for over seven years. He then went to Devonshire for a year, but the
climate not suiting him, he took several trips to Australia and South America. Aged
30, he arrived in Australia as ship’s surgeon on the Lusitania in 1884, and within
a year had established himself in Katoomba, being the only medical practitioner
on the Mountains at the time (<i>Obituary. 5
March 1910,</i> <i>Blue Mountain Echo).</i> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">According to the marriage certificate, in 1893 aged 39, John Spark married Johanna Cashman,
24, at St Mary’s Cathedral, Sydney. She was a farmer’s daughter from Co. Cork
Ireland. They went on to have seven children, all born in Katoomba. They were: Iris
1895, James 1897, Beatrice 1899, John 1900, Joan 1904, Edward 1905, Sheila
1907. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In 1889 he advertised that he had moved to ‘St.
Cyrus’ opposite the Carrington Hotel, near Katoomba Station, where he could be
consulted daily. He could also be consulted at: Lawson at the Blue Mountain Inn
on Wednesdays at 3 p.m., Wentworth Falls at Mr Gale's Store on Wednesdays at 4
p m and Blackheath at Victoria House on Thursdays at 11.30 a.m. Although his
headstone reads SPARKE, he signed his name SPARK and his newspaper
advertisement used the latter spelling.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjL8bxo1YoUxUbpgwoBHsIb5O-uo4tK2EAY5bv6UXgukzCjvmucR2_17f5VwU7LFEZsSFmsflItikM_zxxaOEs49twRCZUs5N6FYRXqyBzvPESBGWzkcNJENboMSxxen_ISzxGv_LU3ogA/s1600/spark+add+ed+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1228" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjL8bxo1YoUxUbpgwoBHsIb5O-uo4tK2EAY5bv6UXgukzCjvmucR2_17f5VwU7LFEZsSFmsflItikM_zxxaOEs49twRCZUs5N6FYRXqyBzvPESBGWzkcNJENboMSxxen_ISzxGv_LU3ogA/s320/spark+add+ed+w+.jpg" width="245" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The illuminated address presented to Dr Spark on his retirement, image courtesy of Ted Watts </td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Described as a dapper and precise man, he was widely
read and cultured, very kind and skilled as a doctor. He was instrumental in
having the telephone service brought to Katoomba in 1899 and served as an
alderman on Katoomba Municipal Council, Feb. 1893 – Feb 1899 and was elected Mayor,
Feb. 1894 - Feb. 1895. He was appointed a Government Medical Officer and the President
of the School Board as well as President and one of the founders of the School
of Arts. He was a member of the Rifle Club, of which he was President 1898-1903,
and was also a JP and served as a magistrate.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .15pt;">The name
Dr Spark appears on many birth and death certificates of the time and in
numerous newspaper reports of accidents and serious illness. In March 1902 he
attended the death of Henry Cole who died from concussion after his horse
bolted outside the Railway Hotel. Dr Spark also attended Henry’s daughter, Ruby
Cole, who died aged eight in1910 after being kicked in the head by a horse
outside her home in Clissold Street, Katoomba; Ruby was the step daughter of
Ranger James McKay, builder of the Giant Stairway at Echo Point. </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .05pt;">Dr </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .15pt;">Spark died age 56 on 1 March 1910,
at his home, ‘Twickenham Villa’, <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Katoomba
Street</st1:address></st1:street>, Katoomba, leaving a wife and </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .05pt;">seven children. His obituary
describes him as: ‘a professional man he will ever be remembered and loved,
especially by the poor, to whom he was ever kind and thoughtful’. The funeral
cortege was the largest ever seen on the Mountains and the cedar coffin with
silver mountings, covered with magnificent wreaths, was led by local school
children to the Anglican section of Katoomba cemetery where the service was
conducted by Rev JFS Russell according
to the rights of the Church of England. The white marble headstone is an open
book signifying the pages left unwritten. The ashes of his eldest son, James
Hubert, who died in <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Melbourne</st1:place></st1:city>
in 1959, are also interred in the grave. John Sparke earned the </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .1pt;">love and esteem of his local
community, to be remembered as “One of Katoomba’s noblest citizens” <i>(obituary, 1910)</i></span><i><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;">.</span></i><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .05pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dr Spark’s
son Edward (Ted) Spark, who attended the Sisters of Charity School in Katoomba
with his siblings, won an exhibition
from St Joseph’s College, Sydney and entered medical school at Sydney
University, becoming in 1929 at the age of 23, the first Katoomba boy to become
a doctor, incidentally winning the university prize for obstetrics <i>(Blue Mountains Star, 1929).<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;">Mrs Joanna
Spark died at her residence in Bondi on 23 July 1931. She was described as ‘the
widow of the late Dr. John Spark, formerly of Katoomba, and mother of Dr. E.
Spark, of Bondi. A devoted Catholic, constant in the discharge of her religious
duties, and charitable to the poor.</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"> Three
sons and four daughters survive to mourn their loss, and great sympathy goes
out to them in their sad bereavement. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">A
Requiem Mass was celebrated for the repose of her soul at St. Patrick's Church,
Bondi, Rev. Father John O'Farrell being the celebrant. The funeral left the
home for Waverley Cemetery, accompanied by Rev. Father J. O'Farrell, who
recited the last prayers at the graveside in the presence of the sorrowing
relatives and a large number of friends.’</span> (<i><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">Catholic Press, Thursday 13 August
1931, page 14)<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><i><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"><br /></span></i></span></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiifXN6A2hPZb8jYe9lisT73lqGVjV3owf5s90hrsaFbeFGJHgRSHP4p6i9S4tGb-zOe9aFhJQ1koty_Om7VrNOpDkLYHjQBqycrAvyI8kZRZQXRcuLMD2dMuvHFNJ_mwkJ7YGAH6bjalk/s1600/spark+port+ed+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1113" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiifXN6A2hPZb8jYe9lisT73lqGVjV3owf5s90hrsaFbeFGJHgRSHP4p6i9S4tGb-zOe9aFhJQ1koty_Om7VrNOpDkLYHjQBqycrAvyI8kZRZQXRcuLMD2dMuvHFNJ_mwkJ7YGAH6bjalk/s320/spark+port+ed+w+.jpg" width="222" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Studio portrait of Dr Spark, image courtesy of Ted Watts </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Notes on Qualifications<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">M.R.C.S. = Member of the Royal College of Surgeons</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Lic. Soc. Apoth.
Lond. = Licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In addition to
providing qualifications in, and regulation of, the trade of the apothecary and
dispensing, the Apothecaries' Society offered primary medical qualifications
until 1999. This began after the 1815 Apothecaries' Act, followed by further
Acts of Parliament. The title of the original licence was Licentiate of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worshipful_Society_of_Apothecaries">Society
of Apothecaries</a> (LSA).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">When the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Medical_Council" title="General Medical Council"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration-line: none;">General Medical Council</span></a> was
established by statute in 1858, the LSA became a registrable qualification.
From 1885, the examination included surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology, which were
required by law following the Medical Act of 1886, and in 1907 the title was
altered by parliamentary act to LMSSA to reflect this. The Society ceased to be
recognised by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Medical_Council" title="General Medical Council"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration-line: none;">General Medical Council</span></a> as a provider
of primary medical qualifications in 2008, although it had rarely issued any
licences since 1999, the year the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Examining_Board" title="United Examining Board"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration-line: none;">United Examining Board</span></a> was abolished.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Notable people who qualified in medicine as a Licentiate of the Society
of Apothecaries (LSA) include the poet <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Keats" title="John Keats"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration-line: none;">John Keats</span></a> (1816), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Garrett_Anderson" title="Elizabeth Garrett Anderson"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration-line: none;">Elizabeth Garrett Anderson</span></a> (1865,
thereby becoming the first openly female recipient of a UK medical
qualification) and Nobel Prize winner Sir <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Ross" title="Ronald Ross"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration-line: none;">Ronald Ross</span></a> KCB
FRS (1881). <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">All full members of the Society or Guild, both terms are used, become
Freemen of the City of London.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<u><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Acknowledgements<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Correspondence with John Spark, a descendant of Dr Spark.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">References
<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">“Beyond
the Vale – Dr John Spark” (obituary), Blue Mountains Echo (newspaper) 5 Mar
1910.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">“<st1:place w:st="on">Blue Mountains</st1:place> Municipal Council, Register of Aldermen”.
John Low, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Blue Mountains</st1:placename>
<st1:placetype w:st="on">City</st1:placetype></st1:place> Library.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">“Dr John
Spark”, newspaper advertisements, The Mountaineer (newspaper), various: 1895 -
1900.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">“Local
Boy’s Success, First Doctor from Katoomba”, Blue Mountains Star (newspaper), 13
Sep 1929.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">“Local
Government Management and the Doctor, the contribution of Dr John Spark to the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">Municipality</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Katoomba</st1:placename></st1:place>”. EW Watts, typescript in Local
Studies files, later published by the author.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">“The
Mountains as a Health Resort, a medical man’s experience”. Dr John Spark, The
Sydney Mail Saturday, December 12, 1896.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Our Past
Blue Mountaineers: Katoomba Cemetery transcriptions. Blue Mountains Family
History Society, 1996. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Websites<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">DEATH OF
DR. SPARK. (1910, March 1). <i>Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 - 1931)</i>,
p. 5. Retrieved June 26, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article116054143">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article116054143</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt;">JOHN SPARK.
(1910, March 5). <i>Nepean Times (Penrith, NSW : 1882 - 1962)</i>, p. 6.
Retrieved June 26, 2018, from</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 10.5pt;"> <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article101301428">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article101301428</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 14.15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Memorial
to Dr. John Spark. (1910, March 12). <i>The Blue Mountain Echo (NSW : 1909
- 1928)</i>, p. 4. Retrieved June 26, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107958257">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107958257</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mrs.
Johanna Spark. (1931, August 13). <i>The Catholic Press (Sydney, NSW :
1895 - 1942)</i>, p. 14. Retrieved June 26, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article103851360">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article103851360</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">*****<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Newspaper
Articles<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Beyond the Vale. Dr. John Spark.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">'Tis with feelings of deepest
regret that we chronicle a visitation from the Grim Reaper, who took as His
toll the soul of one of Katoomba's noblest citizens — Dr. John Spark, a
gentleman who, for nearly a quarter of a century, faithfully tendered to the
medical comforts of residents of this district, and who, during that term, was
in the van of every movement having for its object the welfare of the
advancement of the Mountains. The news of his death, which occurred early on
Tuesday morning, shed a mantle of heavy gloom over the whole township. Deep and
sincere regret was expressed in all circles, the consensus of opinion being
that ' one of the best' had gone to the bourne that knoweth no return. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Some two years ago deceased
sustained a paralytic stroke, from which he never properly recovered. Robbed of
his old-time vitality and energy, the doctor of late was only a shadow of his
former self, but, although in a weak state, the news of his sudden death came
as a shock to his legion of friends. The funeral, which left his late
residence, Twickenham Villa, on Wednesday after- noon, was the largest ever
seen on the Mountains. All business premises were closed out of respect, and
the cortege, which was headed by the school children, was the emblematical of
the love and esteem in which deceased was held. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The preacher advised all to
look forward, as deceased did, to the brighter happiness of a higher sphere of
life, and rejoice at his attainment to it. While in the flesh, deceased always
took a very keen interest in all that was to the advancement of his fellow citizens.
He worked hard, under severe physical disability, in all that was for the
welfare of the community. He concluded by stating that it remained for those
left behind, as far as was in their power, to do what they could to make the
lives of those who were under his immediate care, prosperous and happy. The
coffin was covered with magnificent wreaths from all places along the
Mountains, and many a tear was shed as the coffin was lowered from sight. In
1885, the late Dr. Spark was granted the Freedom of the City of London.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Beyond the Vale. (1910, March 5). The Blue Mountain Echo (NSW : 1909 - 1928),
p. 7. Retrieved July 12, 2018, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107960971">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107960971</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The Late Dr. Spark<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">On the first of last March there passed away at Katoomba one of the most patriotic and philanthropic citizens who has ever lived on the Blue Mountains. Ever ready to sacrifice his health and comfort to minister to the wants of his fellow-beings, no sordid considerations dared to obtrude themselves when the cry of pain or distress reached his ears.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Though never of robust constitution, for more than twenty years he braved the rigors of many severe winters, and no path was ever too dark or too perilous, and no sufferer too insignificant when there was a chance of bringing relief to the afflicted. Well might it be said of him, in the words of the poet that it was his highest wish – ‘To learn the luxury of doing good.’ Indeed, it was the only luxury that Dr. Spark seemed to care for. His purse was as ready to assist the sufferers as his soul was to pity them, and his large-hearted charity endeared him to many a poor creature ‘fallen by the wayside’.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> In all matters for the advancement of the town and district, he was untiring in his efforts. It would be hard to say how much the intellectual, the social and the sporting sides of our life are indebted to him. His guiding hand can be traced in many of our institutions, and many of the ‘old hands’ are never tired of quoting him as an authority on the subject that lies nearest to their hearts. Without doubt, they are right. A great reader and a deep thinker, he was ever ready to help with any knotty problem that was brought to him for solution, and it was an intellectual treat to spend an hour with him in discussing any interesting subject. At those times, not-withstanding his bodily infirmities, his eyes would sparkle and his humour be-come irresistible when recounting some reminiscence or story with which to clinch his point. Time seemed to fly all too fast when the Doctor was in a story-telling mood.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A few weeks after his death, some of his friends met in public meeting, and decided, among other things, to erect a suitable memorial over his grave. This has now been accomplished. The execution of the work was entrusted to Mr Rose, of Wollongong, and he has carried out his work to the satisfaction of the commit-tee The design is simple and chaste, and such as the Doctor himself would choose. It is in book form, and bears, the following inscription:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">‘Sacred to the Memory of Dr. JOHN SPARK, M.R.C.S., who departed this life at Katoomba on 1st March, 1910, aged 56 years. At Rest.’ On the pedestal is inscribed: ‘Erected by his numerous friends in token of their esteem, and in recognition of sterling services to the town of Katoomba.’<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For many a year to come those who have experienced his sympathy and generosity will linger by that simple little monument, and recall with reverence the noble and unselfish life which endeared Dr. Spark to all who came in contact with him. May the Mountain winds against which he battled so bravely, on many an errand of mercy, sigh gently over his grave! And may his good example inspire all of us to do whatever we can to help the suffering! Vale ! Dr. Spark. Vale !<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Blue Mountain Echo (NSW : 1909 - 1928), Saturday 19 November 1910, page 10<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mrs. Johanna Spark.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mrs. Johanna Spark, a well-known
and highly-esteemed resident of Bondi, died at her residence, 54 Imperial
Avenue, Bondi, on Thursday, 23rd ult. She was the widow of the late Dr. John
Spark, formerly of Katoomba, and mother of Dr. E. Spark, of Bondi. Mrs. Spark
was a devoted Catholic, constant in the discharge of her religious duties, and
charitable to the poor. Three sons and four daughters survive to mourn their
loss, and great sympathy goes out to them in their sad bereavement. A Requiem
Mass was celebrated for the repose of her soul at St. Patrick's Church, Bondi,
Rev. Father John O'Farrell being the celebrant. The funeral left the home for
Waverley Cemetery, accompanied by Rev. Father J. O'Farrell, who recited the
last prayers at the graveside in the presence of the sorrowing relatives and a
large number of friends. The funeral arrangements were carried out by Mr. W. N.
Bull. — E.I.P.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<i><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Catholic
Press (Sydney, NSW : 1895 - 1942), Thursday 13 August 1931, page 14 </span><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article103851360"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10385136</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">0</span></a></span></i><br />
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">John Merriman, Local Studies Librarian, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Blue Mountains</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">City</st1:placetype></st1:place> Library, 2018.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-52507642670685972182018-06-28T16:30:00.002+10:002021-09-12T21:07:54.252+10:00Walking Through History - Springwood Town Centre <span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><br /></b>
<b>Historical Context</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The area now known as Springwood was originally occupied
by the Aurang-ora band of the inland Dharug people.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBt0ePqYx0PHOwQIH7zOEj1y8SrwMcnS71Ueax2QNjPROpk7l9Y7q6XbTrCC_o9ajmIhO1xll5Sst795QSvgQvELGvF97GOxqw33mkrHGL2Z_faysGjNlW0FiYSr64cwepUCJfKc6-dsQ/s1600/img508.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1265" data-original-width="1600" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBt0ePqYx0PHOwQIH7zOEj1y8SrwMcnS71Ueax2QNjPROpk7l9Y7q6XbTrCC_o9ajmIhO1xll5Sst795QSvgQvELGvF97GOxqw33mkrHGL2Z_faysGjNlW0FiYSr64cwepUCJfKc6-dsQ/s320/img508.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Aurang Jack, chief of Springwood and his two wives</span></td></tr>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Crossing the Blue
Mountains</span></b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">On Tuesday, May 11,
1813, Mr. Gregory Blaxland, Mr. William Went worth, and Lieutenant Lawson,
attended by four servants, with five dogs, and four horses laden with
provisions, ammunition, and other necessaries, left Mr. Blaxland's farm at the
South Creek, for the purpose of endeavouring to effect a passage over the Blue
Mountains.<br /> </span></i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">On
13th May the explorers reached the vicinity of Springwood,<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> “After travelling about a mile on the third day, in a west and
north-west direction, they arrived at a large tract of forest land, rather
hilly, the grass and timber tolerably good, extending, as they imagine, nearly
to Grose Head, in the same direction nearly as the river. They computed it at
two thousand acres. Here they found a track marked by a European, by
cutting the bark of the trees. Several native huts presented themselves at
different places. They had not proceeded above two miles, when they found
themselves stopped by a brushwood much thicker than they had hitherto met with.
This induced them to alter their course, and to endeavour to find another
passage to the westward; but every ridge which they explored proved to
terminate in a deep rocky precipice; and they had no alternative but to return
to the thick brushwood, which appeared to be the main ridge, with the
determination to cut a way through for the horses next day. This day some of
the horses, while standing, fell several times under their loads. The dogs
killed a large kangaroo. The party encamped in the forest tract, with plenty of
good grass and water.<o:p></o:p></i></span></blockquote>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Extracts
from ‘<a href="https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/b/blaxland/gregory/b64j/part2.html">Journal</a>
of a tour of discovery across the Blue Mountains, New South Wales, in the year
1813’, by Gregory Blaxland<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">On </span>25th April,
1815 <span lang="EN-US">Governor Lachlan Macquarie
set out with his wife Elizabeth and a party of ten including officers, civil
servants and prominent citizens, to travel over the newly constructed road to
Bathurst. In his journal he recorded the naming of Springwood, the accompanying
artist John Lewin was among the party and painted the <a href="http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/collection-items/spring-wood-ie-springwood-blue-mountains-ca-1815-1816-watercolour-drawings-john">scene</a>.</span></span></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">We then Halted
at three O’clock in a very pretty wooded Plain near a Spring of very good
fresh Water and Pitched our tents near the side of the Road. This Stage is 12
Miles from Emu Ford and our first on the Mountains - The Place being very
pretty I have named it "Spring - Wood. </span></i></blockquote>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Capt. Henry Colden
Antill recorded a more enchanting portrait of the location where they lingered
until late the following day, in <a href="https://www.mq.edu.au/macquarie-archive/lema/1815/antill1815.html">his
journal</a> while en route with the Governor: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i><span lang="EN-US"> After riding 7 ½ miles further we arrived
about 3 o'clock at our first encampment, the road tolerably good the whole way
from Emu Ford. We found all our baggage, caravans, and servants safely arrived
before us, and drawn up in regular order to receive us, which they did with
three cheers. . . . After tea, took a short distance in the wood to enjoy the
novelty of the scene around me, and this being our first encampment it may not
be amiss to describe our situation. We were encamped in an extensive forest of
large lofty trees, mostly of stringy and iron-bark. Our party had formed into
different groups, each having a large fire of its own. . . . Some were busily
engaged cooking, others were smoking, making their huts or cutting down timber
for fuel and reminded me, by their various occupations, of what I had read of a
camp of gipsies or the bivouac of a continental army.</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">“Thursday, April 27th: . . . Before we left the
ground, the Governor and Mrs. Macquarie and a few more walked down to the
spring where we had been supplied with water, situated about half a mile down a
deep glen. In rainy seasons the water might be had much nearer. There appears a
water course at the back of the encampment which extends down to a spring
issuing from a rock. The water (of the spring first mentioned), is good, but
something of a mineral quality. From this spring and the surrounding forest the
Governor gave the name of SPRINGWOOD to this station. We did not leave this
place till 12 o 'clock. ...</span></i></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh0XXgFHNfGVYZbRKa4LQhg1p7PtS_6-twEvDEugKVOYnFtoAmsGcr4bLG8O1Cv25G5lG9u_8ZQKMroBKSrqPzwZ1Mq7rLsHWULmic5R_xn11tT7dCwgqPK8Vlz4k94k4KKsRFZPeWBW4/s1600/shs551.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1224" data-original-width="1600" height="244" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh0XXgFHNfGVYZbRKa4LQhg1p7PtS_6-twEvDEugKVOYnFtoAmsGcr4bLG8O1Cv25G5lG9u_8ZQKMroBKSrqPzwZ1Mq7rLsHWULmic5R_xn11tT7dCwgqPK8Vlz4k94k4KKsRFZPeWBW4/s320/shs551.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Springwood spring, Meg Turner left, Bert Honeysett right (SHS 551)</td></tr>
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<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The spring is still there and may be visited in <a href="https://flic.kr/p/eP4pwY">Birdwood Gully</a> Park on the north side of
the Great Western Highway.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJYVuZVxoJfHSlHzgseZZv5QwaeBlGZuKH3i2nRdNMLOWOJq1q9POChmmxyIHhjXPai2y3ob-w_Yx3KZr107u_6If0e4VOqaUV5yFus59cH-tFYsijz4n6JeYynyvCU8RumC8SEyJrWT8/s1600/springwood+1882+map+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1096" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJYVuZVxoJfHSlHzgseZZv5QwaeBlGZuKH3i2nRdNMLOWOJq1q9POChmmxyIHhjXPai2y3ob-w_Yx3KZr107u_6If0e4VOqaUV5yFus59cH-tFYsijz4n6JeYynyvCU8RumC8SEyJrWT8/s320/springwood+1882+map+.jpg" width="219" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Springwood Map 1882 (PF 671)</span></td></tr>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Early
Days of Settlement</span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">A military post was
established almost at once on the south side of William Cox's newly constructed
Western Road in <i>'a fine forest of tall trees, with some little grass
between'</i>, as Barron Field described it in 1822. Although the first
land-grant in Springwood was made in 1834, development of a village did not
commence until the 1840s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The founding father of the village was Thomas
Boland, a former constable in the Irish police force who arrived in the Colony
in 1838 and came to Springwood in 1843, where he held the position of Superintendent
of Road-gangs at the military stockade. The stockade, located to the north side
of the road, was discontinued soon afterwards and in 1845 Boland bought the
strategically placed site and developed the officers' quarters into the
Springwood Inn. (SP 007) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">With the gold discoveries over the Mountains in
the early 1850s, traffic on the western road increased and Springwood soon
developed into a busy settlement with consequent growth in population, but
still in 1866 it did not rate a mention in Bailliere's <i>Gazetteer of NSW.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The critical turning point for Springwood, as
for other Mountain villages, was the coming of the western railway in the later
1860s. When the track was opened as far west as Wentworth Falls in 1867, Thomas
Boland was appointed the first station-master at Springwood and a platform was
built in 1868. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">During the 1870s the village progressed so that
a public school was necessary in 1878 and a police presence in the following
year, while postal services had begun in 1877. A new hotel, the Springwood
Hotel (later the Oriental) was opened in 1877 and Thomas Boland built the Royal
Hotel opposite the railway station in 1881: these two hotels have continued to
serve local and visitors until the present day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Shops began to multiply and wealthy Sydney
professional people were tempted to the cool air of Springwood. These country
retreats included Charles Moore's Moorecourt of 1876, John Fraser's Silva Plana
of 1881, James Norton's Euchora of 1884 and James Lawson's Braemar of 1892.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">By 1888, therefore, Springwood was well
established as 'a favourite resort of visitors to the Blue Mountains', and its
core commercial centre was taking shape along the main road beside the railway
(now known as Macquarie Road and Ferguson Road). Churches were soon built,
Christ Church Anglican in 1888-9, the first St Thomas Aquinas Catholic in 1892
and the Frazer Memorial Presbyterian in 1895.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The core village contained an interesting
mixture of commercial premises, workers' cottages, churches and quite grand
houses. The east end of the present Macquarie Road, the entry to the village
from Sydney, was and remains the superior residential part of the area, with
its four family homes erected on the 24 hectares owned by the Lawson family,
set within the original garden and orchard area of the Oriental Hotel. The land
opposite on the northern side of Macquarie Road was an undeveloped part of John
Frazer's ‘Silva Plana’ estate, and remained vacant until the Catholic Church
was transferred there in 1919 and Buckland Park and the Bowling Green were
established in 1936.</span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">One’s first
impressions of Springwood are exceedingly pleasant, and we can honestly state
that subsequent explorations only serve to confirm them. Pausing at the
station, which, by the way, is one of the prettiest upon the line, and quite in
harmony with its surroundings, one’s eye rests upon a road of a warm red colour
and sidewalks shaded with the dense blue-grey foliage of turpentine trees, the
scene flanked at each side with cosy buildings of wood and stone. Even the
police-station exhibits a display of taste, and everything seems in harmony. Up
the road, on the left, is a substantial school-house, from the windows of which
issue the sweet sounds of many voices. <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">To the right from
the station runs a road faced by a few cottages; in the middle distance the
pretty villa belonging to Mrs Hoare, set in the midst of garden and green
sward, and, further still, a background of forest trees, between which one
obtains glimpses of blue mountains. <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">From <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Illustrated Sydney News</i>, 3 October
1889.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><br /></span>
</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDv-zpvUXe4E_V4nupEruJ77G2BF9qnRADebUmP2pcnlBdr7Gg-r9lUeyNNQ3QjQG19Wgoqvav2iXE8tzPfL9jJE8GSE4Hyf7UiLba7FFtesRfdE3RlkeUt4Vnh65-i9K-tQDpewNYrwk/s1600/mac+rd+ed+w+small.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1163" data-original-width="1600" height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDv-zpvUXe4E_V4nupEruJ77G2BF9qnRADebUmP2pcnlBdr7Gg-r9lUeyNNQ3QjQG19Wgoqvav2iXE8tzPfL9jJE8GSE4Hyf7UiLba7FFtesRfdE3RlkeUt4Vnh65-i9K-tQDpewNYrwk/s320/mac+rd+ed+w+small.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Central Springwood showing Bathurst Rd. c. 1915</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Macquarie Road</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As far back as 1936
the section of Macquarie Road that passes through the shopping centre was known
locally as Macquarie’s road, although it was a part of the main road to
Bathurst. Originally it followed closely the 1813 track of the Three Explorers
and later William Cox’s road of 1815 and was also known variously as Cox’s
Road, Bathurst Road, The Western Road, Main Western Road, Main Western Highway
and Great Western Highway. With the realignment of 1968 the highway bypassed
the shopping centre and a new name was needed. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Springwood
Historical Society suggested it be renamed Macquarie Road to commemorate the
town’s founder; and the section on the north side of the railway line to the
Moorecourt Road intersection, to be named Ferguson Road after a local family
who operated a general store and blacksmith in the location. The section west
of the rail underpass near the railway station had changed from Railway Parade
to Macquarie Road in 1945. The new names were officially adopted in October
1969.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNppiR8xFwbRZ009ynPfKz4B1Mb9JuM0XxbGgw93VppMop9arMMZlXD9KZHo6aNssSUKKTvUZA3gb-XBJqm4GvZHk22e9Yga4NQzaW_u2vS9xFaRacuhGtEfNoyhNZmZuz9psUb0TSt4A/s1600/shs+085A+ed+1964++.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNppiR8xFwbRZ009ynPfKz4B1Mb9JuM0XxbGgw93VppMop9arMMZlXD9KZHo6aNssSUKKTvUZA3gb-XBJqm4GvZHk22e9Yga4NQzaW_u2vS9xFaRacuhGtEfNoyhNZmZuz9psUb0TSt4A/s320/shs+085A+ed+1964++.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Macquarie Rd 1964 (SHS 85a)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Sites</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Numbers in square
brackets following the name refer to the Springwood Historical Society ‘Historical
Culture Walk’ brass plaques usually mounted on the kerb, where they exist.
Numbers in Macquarie Rd are the corresponding street numbers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The walk commences
at the eastern end of the shopping centre at ‘Glen Lawson’ 100 Macquarie Rd, then
continues along the south side of Macquarie Rd through the shopping centre,
crosses the railway line at the pedestrian crossing gates, along Ferguson Rd,
through the commuter car park and the railway pedestrian underpass then along
the northern side of Macquarie Rd to Buckland Park and the War Memorial finishing
at the Springwood Sports Club opposite Braemar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikgQ3HzFv-QBhuR2UzWOX7ltX4fLtqG_-JakmpRT9z-2gq7xszYM147d9OZXIo3hChG0wDfbLgQJW7v4tZxs0IZmEIqI6O2RVkHdU60NumXJnCXlHQxV18vRuwukLJ5jKHyrR1CmG-wHI/s1600/3111+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1166" data-original-width="1600" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikgQ3HzFv-QBhuR2UzWOX7ltX4fLtqG_-JakmpRT9z-2gq7xszYM147d9OZXIo3hChG0wDfbLgQJW7v4tZxs0IZmEIqI6O2RVkHdU60NumXJnCXlHQxV18vRuwukLJ5jKHyrR1CmG-wHI/s320/3111+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Danebury c. 1910 (PF 3111)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b><b>Danebury, formerly Glen Lawson, 100 Macquarie Rd</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The house known as
Glen Lawson for most of its existence reflects the coming of age of Springwood
as a residential village at the end of the nineteenth century. Glen Lawson has
special features, as a grand family and retirement home on a very large urban
holding of 24 hectares (60 acres) which was only very gradually over the first
third of the twentieth century broken up into spacious residential allotments
specifically for members of the Lawson family. The Lawson family, James Hunter,
who established a major furniture business in Sydney, and his sons William
Maxwell, who contributed his woodworking skills to the Presbyterian Church in
Springwood and James Robert, who created the well-known firm of Lawson
Auctioneers in Sydney, constitute a significant success story of Scots in New
South Wales with residences in the Blue Mountains.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Glen Lawson was
built around 1895 by James Hunter Lawson and his Australian-born wife, Emma
Glen, deftly combining the couple's surnames. James Lawson was a Scottish
cabinet-maker, born in Greenock in 1836, who had immigrated to Australia in
1855. He worked initially in Sydney, married Emma Glen of Pyrmont in 1857 and
became licensee of the Royal Oak inn in Pyrmont in the following year. He
reverted to his original craft in the 1860s and in the 1870s established a
successful furniture factory in Newtown, with premises later also in William
Street in the city.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Lawsons
prospered and in 1890 purchased 24 hectares (60 acres) of land in Springwood,
part of a 32 hectare (80 acre) block owned by Frank Raymond. Raymond had
acquired this land, portion 52, later portion 2a, Magdala parish, county Cook,
in 1878 and had built the Springwood Hotel on the site of the present Oriental,
but left the rest of the land to the east along Macquarie Road
undeveloped.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">When Lawson bought
his 24 hectares (60 acres) of Raymond's grant, he remodelled the existing hotel
in 1890-1 and renamed it the Oriental, while in 1892 he built Braemar as a
holiday residence for himself and family immediately east of the hotel, on the
western part of the extensive orchard and garden area serving the needs of the
hotel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">After about three
years, Lawson built a larger house, Glen Lawson, next door to Braemar, which
was initially occupied by his married daughter, Flora Urquhart, and
subsequently leased to a variety of tenants. Glen Lawson then became the
principal residence for James and Emma Lawson until their deaths in 1926.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Although the rates
for Glen Lawson after 1907 were in the name of Flora Urquhart, who was by then
widowed, she was merely named as heir in remainder and on her death her son
Ernest, a local dentist, transferred back these Urquhart rights to James Lawson
in 1914. When James died in 1926 (and his widow the following day), Glen Lawson
passed to his third son, William Maxwell. The eldest son, James Robert Lawson,
had created his own auctioneering business in Sydney in 1886, which still
flourishes under the Lawson name, and played only a social role in Springwood.
He survived his parents by only seven months. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The new owner in
1926, William Lawson, was a prominent Presbyterian, sixty years of age, who had
previously lived in another house nearby, The Knoll, 86-88 Macquarie Road. He
was, like his father, a cabinet-maker, and had used his skills to manufacture
the fine pulpit, communion table and chairs which still adorn the Frazer
Memorial Presbyterian Church at 158 Macquarie Road. He remained a prominent
adherent of the kirk and used his own car to drive the visiting supply ministers,
during the years 1925 to 1942 when there was no settled minister at Springwood
and when he was too old to drive, loaned his car to them instead. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Like his father,
William Lawson lived long. Around 1946, when he was eighty, he sold Braemar
next door to the Platts, who had been running it as a guesthouse, and on
William's death soon afterwards his son Ernest Alexander leased Glen Lawson to
a local doctor, Walter McPherson Roberts, in 1947. After sorting out the
estate, the three sons of William, Ernest, who was a postmaster, Raymond Glen,
a bank manager and James Alan, a clerk, all resident in Sydney, finally sold
the property to Dr Roberts in 1950.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1990 Glen Lawson
was renamed Danebury, housing the New Danebury Gallery, where works of art were
exhibited. The gallery has now closed and the house is once more a private
residence, retaining the name Danebury.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Danebury, formerly
known as Glen Lawson is probably the finest federation house in Springwood. An
excellent example of a federation bungalow, the house features well detailed
brickwork, interesting roof forms and fine timberwork. With its neighbouring
house Braemar, the house illustrates the good taste of its builder James Lawson
and the continued success of the Lawsons in Springwood. The house is also
important as one of a group of substantial houses with large gardens on the
south side of Macquarie Road overlooking Buckland Park.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIheezDxFg8KB4tiq8PwNl8ynfMXHv2DPD0UFW8re2LxzmxNdStQcyA1WXTtNLYLmQE7Brcu8a77FxA-lMI_Etp-oVGDTN7DRqYJwoTLkrK26Rzf08pCgXRhtPbJPxvS_KeGaYFRaApR4/s1600/braemar+c1900+ed.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIheezDxFg8KB4tiq8PwNl8ynfMXHv2DPD0UFW8re2LxzmxNdStQcyA1WXTtNLYLmQE7Brcu8a77FxA-lMI_Etp-oVGDTN7DRqYJwoTLkrK26Rzf08pCgXRhtPbJPxvS_KeGaYFRaApR4/s320/braemar+c1900+ed.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Braemar c. 1900 (PF 123)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Braemar, 104 Macquarie Rd [14]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Braemar reflects the
growth and maturation of Springwood village in the last decade of Victoria’s
reign. As an elegant retreat for a prosperous Sydney family, it is
representative of a feature of the Blue Mountains at the time. It is less usual
in being superseded quickly by a grander house for the same family next door
and in being thereafter leased for half a century by the family as a residence
for professional men and their families or as a guesthouse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">When Lawson bought
this land in 1890, he acted first to develop the Oriental Hotel into a larger,
two-storied building and then in May 1892 he had the Sydney architect G.A. Down
draw up plans for a country retreat to be built over the west end of the
orchard-garden. These plans and elevation have never left Braemar and show the
present house with an extensive service wing at the south-west rear corner
which has been demolished and has been replaced by the lending library. The
plasterer was George Ismay, the bricklayer A.H. Panton: the plumber and
carpenter also signed Down’s plans, but the names are not legible. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Braemar was completed
later in 1892 and was used by the Lawsons as a mountain retreat. In 1895 James
and Emma Lawson and their married daughter, Flora Urquhart, were occupying the
house when the verandah was used for Presbyterian church services pending the
construction of the Frazer Memorial Church, but the Lawsons had decided to
build next door to the east a grander, permanent home for James’s retirement
and when Glen Lawson was completed in 1895 or 1896, Braemar was leased for the
next fifty years to a series of tenants. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The first tenant was
a nurse, Lonie Treble, a Lawson family friend, who converted the house to a
convalescent hospital briefly in 1896-7. After a short reoccupation by the
Lawson family - James’s son William Maxwell spent his honeymoon in Braemar in
May 1897 - the house was leased to Thomas Garrett, a lawyer who had been an
outstanding international cricketer. Garrett and his family used Braemar as
their home until about 1907. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1908 Braemar was
a guesthouse run by Mrs Mulvey for an unknown period. Between 1918 and his
death in 1923 Dr Andrew O’Flanagan was tenant, using the house both as a family
residence and as his surgery. From 1924 onwards, however, Braemar reverted to
being a guesthouse, owned still by the Lawsons, James until his death in 1926
and then his son William Maxwell, until his death in 1947. The successive
proprietors of the leased guesthouse were: Gillman (1924-6), Gardiner
(c.1927-30), Ireland (1931-8) and Platt (1941-7). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lionel and Alma
Platt were tenants when William Maxwell Lawson died in 1947 and they bought the
property from the Lawson executors, continuing to run the guesthouse until old
age overtook them in the late 1960s. They lived quietly in Braemar for a while,
but sold it in 1971 to a local estate agent, Charles Degotardi, who in turn
sold it in 1974 to the Blue Mountains City Council. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The City Council’s
library was housed in Braemar from 1974 until 1976, when the rear section of
the house was demolished and the present library erected, linked to the 1892
house. When the books were transferred to the new premises in 1976, the
Electricity Department of the Council occupied Braemar. After the change to
Prospect County Council in 1980, the new organization continued to occupy
Braemar until 1984. The City Council then decided to utilize the old house as
an art gallery and local studies centre associated with the adjacent library
and the official opening of Braemar in its present function was in March 1988.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc6YTTxqITjHrfiCeUAnpizxOzbul3QqP8fdpXYYuJvVC3niWkY5C1ooiufJRm8FA_KQOgZ0RdT6LjrJvE8TmhJohnw2jMlAVuMXv9sojpe8VRZLU4cpK9O70pDotPtJ_iYjtZJv8kWhE/s1600/img290+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1568" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc6YTTxqITjHrfiCeUAnpizxOzbul3QqP8fdpXYYuJvVC3niWkY5C1ooiufJRm8FA_KQOgZ0RdT6LjrJvE8TmhJohnw2jMlAVuMXv9sojpe8VRZLU4cpK9O70pDotPtJ_iYjtZJv8kWhE/s320/img290+ed+w+.jpg" width="313" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Springwood Civic Centre 1968</span></td></tr>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Site of Springwood Civic Centre - now the Blue Mountains Theatre and Community Hub</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1933 a determined
effort was made by the Springwood Development League to secure a public hall
for the town. Residents of long standing can recall moves for a hall even many
years earlier.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The land was
originally purchased by the former Blue Mountains Shire Council in 1938 from
the James Lawson Estate for the sum of £800. However disagreement of the local
ratepayers as to whether a hall was necessary, coupled with start of World War
II, put off further moves for definite implementation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1946 the Blue
Mountains Shire Council conducted a poll of the Springwood residents to
ascertain their wishes in respect to a proposal for the borrowing of £30,000
for the erection of a Springwood War Memorial Hall, with the result that 180
recorded dissident votes whilst 90 voted in favour of the proposal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Later that year the
Community Centre Committee submitted a proposal for a £10,000 Hall project to
the Blue Mountains Shire Council, but consideration of this had to be abandoned
because of the post-war restrictions on the use of building materials. At that
lime several organisations in Springwood were actively engaged in raising funds
for the project. The restrictions on the use of building materials remained in
force until after 1950.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Following the rapid
development of the Springwood area, the requirements for a larger hall were
renewed, and these, together with the mounting inflation that had occurred
increased the anticipated cost of the building. However as a consequence of the
economic conditions in the 1950s, loan funds had to be applied to works deemed
essential such as water, sewerage, electricity and road construction, and money
could not be allocated for a hall.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1958, a Committee
of three local citizens: Ald. E Lesslie. Mr. L Summerhayes and Mr. A Hall was
appointed to advise the Council, which then sought approval to borrow funds, to
supplement monies held in reserve, and finance which could be obtained from
rate revenue sources from the Springwood area to erect a public hall. The
design was submitted by local architect Mr. EN Skarratt, at an estimated cost
of £40,000 ($80,000). Again, construction had to be deferred because of the
lack of loan finance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Finally in 1964, the
Council received Governmental approval to obtain loan funds for the provision
of a Hall and Council Administrative Offices, and in November of that year it
accepted the tender submitted by Alex Gall (Constructions) Pty. Ltd., the final
cost was $168,000. Work commenced on the building in February, 1965 and was
completed in February 1966.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The new Civic Centre
was officially opened on Saturday, March 26 1966, by the Governor of NSW, Sir
Roden Cutler, who planted a lemon-scented gum (<i>Corymbia citriodora) </i>and
unveiled the commemorative plaque and the Springwood Crest, designed by Norman
Lindsay. The Springwood District WWI Honor Roll, from the old Springwood School
of Arts, was also mounted in the foyer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Planning for a new
civic centre commenced in 2012 and demolition of the old building commenced in
October 2013. The new Blue Mountains Theatre and Community Hub opened in March
2015. The original lemon-scented gum was removed due to poor health but its
seedlings live on. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYWEg3l25ds7OQDb24k0LeFGPIhJjBhtVKQsmVLaqDXCnzkZwBUdRJNps2VGGWho47oDSt400_0hhkf5V0TwFdLXeAHkEJV3NYh9YXjMugeQDvoUl6MsrOh2pWMawGb-VmMf0M190DoHI/s1600/f+smith+ed+w.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1230" data-original-width="1500" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYWEg3l25ds7OQDb24k0LeFGPIhJjBhtVKQsmVLaqDXCnzkZwBUdRJNps2VGGWho47oDSt400_0hhkf5V0TwFdLXeAHkEJV3NYh9YXjMugeQDvoUl6MsrOh2pWMawGb-VmMf0M190DoHI/s320/f+smith+ed+w.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Francis Smith headstone, Springwood Cemetery (SHS 221)</span></td></tr>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Francis Smith Memorial</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Originally in a
small park, the memorial was unveiled on 5 May 1990. Francis Smith was born in
Middlesex in 1793 and in 1813 enlisted in the 4th Foot of the Kings Own
Regiment. He fought against Napoleon in Spain and Andrew Jackson in North
America. In August 1832 he arrived in Australia and was a part of the convict
guard stationed at Mt. Victoria, Coxs River, Emu Plains, Linden and Springwood.
He died at Springwood Stockade on 5 May 1836, aged 43; originally buried at the
Springwood Stockade, his headstone was later moved to Springwood Cemetery. Survived
by a wife and daughter, his descendants are still living in Australia. The
plaque, now considerably faded, sits on a sandstone slab which was moved when
the HUB was opened in 2014 and is now located in the native garden at the front
right hand side. <a href="http://monumentaustralia.org.au/search/display/23051-private-francis-smith">http://monumentaustralia.org.au/search/display/23051-private-francis-smith</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0ey3x9lm8KlDVJKoyGJK9R__hoXo6nel8QbSd4lThAmMCh3-stdolrUEev3zo5hTAQdjffwSKO7D9tgOBiWhqQD4ZuDSSQA1jbFKFhvBdEgyEsUulzGfL1sgYlY4qRcnw7oU_nqR-AYQ/s1600/frances+smith+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1193" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0ey3x9lm8KlDVJKoyGJK9R__hoXo6nel8QbSd4lThAmMCh3-stdolrUEev3zo5hTAQdjffwSKO7D9tgOBiWhqQD4ZuDSSQA1jbFKFhvBdEgyEsUulzGfL1sgYlY4qRcnw7oU_nqR-AYQ/s320/frances+smith+.jpg" width="238" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Francis Smith plaque</span></td></tr>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Oriental Hotel [15]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">One of the three
hotels established in Springwood by the 1880s, the Oriental has local
significance as a century-old residential hotel with a restaurant, catering for
locals and visitors alike on the edge of the central business district,
competing successfully with the Royal. Its significance is enhanced by its half
century of ownership by the Lawson family, important as furniture-makers and as
developers of their substantial acreage in the heart of Springwood. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1976 Frank
Raymond built the first hotel on this site, it stood on the corner of his Crown
grant of 80 acres, on the main road to Bathurst. It was a single storey
building named the Springwood Hotel, not to be confused with the Springwood Inn
built I 1845 by Thomas Boland. Raymond used parts of the building as a store,
post office and newsagency.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In October 1889 James
Lawson (1860-1926) bought part of Raymond’s land including the Springwood Hotel.
Lawson saw the commercial opportunities of the old hotel and constructed a much
larger two storey building which he opened in 1891, with the new name of The
Oriental Hotel, the first licensee was Frank Brandon. However during the
economic downturn of the 1890s Brandon became bankrupt and a long line of
licensees followed. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1891 Springwood
had a permanent population of around 400, but by 1900 this was more than
doubled by railway work-gangs stationed in the area carrying out duplication of
the western railway line, originally opened as a single track in 1867. Over 900
workmen,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>including navvies and fettlers,
camped in tents in an area known as Canvas Town in bushland on the northern
side of the railway station and provided the town with much needed extra business,
if at times the hotels became a little rowdy on paydays. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Oriental was
also a venue for balls, dances, social club meetings, pigeon shooting matches,
and a rendezvous for search parties combing the bush lost walkers. It has also
been remarked by older residents that James Lawson’s Presbyterian leaning encouraged
a mainly Protestant clientele to balance to the </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">ostensibly
Catholic, Royal Hotel up near the railway station.</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">James Lawson’s son
William Maxwell Lawson owned the hotel for twenty years after his father’s
death in 1926 and commenced major refurbishment of the hotel in 1928. William
was also a cabinet-maker and donor to the Frazer Memorial Presbyterian Church
near the Oriental, both of which contributed to the cultural life of Springwood
in their own ways. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">During World War II children
from Sydney's Burnside Homes in North Parramatta were evacuated to the Oriental
Hotel in 1942. The licensee, Wally Edwards, constructed a temporary bar on the
corner of Raymond and Macquarie Roads, later occupied by Galivante Men's shop
and now a real estate agency. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Oriental hotel
has aesthetic significance as a surviving substantial Victorian Hotel in the
commercial centre of Springwood. While its original highly decorative character
has been compromised by various alterations, it does retain its general form
and proportions. With its location at a prominent corner in the town, it is a
local landmark and is one of the few buildings left in the commercial centre of
Springwood which give a sense of the town’s early history.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOIXUWdCRxxnietKMZ-nSjL2Kx7PIlQECqzT__Culy6EpsNLRlyUu2pF1FAWAV1_fWE3eIwi5toNi_zn8kSRBM762ElpQKJ3LK3ucNB9MagfIKz47B0JYUVf3O99yYtT1t5-ZFJWCR0qg/s1600/img094.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1066" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOIXUWdCRxxnietKMZ-nSjL2Kx7PIlQECqzT__Culy6EpsNLRlyUu2pF1FAWAV1_fWE3eIwi5toNi_zn8kSRBM762ElpQKJ3LK3ucNB9MagfIKz47B0JYUVf3O99yYtT1t5-ZFJWCR0qg/s320/img094.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Oriental Hotel 1920 (SHS 62)</span></td></tr>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Frazer Memorial Presbyterian Church [16]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Built with a bequest
from Hon. John Frazer of ‘Silva Plana’, Hawkesbury Rd. The foundation Stone was
laid on 17 August 1895 and the church was opened on 8 December 1895 by Rev.
John Walker of Woollahra. It is classified by the National Trust.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Frazer Memorial
church is a striking example of Victorian philanthropy, financed entirely from
the generosity of a prosperous Presbyterian businessman in Sydney and his
widow, Elizabeth Frazer. It reflects significantly the rapid growth of the
Scottish and Northern Irish Presbyterian community in the Lower Mountains in
the last years of the nineteenth century.<br />
<br />
The trees associated with the Frazer Memorial Church, the Cedar of Lebanon
(Cedrus libani) which was grown from a seed brought back from Lebanon by Mrs
Elizabeth Frazer, Jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia) and the Illawarra Flame
Tree (Brachychiton acerifolius) are of high significance at a local level for
their historic association with the construction of the establishment of the
Church.<br />
<br />
The design of the Frazer Memorial Church is a tribute to the important
architectural firm of Slayter and Cosh.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ-tCs7ppKuLtOzp3Pf8aY5QSAKsMPYw83B1CEQcQ8I_tE3asJ9jWoAL9nT1EQlFToMVhbc7dcgCkoJgxi-D4aySTyf_uuXmDiaW_slpPqyYzY9XHfnGZTNjL9HrhWNMfgQ0OwErO38eM/s1600/img041+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1084" data-original-width="1600" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ-tCs7ppKuLtOzp3Pf8aY5QSAKsMPYw83B1CEQcQ8I_tE3asJ9jWoAL9nT1EQlFToMVhbc7dcgCkoJgxi-D4aySTyf_uuXmDiaW_slpPqyYzY9XHfnGZTNjL9HrhWNMfgQ0OwErO38eM/s320/img041+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Frazer Memorial Church, early postcard (PF 2413)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The funds to build
this strikingly beautiful church derive from the bequest of 500 pounds and the
gift of 1.4 hectare (3.5 acres) in central Springwood made by John Frazer, who
died in 1884. Frazer was a successful Sydney merchant. Born in co. Down in 1827
to an artisan Presbyterian family, he had come from Ireland to seek his fortune
in Australia along with three siblings when he was fifteen years old. After a
period working in the bush, followed by a clerical position in Sydney, Frazer
opened a wholesale grocery business in 1847 and never looked back, leaving an
estate of £400,000 on his death. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Frazer's connection
with the Blue Mountains began in earnest when he built Silva Plana at
Springwood in 1881. This country retreat on the east side of Hawkesbury Road,
on a landscaped site of 14 hectares (35 acres) now partly occupied by the
Buckland retirement village, was characteristic of the Mountain estates
developed in the later Victorian period by a number of Sydney businessmen, politicians
and lawyers, including friends of Frazer's such as Sir Henry Parkes, whose son
Varney designed Silva Plana.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1884 Springwood
had no church of any denomination and Frazer, with the encouragement of his
friend, the Revd. James Cameron, a fellow councillor of St Andrew's College,
donated land he had acquired from Frank Raymond's grant in central Springwood,
in a very long narrow allotment, and instructed his trustees to spend 500
pounds on the building of a Presbyterian church there. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">There was, however,
a long interval between Frazer's death in 1884 and the opening of the church in
1895. This was caused by the reluctance of his trustees to release the money
until it was plain that there were sufficient Presbyterians in the Springwood
area to support a minister. In 1893 the first Presbyterian services in
Springwood were held under the turpentines on the land donated by Frazer, just
where the great cedar of Lebanon stands today, then in the Oriental Hotel and
finally in 1895 on the verandah of James Lawson's Braemar. Attendance increased
dramatically from 25 to 50 to 100, and the trustees were convinced, once the
local people had guaranteed 60 pounds a year for the minister. <br />
<br />
On 17 August 1895 the foundation stone for the church was laid by the sister of
the widowed Mrs Frazer, who was abroad at the time. Memorial stones were
laid by Mrs Frazer’s sister, the widow of John Frazer’s business partner,
William Manson; by Mrs Rayner, wife of the Methodist storekeeper whose premises
were just across the road; by Mrs Ellis, wife of John Ellis of Valley Heights,
who had signed the building contract on behalf of the church; and by Mrs Flora
Urquhart, the daughter of James Lawson, the Scottish cabinet-maker who had
built Braemar and the Oriental Hotel, where services had been held in
expectation of the building of the church. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The church was
designed by the well-known Sydney firm of Slatyer and Cosh, whose plans dated
26 June 1895 survive in the archives of their successor firm, Spain, Stewart
and Lind. The original design provided for a porch, with six steps up from
either side, but no tower or spire, although a small turret above the east end
of the porch was included, but not erected. The vestry was to be at the rear,
on the east side, with no chancel. The contractor was Neil Livingston, who
worked expeditiously, employing James Wallace Park as stonemason, so that the
church was opened only three months later, on 8 December 1895. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Mrs Frazer returned
from her trip to Europe and the Near East in 1896, bearing the seed from which
the cedar of Lebanon grew beside the church, on the site of the grove of
turpentines where the first services had been held. Elizabeth Frazer was not
satisfied with the church building, however, As the Lower Blue Mountains
Presbyterian magazine commented in December 1945, Mrs Frazer immediately
had additions made and the building beautified. The present chancel and
the porch and steeple were added. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Further, she sent
her gardener [from Silva Plana] to lay out the grounds and plant the
trees, which add to the beauty of the surroundings. (Maddock, 35) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">These additions were
done by the same firm of architects, but now under the name of Spain and Cosh,
and by the end of 1896 the church had been transformed into its present
appearance. Slayter and Cosh, later to become Spain and Cosh, were important
Federation architects. Amongst their body of work was Culwarra Chambers in
Macquarie Street, Sydney; Hollowforth in Neutral Bay and Glassyn at
Mosman.<br />
<br />
The pulpit had been originally designed also by Spain and Cosh, to be carved in
stone. The design was implemented but in wood, carved by William Maxwell
Lawson, the craftsman son of James Lawson of Braemar.<br />
<br />
During World War II the children who lived at the Burnside Homes, the great
philanthropic enterprise in North Parramatta owned by the Presbyterian Church,
were evacuated from Sydney to the Blue Mountains. Both the Buckland Hospital
and the Oriental Hotel in Springwood were requisitioned to house the children
and this brought heavy responsibilities to the minister and congregation of the
Frazer Memorial church. The evacuation was partly organized by the
distinguished theologian, Ronald G. Macintyre, who had been professor of
Systematic Theology at St Andrew’s College and was now in retirement in
Springwood. Macintyre had already dedicated the present manse behind the church
in 1941; in the following year the hall, to the east of the church, was opened
by Macintyre . <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY26Y4II_UGKWu3QrN1Fv_I4Us4lAFNIg-xAStlHN7eq1JMIEY7LT20vCPyEApHUTgfRZNAgAb-CNaiefzq5HMxw4tzUD5QwhpWPKv5enM43LlX51s_u4denfugrKky89fcIzTBPHHFCM/s1600/rayner+shs+028+ed+w+1890s+crop+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY26Y4II_UGKWu3QrN1Fv_I4Us4lAFNIg-xAStlHN7eq1JMIEY7LT20vCPyEApHUTgfRZNAgAb-CNaiefzq5HMxw4tzUD5QwhpWPKv5enM43LlX51s_u4denfugrKky89fcIzTBPHHFCM/s320/rayner+shs+028+ed+w+1890s+crop+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Rayner's Store 1890s (SHS 028</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Old Bakery Arcade, site of W.J. Rayner’s Butchery
and Bakery [17]</span></b><span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Elizabeth and William Rayner came to Springwood with their eleven children to set up a General Store in about 1877. They had formerly operated a tweed mill in Penrith that ceased making fine tweed in December 1879. Before the Rayners began their store there had been some kind of store, approximately where Braemar now stands, operated by James Stratton. Frank Raymond, from whom William purchased 40 acres of land, also had a store in his Springwood Hotel. However, Rayner's Store was a big enterprise, selling just about everything. An 1882 tourist publication stated:Old Bakery Arcade, site of W.J. Rayner’s Butchery and Bakery [17]</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>The general store of Mr W.J. Rayner will be a great boon to visitors, as
they can here be supplied at about town prices with every requisite for camping
out or arrange for the temporary occupancy of cottages; and no necessity will
exist for taking supplies from Sydney.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The store soon
expanded to incorporate a butchery and a bakery, with a large room attached to
it, known as Rayner's Hall. This was where most of the meetings and gatherings
of the town were held - the Progress Committee, various Lodges, political
gatherings, the Literary and Debating Club and concerts, despite its inadequate
size. This continued until 1893 when William found he needed the extra space
for his business. Rayner had his slaughter yards at Yellow Rock in North
Springwood and prepared tallow for sale from trimmings and poor quality
carcasses. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In December 1892
Rayner bought up a shipment of cattle that had been killed and maimed in a
goods train derailment just west of Springwood station and proceeded to boil
them down at his shop. The weather was hot and the stench pervasive, eau de
cologne was said to be at a premium and after two court sessions Rayner was
forced to move his operations to Kable’s Spring near St Columba’s, a sparsely
settled neighbourhood at that time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1894 -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Mr. Rayner is constructing a Lawn Tennis
Court on his ground adjoining the store, and judging by the labour
bestowed on it, should prove a very<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">perfect court.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The store
(demolished 1920s) was on the site of the present Westpac bank and also served
as the town’s first public hall. The butchery & bakery building (built
1890s) was demolished in 1983, the Old Bakery Arcade now occupies its site.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmBGjg17LgrrVc9aoSion228xwQHQlI0-wwezGJP0paP3Fi1Jp8tC2RWhtKFPko5WfSvO9wzHFQQapMO9C5_2pFcDQRsFHqWgMC0P4dbqZ0AQ2mhhM_HP9_fErag9jkMzYRHWvyarWGAA/s1600/cooee+march+1915.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1182" data-original-width="1600" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmBGjg17LgrrVc9aoSion228xwQHQlI0-wwezGJP0paP3Fi1Jp8tC2RWhtKFPko5WfSvO9wzHFQQapMO9C5_2pFcDQRsFHqWgMC0P4dbqZ0AQ2mhhM_HP9_fErag9jkMzYRHWvyarWGAA/s320/cooee+march+1915.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">The School of Arts in 1915 at the time of the Coo-ee March (SHS 836)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Springwood Town Square, site of the School of Arts [1]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In August 1901, a
meeting was held in the Oriental Hotel to consider an offer made by Mr. Jas. R.
Lawson of a piece of ground to be used as the site for a public hall. Accepting
this offer, the meeting decided to erect a building to be used as a Mechanics
Institute and Public Hall, the cost of which was not to exceed £350. From this
move came the School of Arts and although it was in use in 1908, the official
opening by Brinsley Hall, MLA for Hawkesbury, did not take place until 5 April
1913. Fifty-six years later, in 1969, it was demolished and the site became a
car park. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 2002 the upper
portion was established as a town square named School of Arts Square. Original
plans to incorporate a water feature were modified to a water themed sculpture,
this was later removed after it was vandalised. A memorial plaque to local
Aboriginal artist, Ian Watson (<a href="http://www.bluemountainsgazette.com.au/story/2371930/farewell-to-bundeluk/">Bundeluk</a>)
is attached to the wall near the community noticeboard. The square is well used
by the community for events and meetings. In September 2017 the tree became
known as the Love Tree and the focus of community <a href="http://www.bluemountainsgazette.com.au/story/4937655/tree-of-love-no-more/">debate</a>
leading up to the same-sex marriage plebiscite. The original memorial plaque
from the official opening is attached to the tree planter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCBYaqERFZtRL3pwT3mCLdcf-y-DvpfAOxVBBaEhG8TZLYz-Cvp6rRDhijvrLAWLcbWpcXB-GmbCIbai-ioellKP35poOZ_JZRJus9vZFYaw1OhUbIUiQgYT7aAroEIuJlEYpLtYh5r0o/s1600/royal+hs+8+c1900+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1031" data-original-width="1600" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCBYaqERFZtRL3pwT3mCLdcf-y-DvpfAOxVBBaEhG8TZLYz-Cvp6rRDhijvrLAWLcbWpcXB-GmbCIbai-ioellKP35poOZ_JZRJus9vZFYaw1OhUbIUiQgYT7aAroEIuJlEYpLtYh5r0o/s320/royal+hs+8+c1900+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Royal Hotel c.1900 (SHS 008)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Royal Hotel [3]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: white;">Thomas
Boland came to Springwood as superintendent of road gangs after a period as
licensee of the Weatherboard Inn at Wentworth Falls. Boland became the most
significant of the early developers of Springwood, opening the Springwood Inn
in 1845 and acquiring a good deal of land. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">About 1870 Boland sold the Springwood Inn but
continued to live locally and in 1881 built the Royal Hotel in Macquarie Road
for his son, Thomas Edwin, to manage. In the 1891 census the occupant of the
Royal is shown as Adam Mutch, along with four males and five females on the
night of the census. </span><span class="apple-converted-space" face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"> </span></span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The hotel was
situated on a large estate, with a cottage on the west side, built by Thomas
Boland in 1876, a kitchen garden on the southern side and tennis courts on the
east side. The estate was auctioned by
Richardson & Wrench on 11th October, 1889, following the death of Thomas
Boland Sr. in March, 1889.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lot 8 was the site
of the hotel and cottage. This was
sub-divided subsequently into Lots 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, as well as the Lot 8
on which the hotel stands.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Building development
on adjacent properties occurred as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lot 1: Shop and residence erected in 1897<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lot 2: Shop and residence, c.1892<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lot 3: 2 shops erected in the early 1920's<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lot 15: 2 shops
erected in 1902, a further shop erected on the west side in 1924<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lot 8: 3 shops and residence erected on the east
side of the hotel in 1935-36<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Lot 14:
Entertainment hall next to Boland's cottage was erected in 1903, the first
moving pictures in Springwood were shown in this building.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The hall and
buildings on adjacent sites were destroyed by fire on 3rd August, 1921. A garage
was erected on the site until 1964, when the present shops were built. The
balance of Lot 14, site of Boland's cottage, had four shops erected on it in
the early 1930's.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Electricity supply
to Springwood was provided about 1924 and town water in either January, 1936 or
1937.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The original
Victorian style building appears to have been of rectilinear form, two storey
building, with basement. Two storey verandah of cast iron columns and first
floor cast iron balustrades on front and rear facades; return verandahs on part
of the east side; closed-in verandah on ground floor level on the west side.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Hipped corrugated
iron roof, with separated corrugated iron roof to verandahs, with a slight
‘bullnose’ profile.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Two brick chimneys
with corbelled brickwork and chimney pots; triangular rendered brick pediment
projects above gutter level, with inscription "ROYAL HOTEL A.D.
1881".<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It appears that
significant improvements and additions were carried out from the early 1900's
to about 1909 by the then licensee, Mr E. Maidment. The following quotations
from the Nepean Times support this:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt;">
<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">J.B. Burrows applied for licence
to be transferred to E. Maidment. Sergeant Harris objected to transfer on
grounds place was dilapidated and in unsanitary condition.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt;">
<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Improvements were to commence
that day. Mr Maidment swore he had agreed to carry out improvements.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt;">
<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Fortnight's postponement in
matter given by Bench". (11.7.1903)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt;">
<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Mr Maidment of the Royal Hotel
is making some big improvements f at present the hotel is a wreck. Partitions
have been removed and others put in also the acetylene gas installed. According to the plans, the Royal when
finished, will be something like up-to-date." (6.6.1908)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The front of the
hotel was dramatic in spring time in the early part of the 20th century, with
wisteria blossoms:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt;">
<i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It is good for the eyes to
behold the Royal Hotel, with its glorious wisteria in full bloom - almost
covering the front from roof to ground."(Nepean Times 10.9.1913)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A photograph of c.1934
shows a new two storey front verandah, with no return to the east side. The
owner of the time was Herbert Tate. This verandah was probably built in the
1920's.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">An 'art deco' style
facade was installed in the late 1930's, incorporating a porte cochere, to
permit motor cars to unload passengers under cover.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Extensive
renovations were carried out in 1974, including modifications to the deck area
over the porte cochere and provision of a stair connection from deck to ground
level fitted. Ensuite facilities to first floor level accommodation were also
incorporated at this time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Licensees<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The first licensee
for the Royal Hotel was Thomas Boland Jnr, from 1881. The licence was
transferred to Nicholas Heggarty in 1882.
W. T. Dickson Jnr held the licence from 1884; in 1889 J. Lummins was the
licensee, until 4th February, 1893 when F. Mennie (previously Miss Smith) took
over.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It is not certain
whether the above is a complete list of early licensees, and if there is a gap
in the list to when J. B. Burrows became the licensee (at a date unknown) he
transferred the licence to E. Maidment in July, 1903.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Again, there is a
possible gap in the names of the licensees, until 1920, when records are
available:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">WILLIAMS, Harry January 1 1920<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">SIMONSENS, Christie February 7 1921<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">HUGHS, Herbert James November 16 1925<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">PIERCE, David September 3 1928<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">DWYER, William August 6 1929<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">HALE, Emily December 2 1929<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">LUMSDEN, Reginald
Louis October 20 1931<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">TATE, Herbert April 24 1935<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">ESTELL, Leah Madge September 10 1951<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">TATE, Herbert July 7 1952<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">ESTELL, Leah Madge September 8 1952<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">THOMPSON, William April 15 1953<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">THOMPSON, Geoffrey November 29 1973<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">SMART, James 988<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">MARDEN, Ronald
Leslie October 31 1988<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">YOUNAN, David December 17 1996<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: white;">Ownership
is another matter and in 1906 Martin J. Ryan, a Sydney commercial traveller,
acquired the Royal. The new owner promptly built commercial premises, known as
Ryan House, on the Royal's tennis courts (212-218 Macquarie Road, SP 058). When
Martin Ryan died in 1924, the hotel passed to his son, a Sydney solicitor, JCJ
Ryan, who died in 1945.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: white;">In 1998 extensive changes took place in the
Royal's fabric and the Brasserie, a new, fashionable restaurant, was opened at
the rear of the hotel, with commanding views over Fairy Dell.</span></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><span style="background: white;"><br /></span></span>
</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgI5lovc1C9lgcEuzfX0TMegf4EQqw5QJouhYTDRMXdA2tYpH6c2sn_mImW6CgA0hXbuXbjnIi9VnMHy8Co5G78YvhbAgvShZDW1-MZmSU6yGCTHurNsETWMLMqcIUcOA-lV_Co-dZlIWI/s1600/royal+1920+pf+4094+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1016" data-original-width="1600" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgI5lovc1C9lgcEuzfX0TMegf4EQqw5QJouhYTDRMXdA2tYpH6c2sn_mImW6CgA0hXbuXbjnIi9VnMHy8Co5G78YvhbAgvShZDW1-MZmSU6yGCTHurNsETWMLMqcIUcOA-lV_Co-dZlIWI/s320/royal+1920+pf+4094+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Royal Hotel 1913 (PF 4094)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtymUswT7Np7jJE3GT6pP2EWzMoF10WbhN9uqQLobvnUaw8kZs-V4wglKb63ApcvwsuXTM9ZhoAUdapthyphenhyphenb9vXyDTami6Bm87p1j0_SlAxTCC6Dgp5eQTs4pzoDsoG_LHuOxTuAMEQ5-w/s1600/royal+1934+pf+4096+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="915" data-original-width="1600" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtymUswT7Np7jJE3GT6pP2EWzMoF10WbhN9uqQLobvnUaw8kZs-V4wglKb63ApcvwsuXTM9ZhoAUdapthyphenhyphenb9vXyDTami6Bm87p1j0_SlAxTCC6Dgp5eQTs4pzoDsoG_LHuOxTuAMEQ5-w/s320/royal+1934+pf+4096+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Royal Hotel 1934 (PF 4096)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPrReNJb6QNa7MQfAbvHYy4PoDnl-W03-SUH3FAZcHpF76PdIbQmDGWInQlrwoysnqAnFaLKJ4M3RxMzdZtvpJTVavETYncmSWb9OHTsYtD6-TeiVBRy5Y_8dgp-Dh1IhXK5MkBfU-NSw/s1600/hs+532+1964+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="949" data-original-width="1600" height="189" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPrReNJb6QNa7MQfAbvHYy4PoDnl-W03-SUH3FAZcHpF76PdIbQmDGWInQlrwoysnqAnFaLKJ4M3RxMzdZtvpJTVavETYncmSWb9OHTsYtD6-TeiVBRy5Y_8dgp-Dh1IhXK5MkBfU-NSw/s320/hs+532+1964+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Royal Hotel 1964 (SHS 532)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="background: white;">Criterion Hotel, site; Honeysett’s
Shop and garage, site</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="background: white;">After the Springwood Hall was destroyed
by fire on 3rd August, 1921, a Garage was built on the site. On 31st October,
1929, the property was transferred from the Estate of William Honeysett to Ted
Honeysett, who for the next ten years conducted the business known as ‘The
Station Garage and Towing Service’. Later owners of the garage included Alf
Aldridge and Stan Johnson.</span><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white;"><br /></span></b>
</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE9APzF6EzGOuPn3fg0O7XK36u5vxZHdsTYbviO6vtqwMpEUz7lM7k5FA1QZViBeKft3T7mq8o2PF0Z3F3hcjxv8KCUZFQ0i8E7F0HTYnxYhWtUSJrnmla5lVbiwvegSrZG0HsqXnv5Uc/s1600/pf+208+ed.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1016" data-original-width="1600" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE9APzF6EzGOuPn3fg0O7XK36u5vxZHdsTYbviO6vtqwMpEUz7lM7k5FA1QZViBeKft3T7mq8o2PF0Z3F3hcjxv8KCUZFQ0i8E7F0HTYnxYhWtUSJrnmla5lVbiwvegSrZG0HsqXnv5Uc/s320/pf+208+ed.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Honeysett's Springwood Garage 1926 (PF 208)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpii1Uc_ts7okKC7UxNCdIya7EAXTPG-3axfLO1uSxYGUrYBkS_84dQI5nTSHGAJEpD-FwH2_dN9owBJdjIs1tf7AsvSU0mFK6_M3oNJpvyWOnxvETkGFVMd6d6JDAXbktuCx_o7gKXHs/s1600/shs+178+1918+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1008" data-original-width="1600" height="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpii1Uc_ts7okKC7UxNCdIya7EAXTPG-3axfLO1uSxYGUrYBkS_84dQI5nTSHGAJEpD-FwH2_dN9owBJdjIs1tf7AsvSU0mFK6_M3oNJpvyWOnxvETkGFVMd6d6JDAXbktuCx_o7gKXHs/s320/shs+178+1918+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Royal Hotel top, Criterion Hotel centre, Springwood Hall right (SHS 178)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="background: white;">Springwood Hall, site</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background: white;">Springwood Hall was built by
William Honeysett in 1908. It stood on the site of the later Kirklands Store. The first moving pictures
exhibited in Springwood were shown in this hall. After the hall was destroyed
by fire on 3rd August, 1921, a Garage was built on the site.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJl86ax51RM6-Ns5_XwaNObR8Rnk_yRthdnDpgc3DV3r7CQg4Pp3IpIdT-8Eghn69cD8M4vtI9elH5eXeiq5r-84IDHdCrtdm9L0AjCe8ZabjOS3OCtaEktWY1VZ-kOhZ1O9tuIIdQIfQ/s1600/pf+3097+1932+ed+w.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1194" data-original-width="1600" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJl86ax51RM6-Ns5_XwaNObR8Rnk_yRthdnDpgc3DV3r7CQg4Pp3IpIdT-8Eghn69cD8M4vtI9elH5eXeiq5r-84IDHdCrtdm9L0AjCe8ZabjOS3OCtaEktWY1VZ-kOhZ1O9tuIIdQIfQ/s320/pf+3097+1932+ed+w.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Springwood Hall 1932 (PF 3097)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i>On Friday evening
of last week a send-off was tendered to Private Tom Brett, in the Springwood
Hall. Private Brett has been employed as a fire-man at the Valley Heights depot<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">.</b> On learning that he had
decided to enlist his mates determined to suitably recognise the event of his
departure.</i></span> </blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i> Nepean Times 29.7.1916</i></span></blockquote>
</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHKaTN-YbOSiybVHXxmxWTOnhKh6iKJtCC4Nu2JDE0og6nN3flfCkgSgGH2ngtrNrsh5IEBk9-DV-vFdn8kKw0GsKYZOnG5D_6rQIzCaEenEVxuGfVvAG_fE5cLcePZKeo9GJSPxvzAs0/s1600/mac+rd+hs+693+ed+1990.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1112" data-original-width="1600" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHKaTN-YbOSiybVHXxmxWTOnhKh6iKJtCC4Nu2JDE0og6nN3flfCkgSgGH2ngtrNrsh5IEBk9-DV-vFdn8kKw0GsKYZOnG5D_6rQIzCaEenEVxuGfVvAG_fE5cLcePZKeo9GJSPxvzAs0/s320/mac+rd+hs+693+ed+1990.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Macquarie Rd 1990 showing the Arnold shop right, Oxley's pharmacy centre (SHS 693)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Arnold’s Grocer shop, 246 Macquarie Rd</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">One of the earliest
surviving buildings in this stretch of Macquarie Rd. A two storey interwar
building with 'E N Arnold' and 'Kinkara Tea' sign painted high on the western wall, now
partly obscured by modern graffiti.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6t7YZNLSyjSj_Mapxj6pugBkb9FyE6u9WoRvyjaQjsSPLYy6hCTQKcBLx4mMJd_sBaCVQ0qnXrLtBEF4Cq0Jfn9l214n72eVXF7oIkGGHYGRf__W_-bgbVDpbBbrRds5Q0nxg2SxgSI4/s1600/shs+180+ferns+1910+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1008" data-original-width="1600" height="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6t7YZNLSyjSj_Mapxj6pugBkb9FyE6u9WoRvyjaQjsSPLYy6hCTQKcBLx4mMJd_sBaCVQ0qnXrLtBEF4Cq0Jfn9l214n72eVXF7oIkGGHYGRf__W_-bgbVDpbBbrRds5Q0nxg2SxgSI4/s320/shs+180+ferns+1910+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">The Ferns guesthouse 1910 (SHS 180)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Site of The Ferns Guesthouse </span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Built 1883 by John
Ogle who lived there with his family, later leased by Fanny Smith licensee of
the Royal Hotel and later by the Palmer family - Mr Palmer was a school master
at Springwood Public School. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Mr Ogle died in 1893
at the age of 39, and in 1897 Mrs Ogle sold it to Judge W <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Kippax and family for £750. </span><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The Kippax family came to reside in the Springwood area in the late
1890s, taking up residence in The Ferns. A news item in the Nepean Times in
July 1897 noted that Judge Kippax had been keeping a boarding house there for
the last twelve months and, because he was happy with the business, purchased
the property from Mr Ogle. </span><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">William Kippax
senior had married Elizabeth Robertson in 1849 and eleven children were born.
Annie R. was the first, born in 1850, followed by Eliza 1852, William 1854,
Elizabeth 1857, Edwin 1859, Frank 1862, Walter 1864, Lizzie 1867, Kate 1869,
Norman Surrey 1871 and Elsie May 1874<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">The 1903 electoral roll impressively listed
Norman Surrey Kippax and William Kippax as ‘men of independent means’ while
Eliza, Elizabeth, Elsie May and Lizzie were noted as performing mere domestic
duties. This seems ironic when one considers that the women of the family, and
in particular Lizzie, were the driving forces behind the operation of The Ferns
as a guesthouse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1941 Miss Hazel
Wordsworth celebrated her 18<sup>th</sup> birthday there. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In December 1943,
Mrs Marjorie Frances Broomhead, wife of Mr John Charles Broomhead, "The
Ferns," Bathurst Road, Springwood, fell to her death from the cliffs at
the Gap, Watson's Bay. She was 34 years of age and had been in ill-health, she left
a daughter, Edle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The last known guest
house proprietor was Mrs Breen in 1938. In the early 1950s it was occupied by Herbert
Tully, ladies hairdresser. The Ferns was demolished around 1955. Several
commercial premises, including the RSPCA shop and Blue Mountains Credit Union
now occupy the site.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE51IB1H2Sa-eOfQzUJDAPiXJQxN5B2tJOgdMKym_XbTGqDTTV3Ym53xzqq5G2LZRqLyuzKBStmrD1912N7AglGiEomm9uUjlQxqfHiPkSVcGBVnadtYp9XUwcAEDprs4N15B5GfK29mk/s1600/rest+park+1965+pf+561+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1264" data-original-width="1600" height="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE51IB1H2Sa-eOfQzUJDAPiXJQxN5B2tJOgdMKym_XbTGqDTTV3Ym53xzqq5G2LZRqLyuzKBStmrD1912N7AglGiEomm9uUjlQxqfHiPkSVcGBVnadtYp9XUwcAEDprs4N15B5GfK29mk/s320/rest+park+1965+pf+561+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Rest Park 1965 (PF 561)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Rest Park [4]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">This park is situated in Macquarie Road,
opposite the subway <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">at </span>the
western end of the Springwood Shopping Centre. This land was part of Thomas
Boland's Portion: 1A which he had acquired on 7th January, 1862.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The Boland family in 1885 donated a block of
land and the sum of £100 for the purpose of erecting a Roman Catholic Church in
Springwood. When Rev. Father McGough took charge of the Blue Mountains Parish
in August, 1890, there was an amount of £164 ready for the building of the
church. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">A contract was let to Mr Frederick Lawrence for
a weatherboard, iron-roofed Church 40 feet by 20 feet, with a 12 feet by 10
feet vestry at a cost of £160. A paling fence around the ground cost £20. In
January, 1892 the Church of St Thomas was blessed and opened by Dr Higgens,
Auxiliary Bishop.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The congregation was small at first but as it
grew a larger Church became necessary. The block of land on which the building
stood was too small for extensions to be built so in 1918, the present Church
site was purchased from the Frazer estate for the sum of £800, and the new
Church was erected and opened in 1919.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">To provide school accommodation the old building
was in 1921 removed and re-erected alongside the new building. (This building
has now been demolished)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">With the Church no longer requiring the land it
was resumed by the then Blue Mountains Shire Council and gazetted for public
recreation on 15th June, 1923; the Church receiving 150 pounds compensation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In June 1924 The Nepean times reported:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i>The new Rest Park is taking shape and Mr. Jack Johnson, who carried out
the improvements, on behalf of the Urban Committee, has done his work well. The
Horticultural Society has donated a handsome garden seat for the Park. Who'll
give another?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In September, 1924 efforts were made to lease
the land and erect a Soldiers' Memorial Hall. The Shire Council referred this
to the Springwood Urban Committee, who rejected the proposal, stating they had
already spent a large amount of money to establish a park on the site.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In August 1947 the Springwood Urban committee
remarked that the Shire Council “ in view of the Committee's frequent requests,
has now completed public conveniences situated in Rest Park, for which we
express our appreciation.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";">Recent plans to rezone the park </span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";">for possible development </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";">have been unpopular - <a href="http://www.bluemountainsgazette.com.au/story/5312025/no-burial-for-springwoods-rest-park-after-all/">http://www.bluemountainsgazette.com.au/story/5312025/no-burial-for-springwoods-rest-park-after-all/</a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtOCjMahgjRRNwWE6Lzc_MjZn44DP3sr5dgAB84MqB7IdsCxHcTl3B9zEqxzV0Izkw0tY-OBS4-5SjQfhF3y4z68yx_GNv0FvBb6bxYro1eddB3Br5RMPQWgWLNkpfD0SHjXe_Is7xtwA/s1600/pf+2332+1985+img819+ed+fire+station+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="990" data-original-width="1600" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtOCjMahgjRRNwWE6Lzc_MjZn44DP3sr5dgAB84MqB7IdsCxHcTl3B9zEqxzV0Izkw0tY-OBS4-5SjQfhF3y4z68yx_GNv0FvBb6bxYro1eddB3Br5RMPQWgWLNkpfD0SHjXe_Is7xtwA/s320/pf+2332+1985+img819+ed+fire+station+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Fire Station 1985 (PF 2332a)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Fire Station - 282 Macquarie Rd</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">This site was
originally occupied by the railway station master's residence. Springwood's
first fire station was in Jerseywold Avenue, this was followed by one opposite
the Post Office. It was then <span lang="EN-US">bought by the New South Wales Board of Fire Commissioners in 1951 after
severe bush fires had demonstrated that the 1937 Fire Brigade premises in the
shopping area were insufficient.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In 1951 the building was renovated for its new
purpose and a shed was built to house fire equipment. In 1958 a complete
remodelling of the former stationmaster's house was undertaken to provide 'a
modern fire station, featuring washroom, amenities hall, meeting room, kitchen
and store rooms', with a motorised pump and a water tanker housed in another
building to the side. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In 1986 the site was cleared and the building,
with its foundations, was demolished to permit the construction of the present
fire station. This new station, designed by Davey, Brindley and Vickers Pty Ltd
of Neutral Bay, and built by Welch Bros of Wetherill Park, was much larger,
with space for four fire-fighting appliances, a mess, an activities room, a
store, a kitchen and shower room. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Site of the Roxy Theatre, Springwood Boys &
Girls Club - 288-290 Macquarie Rd</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">During World War I the Goldsmith family of
Katoomba owned the whole of lot 7 in section 1 of the sub-division of western
Springwood. They built a cottage on part of the allotment and used the
remainder as a wood yard. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In 1923 George Goldsmith jnr and John Ephraim
Goldsmith sold the entire allotment to Harry Williams of Springwood, who built
a fairly basic amusement hall on the wood yard site, seating 450 people. This
Plaza Picture Show opened in February 1923, showing films on Wednesday and
Saturday evenings. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Later in the 1920s Williams divided the
allotment, selling the cottage to the local baker, Henry Taber, and the picture
theatre to Mrs Yvonne Saul, who was succeeded in 1930 by her daughter, Miss
Lilian Jean Saul. Lilian Saul lived on the north coast of New South Wales, at
South West Rocks, and in 1933 sold her inherited Springwood investment to
William Woodrick of Haberfield, who was already involved in the cinema
business. (Rate Books)</span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In 1936 -7 Woodrick remodelled the old Plaza
(described as a large barn without a roof) into the fashionable Roxy,
redesigned in 'Continental modem style, suitable for Neon and floodlighting',
with a 'streamlined' interior and a new front vestibule. The architects for the
transformation were well-known theatre designers Guy Crick and Bruce Furse. It
was hailed in autumn 1937 as 'an up-to-date amusement hall... [which] will be
the scene of many balls and social functions during the winter. (Nepean Times,
1 April 1937; Katoomba Daily, 30 July 1936)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">It is not known when
the Roxy Theatre eventually closed its doors as a picture show, but it
eventually found a new life as a children’s sports club.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">On 12th January, 1956 a town meeting in the <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Roxy Theatre was addressed by </span>Ald. K.
C. Bates. (President of the Blackheath Boys' Club) who stressing the need for a
similar club to be formed in the Springwood District.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">The speech was met by great acclamation and the
meeting was then addressed by the local Alderman, Ald. Manners on the same
lines. It was then moved by Mr F. Watson and seconded by Mr H. Townsend that a
club named the <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Springwood &
District Citizens' Boys' Club, </span>be formed. This motion was discussed and
a suggestion put that the name be changed to read <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Youth Club, </span>this amendment was defeated by vote and the club was
formed.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; color: #666666;"> </span><span style="background: white; color: #666666;">T</span></span></i><i><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">he initial aims to “afford the boys an opportunity of participating in
healthy recreation and to be taught the principles of good citizenship.”</span></i><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></blockquote>
</div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">By the end of 1956, the club had a large number
of boys involved in activities. They were running games nights, Physical
Training nights and had three football teams. Numerous Carnival days had been
held at Lomatia Park and competitions organised between the club and other
clubs, schools etc. Sometime in 1956 activities were switched from the Church
of England hall to the RSL Hall.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The year 1958 saw the club grow further in
numbers with more equipment being purchased. It also saw the club move its
activities to the Springwood School of Arts <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">located in what is now the car park next to the Westpac Bank below the
present Town Square. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">In 1958, a separate Springwood Girls Club was
formed and used the same premises and equipment as the boys club, with which it
eventually merged. In 1963 the combined club now known as the Springwood Boys
and Girls club, had the opportunity to purchase the now run-down Roxy Theatre.
The old theatre needed much work, but by the end of 1963, the club had occupied
the building and commenced<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>activities.
In 1964 the club finalised the purchase and this became its new home.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">By the 1980s it was becoming clear that old
building was inadequate and new premises were needed. Through the strenuous
fund raising efforts of parents and volunteers, State and Federal grants and a
loan from Blue Mountains Council, a modern </span>purpose built
permanent venue, equipped with Olympic standard gymnastic equipment (including
a full sized sprung floor) was completed</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">for the <a href="http://www.sbagc.com.au/">Springwood
& District Citizens Boys & Girls Club</a> at Valley heights in
1995.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Although the Boys and Girls Club, Roxy Theatre,
and the Plaza before it, enjoyed widespread community support as a focal point
of entertainment and children’s activities in the Springwood district, the
total destruction of the hall and its replacement by the massive Community
Health Centre in 1997 have eliminated all traces from the site.</span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyguPLrTzDA3pg1N888CCuxxWlFGkxMdU5rPL93lbehh5CDJ6KX1EkzXZKXiBF6XQCs-NQ6IsJOnVtz-yCML3zR6aoVH1aYkK-dTCBI8dz-gSA75FLA749s6NcU_MVUdQfJZgOmhMcsJA/s1600/homedale+hs+248+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1241" data-original-width="1600" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyguPLrTzDA3pg1N888CCuxxWlFGkxMdU5rPL93lbehh5CDJ6KX1EkzXZKXiBF6XQCs-NQ6IsJOnVtz-yCML3zR6aoVH1aYkK-dTCBI8dz-gSA75FLA749s6NcU_MVUdQfJZgOmhMcsJA/s320/homedale+hs+248+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Homedale c.1930 (SHS 248)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Wingara Hamlets and the Baptist Church [5]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Baptist Church
is on the site of "Homedale", built for JB Hoare in 1881. In 1918
this became the Blue Mountains Grammar School. The first headmaster was EK Deane,
whose son John took over on his death in 1944. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1951 Deane sold
his school to the MacLaurin C of E School which had opened in Leura in 1949 and
was moving to Coorah, the former home of the Pitt family at Wentworth Falls. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The new name of Blue
Mountains CofE Grammar School was adopted. Homedale was converted into flats
and later acquired by the Baptist Church. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1957 a small
wooden church was bought in Sydney and re-erected in the Homedale grounds as
the first Baptist church.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The present
church was opened in 1965 and, at about same time, the Wingara retirement complex.
Homedale was demolished in 1975 to expand the retirement village. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">[Adjacent Homedale
St runs off Macquarie Rd.]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn-zKEavezeay7_4dmDHfb1s8tqKmCumhu3U76ZXT01p6jhZkPRXDvuA5leKo9EOyZOPT7SGlHRsjbFBxO_Dl-D1ncRT-bgT4agQ2jcwGMnzEOXsM2WMx7yhRc8ia9JI3v36CPIspJAVk/s1600/shs+199+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1275" data-original-width="1600" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn-zKEavezeay7_4dmDHfb1s8tqKmCumhu3U76ZXT01p6jhZkPRXDvuA5leKo9EOyZOPT7SGlHRsjbFBxO_Dl-D1ncRT-bgT4agQ2jcwGMnzEOXsM2WMx7yhRc8ia9JI3v36CPIspJAVk/s320/shs+199+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Macquarie Memorial 1965, 150th anniversary of the naming of Springwood, Tom Morony holds the Springwood Crest drawn by Norman Lindsay. From left: John Eddington, Bruce Jackson, Mayor Tom Hunter. (SHS 199)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Macquarie Memorial</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1937, His Honour
Judge Curlewis, the Hon. T.D. Mutch and Mr Surveyor J.F. Campbell. F.R.H.S., at
the request of the Springwood Development League, visited Springwood to locate
the site of the original Springwood Military Barracks and the spring after
which Macquarie named Springwood in 1815.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They decided that the barracks were located adjacent to the residence of
Mr W.G. Gibbs of Railway Parade (now Macquarie Road), Springwood and the spring
was in Madeline Gully off Boomerang Road.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">It was decided to
erect monuments at both sites and Mr William Gibbs, retired Gulgong Shire
Clerk, agreed to donate a small part of his land (9ft 1in.) to the Blue
Mountains Shire Council for the Macquarie Monument in Railway Parade.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The deeds for this portion of land were duly
forwarded by solicitors Lawson, Waldron, Edwards and Nicholls to the Council.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In March, 1939,
members of the Royal Australian Historical Society, invited by the Blue
Mountains Shire Council and the Springwood Development League, came to
Springwood for the <a href="http://springwoodhistorians.blogspot.com.au/2011/01/story-behind-springwood-macquarie.html">unveiling
of the monument</a> by their President, Mr K.R. Cramp.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also present were Judge Backhouse, Mr Joseph
Jackson, M.L.A., and Cr W. Mathews, President of the Blue Mountains Shire
Council and Crs A. Hodgson and B. Honeysett.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>After the unveiling, the party enjoyed afternoon tea at the Royal Hotel
and a trip to the Hawkesbury Lookout.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In May 1965, the
site of the Monument was chosen to commemorate the 150th Anniversary of the
naming of Springwood. Tom Morony from the Springwood Historical Society accepted the
Springwood Coat of Arms drawn by Norman Lindsay.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">[Now return to the
railway pedestrian crossing gates, cross over Ferguson Rd. and turn right.]</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhq7K_C9577MQdLNB2v60GfevhhUxvC2yWlmOCzddDXYCZ_zpci7q7uvENXU0o4Z99ZimsD58hZiYj0GIbiD3f5ATBlexWRK93QjeRLijrDFgvYvnAiQN2hqn7O6ESfzNh8UsfwAMMXEW8/s1600/shs+27a++ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="840" data-original-width="1600" height="167" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhq7K_C9577MQdLNB2v60GfevhhUxvC2yWlmOCzddDXYCZ_zpci7q7uvENXU0o4Z99ZimsD58hZiYj0GIbiD3f5ATBlexWRK93QjeRLijrDFgvYvnAiQN2hqn7O6ESfzNh8UsfwAMMXEW8/s320/shs+27a++ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Boland's Inn, later Loorana (SHS 27a)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Site of the Springwood Inn, Boland’s Inn, 8-9
Ferguson Rd [6]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The site on Ferguson
Road has special significance for the early development of Springwood, as the
location first of the re-sited military stockade and then of the earliest inn
within the settlement on the Bathurst road. Stockade sites, with a military
presence supervising convicts engaged primarily on road works, are of very high
significance at the State level along Cox’s and Mitchell’s lines of road over
the Mountains. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">As an inn and
guesthouse intermittently for ninety years, the site retained a historical
presence, strategically located close to the railway station of 1867. Around
1833 the military stockade was moved to this location, where it operated until closing
in1845, at which time its buildings and land were acquired by Thomas Boland. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The buildings on the
site included a slab hut with three bedrooms, a sitting room and pantry, a
detached kitchen, storeroom and stables. There was a vegetable garden well
supplied with water. Boland, with his inn keeping experience and time spent
working on the Western Road, could see the need for an inn in Springwood to
serve increasing number of travellers on the road to Bathurst. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Boland did not
demolish the officers’ quarters, but developed the building so that it ‘had
sandstone flags for the floors and the verandah, the kitchen was separate from
the house with an overhead cover connecting it to the dining room’. Boland used
timber from the barracks to convert the slab building to weatherboard rather
than to build from scratch. The stone foundations and cellar which were
excavated early in 2003 almost certainly belong to the officers' quarters. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The stockade had its
water supply from a dam of which there are surviving elements on the north side
of the present Great Western Highway, in the garden of 1 Boomerang Street,
Springwood. The primary function of this dam was to irrigate the military
vegetable garden, which was some distance from Boland’s building, so the well
in the backyard of 8-9 Ferguson Road was either dug for the convenience of the
officers or by Boland after 1845. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Boland licensed the
reconditioned building as the Springwood Inn, a single-storey weatherboard on
what was then the main road west and is now Ferguson Road: he remained the
owner and licensee for more than two decades and many local identities used his
facilities, including Sir Henry Parkes and Sir James Martin, as well as the
philanthropist, <a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chisholm-caroline-1894">Caroline
Chisolm</a> travelling with groups of young women immigrants en route to the
interior. In the 1850s large numbers of Chinese diggers camped in the grounds
on their way to the gold fields. This period saw the opening of the western
railway, with Springwood station conveniently close to the inn, and Boland
became the first stationmaster in 1867.<br />
<br />
The rail-link to the city encouraged travel, tourism and the construction of
holiday homes. The Springwood Inn (usually known as Boland's Inn) benefited
from this increased traffic. Presumably because of diversifying interests and
advancing years, Boland chose to sell his inn around 1870, while continuing to
live locally, along with Madeline, his stormy petrel of a daughter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">By 1890 the old inn
had become a guesthouse, called Loorana, run initially by Thomas Edwin Boland,
a son of the original Thomas who died in 1889. Thomas Edwin also ran the Royal
Hotel (SP 045), built by his father around 1808. (BMCC Local Studies, Boland
file). In the early 1890s Loorana was operated by W. Jenkins and from 1895
until probably 1898 by Mrs Eeg. For a time the guesthouse was unoccupied and
used by the Reading Room Group in the township in 1898, but from at least World
War I until 1939 it was run by the Johnstone family. (Pam Smith) A photograph
of Loorana, in use as a guesthouse, survives from about 1930. (Local Studies,
photo 270). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1939, on the
death of Theodore Johnstone, the building which had successively been the
former officers’ house, an inn and a guesthouse was demolished and a
single-storey brick cottage was built on the site (Silvey 91). The cottage was
used as a residence and also as medical consulting rooms until it was
demolished in 2002.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Former railway cottages, 1- 3 Ferguson Rd [7]</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Built for railway
staff, they date from the early 20<sup>th</sup> century.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Thomas Boland Place [8]</span></b><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Thomas Boland has
been described as "The Father of Springwood". He was born in </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Tipperary in Ireland in 1819 and arrived in Australia with his wife and
daughter in 1838. Thomas was a lifelong friend of Sir Henry Parkes, both having
travelled to Australia on the same ship but a year apart. </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">After selling The
Springwood Inn he built a residence, "Clearview", at Faulconbridge
and died there in 1889, aged 87 years. He is buried in the Emu Plains Cemetery.
The plaque is within the Springwood commuter Car Park which now occupies this
space. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">[Now cross under the
railway line via the pedestrian tunnel and turn left.]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2VRapdoyb9BFxn0Qzb7QkvAHu_O0i3QBbqdsOOzdbuAQGBt4bbRAz-P7MkGCTdqSmmR6F1_DX_00okJplWKSGBPh89RCFAa_m_kOlr8hagSGB_WZJawikyxjN3WN8TWNhCxNitCoDO0E/s1600/pf+3103+ed+w+bw+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1171" data-original-width="1600" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2VRapdoyb9BFxn0Qzb7QkvAHu_O0i3QBbqdsOOzdbuAQGBt4bbRAz-P7MkGCTdqSmmR6F1_DX_00okJplWKSGBPh89RCFAa_m_kOlr8hagSGB_WZJawikyxjN3WN8TWNhCxNitCoDO0E/s320/pf+3103+ed+w+bw+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Springwood Railway platform looking west (PF 3103)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Springwood Railway Station [9]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Springwood Railway
Station Group is of state significance as an important railway station for over
140 years with several trains to and from Sydney starting and terminating here.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The first, wooden,
railway platform was built in 1867 during construction of the main western rail
line. Thomas Boland’s son, James Tanner was Springwood's first station master.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The main station
building dates from 1884 and is the second oldest surviving station building in
the Blue Mountains. It is an unusual example of a Victorian Gothic railway
station building and<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>one of three
stations in the Blue Mountains dating from upgraded in 1880s, demonstrating
increase of tourism activity (the others being Lawson and Wentworth Falls) and
is the only station building surviving from this period. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The walls of the
original building are Flemish bond tuck-pointed brickwork with sandstone
capping to the parapets and sandstone quoins to the external corners and reveals
to openings. An arch on the centre of the original parapets has a stone infill
carved with 'ERECTED 1884'. Sandstone finials top the gables and bull’s-eye
vents in the gables are edged with sandstone.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Modifications to the
building resulting from the duplication of the railway line in 1902 retained
the elegant Victorian Gothic character of the station. With the intact lavatory
building it is an important element in the chain of railway stations across the
Blue Mountains. The size of the main station building and its solid
well-detailed construction suggests the growing importance of the village of
Springwood in the 1880s. Springwood Railway Station Group is important to the
local townscape forming a landmark at the curve in Macquarie Street towards the
western end of the shopping centre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">[Now cross under the
railway line via the pedestrian tunnel and turn left up the platform steps to
inspect the railway station.]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPm0ASXL0U8AaSYrkPJRhJeqlHQ2tR6v3SD9yx99NSGlJbWURwwponmyHGGw_2cTXdI_71rl3UgR_DnlL5EGZW2N114Sv0yZFjeeFV1c7nllbA8A6R4a2Uxneo-6RLZFhfEQm2e33pUvY/s1600/pf+2332+1985+img817+police+station+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="996" data-original-width="1600" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPm0ASXL0U8AaSYrkPJRhJeqlHQ2tR6v3SD9yx99NSGlJbWURwwponmyHGGw_2cTXdI_71rl3UgR_DnlL5EGZW2N114Sv0yZFjeeFV1c7nllbA8A6R4a2Uxneo-6RLZFhfEQm2e33pUvY/s320/pf+2332+1985+img817+police+station+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Manners Park and the old Police Station 1985 (PF 2332b)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Manners Park and the Old Police Lock-up [10]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Manners Park has
been closely associated with law and order in Springwood from the 1880s until
the 1970s. It contains not only the striking little lock-up but also a
nineteenth-century underground cistern and the archaeological site of the
original wooden police-station, </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">when the first police officer,
Constable John Illingworth was in charge. </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Early records show this portion No 60 comprising
41 acres being acquired by Crown Purchase on 11 November1875 by Madeline Boland,
daughter of Thomas Boland, see entry for Boland’s Inn. However on 5 November
1875 this land had been reserved from public sale to be used for future Crown
use, a fact that did not surface during Miss Boland’s acquisition. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">On 5th November 1876, this small roughly
triangular section was notified as <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">a<i>
</i></span>reserve for public buildings. The Council of Education acquired the
eastern part of the land in 1877 to build a school and teacher's residence.
(This area is now a car park). The land to the west of the school grounds was,
in 1879, taken up by the Police Department.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Prior to the 1876 notification of the reserve,
Madeline Boland had built a cottage named ‘Bonnie Doon’ on the site but was
forced <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">to abandon</span> it in return
for £50 which she accepted and built a cottage on land to the north of the
railway line in an area now called Madeline Glen at the end of Boland Ave.
Bonnie Doon became part of the new school master’s residence. In 1892 Miss
Boland opened the town’s second grocery shop, the other was Rayner’s store, see
entry.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In 1881 Springwood's first police station was established
on the site as a result of lengthy community lobbying. According to local
businessman Frank Raymond, Springwood in the later 1870s was becoming a lawless
place. He wrote as much to Sir Henry Parkes soliciting his help in a campaign
to have a police officer permanently stationed at Springwood. He argued that
the increasing incidence of lawlessness warranted a permanent constable and
quoted from his sure knowledge cases of several thefts from the railway
platform, one stolen horse, one attempted suicide, two cases of insanity, one
imbecile, sly-grog selling, larrikinism and the immense problem of
deforestation caused by the wood cutters and bush-men. He wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" lang="EN-US"><i>Unfortunately we </i></span><span lang="EN-US"><i><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">a getting a very rough class of men around us
in the wood-cutters and bush-men, and this class is likely to be largely
augmented by those who will be brought here with the object of getting sleepers
for the new railway extensions.</span></i><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></blockquote>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Raymond suggested that the old Criterion Hotel
opposite the railway platform be rented as a residence for the constable noting
its convenient position to survey both the road and rail traffic. He begged Sir
Henry Parkes to help him <i>"in procuring what appears to me a great boon
to the residents of Springwood and its vicinity"<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">An Inspector James
Ryeland was sent to Springwood in September 1877 to investigate the veracity of
Raymond's claims and the need or otherwise for a permanent station. He reported
that he, <i>"found the neighbourhood very quiet and the constable who
attends here in duty informs me that he has never seen any misconduct in the
neighbourhood nor has any case of petty theft been reported to him "<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The report of this investigation was sent to the
Inspector General of Police, Edmund Fosberry, who concluded the investigation
by stating,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>The number of residents in the neighbourhood will probably increase and it may become necessary to station a constable there but at present I do not think one as required. A similar application has been made to me from Mount Vict</i></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">oria where I am of the opinion a
c</span><span lang="EN-US">onstable is more needed than at Springwood - but I have not felt justified in
complying</span></span></i><span lang="EN-US"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>.</i></span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></blockquote>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">And there the matter dropped for another two
years.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">By 1879 the problems that Raymond had referred
to had grown worse. Another inspection was made of the town by a Police Inspector
to gauge the necessity or otherwise of a permanent police station. This officer
found,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>...the greatest cause for complaint is from tramps and drunken rowdyism, drink it appears being procured from Penrith. Hotel well conducted the houses are mostly isolated and the principal occupants necessarily away a good deal. Therefore no doubt if a police station has to be established it will give general satisfaction...</i></span></blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The principal issue
now was where a police constable's quarters could be found or established in
the town. The investigating officer found that there were none to rent and no
Government land available in the town with the exception of that part in the
possession of the Council of Education. It was described as,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><i>...about 3/4 of an acre, fenced, in a good position with a weatherboard room about 12x12 iron roof thereon and not in use which would make a temporary station for a foot constable (single man) if the Council of Education would grant the use of the same and give the land or part thereof as a site for a police station.</i></span></blockquote>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="WordSection1">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The ‘weatherboard
room’ was in fact Miss Boland’s cottage that she had been forced to relinquish.</span></div>
<div class="WordSection2">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The matter was
discussed at a meeting in April 1879 and the School Board agreed that a portion
of the land applied for by the Police Department for building purposes should
be granted being 150 feet along the railway fence starting from the angle near
the platform (16).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">The Board allowed
this concession having refused the full 180 feet which had been requested by
the Police Department; the difference appears to have been what is now the site
of the Post Office which was retained by the School. The site was slightly
smaller than it now is; it acquired a portion in 1900 bringing it to the
present boundaries. The Council also refused the use of the old cottage which
was then moved to the back of the headmaster's house. Approval for the land
grant was given on 12 May 1879. On 13 June 1879 the Under Secretary wrote to
the Council of Education to inform it that the Colonial Secretary had approved
the offer made by the Council to provide part of its site for a police station.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">The site available
for the police lacked any quarters or working buildings for the new constable.
To remedy this situation tenders were called in March 1880 for the erection of
a police station at Springwood. The plans and specifications were prepared by
the Colonial Architect and were available to be viewed at both his office and
the Court House at Penrith. Neither plans nor specifications for the buildings
survive. The successful applicant for the work was F. Staveley. He was notified
of his commission by April 1880. Frederick Staveley owned 40 acres in
Blackheath, Staveley Pde there was<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>named
after him in 1889.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The weatherboard building that was erected
served as residence, lock-up and police office until 1894 when it was reported
that the constable’s quarters were not sufficient for his family and a new
detention cell was built separately from the house. </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1901, just prior to the duplication of the railway line adjacent, the
<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108233897">lock-up</a> was moved
four metres farther away from the line and has remained disused for half a
century. </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Other buildings were added to the Police Reserve
over the following years. They included water closets, a stables, wash house, garage and another cell. From 1939 the site was only used for police administrative purposes; a residence was rented elsewhere in Springwood. The buildings in Manners Park, except for the detention cell, were demolished in 1954.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Springwood's second police station was erected
as a temporary building in 1952, pending the construction of a new station on a site on the eastern side of the
post office (which was never built). It remained in police use until 1982 when the new
police station was built across the railway line in Jerseywold Ave. However the
old temporary building is still in use as a youth drop-in centre operated by
community services staff known as The Mountains Youth Services Team.</span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Following the demolition of the original police
building, the Springwood Progress Association was very active in its efforts to
have the site put to some use. This bore fruit for, on the 13th April, 1956,
the area became Manners Park, so named after a local resident and alderman of
the Blue Mountains City Council, Gunson ‘Gus’ Manners.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The footprint of the
original police station is now outlined in brick pavers and a plaque featuring
the building of Cox’s Road was installed in 2015. </span><span lang="EN-US"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The small stone relic on the southern boundary
is the top of the large underground tank, built in 1881, that supplied water to
the original police station. The tank is still probably within the site and is
described on the plans as having a capacity of 6797 gallons (about 25,000
litres). </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The detention cell is a rare example of its
type, the only one listed for the entire Blue Mountains local government area
and one of few in the state. It is the most visible, intact relic of the
nineteenth century station. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The mature cedar deodar was planted in 1978 when
the Springwood Neighbourhood Centre opened and was part of celebrations for
International Year of the Child in 1979. It is decorated by the local school
children every Christmas. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDuvyy6cubzIfiPQdOZAwe5XunyA62koWCcMHYkZurclkYrBuO9mHOC3-TOB1rzkr-MZhRR-KzLFVixMt8akLNBMYT1chERxKVpcAuF3KzCfnSFOr7aK176ZT25B5bJIUJOmsj-cgWdQ8/s1600/pf+2332+1985+img818+PO+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="998" data-original-width="1600" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDuvyy6cubzIfiPQdOZAwe5XunyA62koWCcMHYkZurclkYrBuO9mHOC3-TOB1rzkr-MZhRR-KzLFVixMt8akLNBMYT1chERxKVpcAuF3KzCfnSFOr7aK176ZT25B5bJIUJOmsj-cgWdQ8/s320/pf+2332+1985+img818+PO+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Post Office 1985 (PF 2332 c)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Post Office [11]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Postal services took
some time to be regularised in the Blue Mountains. The first post office
between the Nepean River and Mount Victoria was for railway workers at
Wentworth Falls between 1864 and 1868, but the first general postal facility
was Valley Heights post office, opened in December 1876. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In Springwood, the
few residents, gingered by Charles Moore, petitioned for a post office in 1876
at the same time as the same group successfully applied for a public school.
Although the postal authorities in Sydney were less impressed than the school inspector,
claiming that there were 'only five residents at Springwood besides Mr Moore',
a receiving office on Springwood railway station was opened in May 1877 and a
postmaster was appointed in 1880, in reflection of increasing business. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The railway station
remained the focus of postal facilities for the rest of the nineteenth century.
The lamp room was fitted out as a post and telegraph office in 1891-2, but this
proved to be 'damp and unhealthy' and in 1897 negotiations began to acquire the
western 20 metres (66 feet) of vacant land between the public school on
Macquarie Road and the police-station beside the railway station. The transfer
of land was finally agreed in 1899, when Varney Parkes, son of Sir Henry, was
Postmaster General, at the cost of 500 pounds. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Tenders for a post
office building were called in July 1900 and the successful contractor, J.
Beaumont, completed the work on 24 January 1901. It opened for business on 5
February 1901. A shelter shed for letter-carriers' horses was completed in the
following June and the back verandah was enclosed at the end of 1903. From
1912-1965 it also housed the manual telephone exchange. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Springwood Post
Office is much altered from its original 1901 form. It is inter-war in
character with only a few hints of its federation origins. The building has a
hipped roof wing fronting Macquarie Road with a rear hipped roof wing facing
east to the adjacent carpark. The entry to the present office is through the
verandah on the east side of the rear wing, despite the recessed porch off
Macquarie Street. A rear hipped roof wing with a corbelled brick chimney could
be a survivor from the 1901 post office, along with a gabled building in the
rear yard. The building retains significance since it has never ceased to be a
post office. In a central location in the main shopping area of Springwood, the
post office retains an important part of the community.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgxjoLKuaMzKTXjIkhQhlRL9fNY6V1nkvbACmf4mUDcqxlCF8_OYgpUVD1m1mkBg-xEVZ2P7MDLv10a6Z6rAriT7L-csxARAXMVmFl-d7R4w3_yAIP9EeaYmY632lWGhHd1wFHthCWFiI/s1600/Springwood+Public+School+1910+Empire+Day+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1081" data-original-width="1600" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgxjoLKuaMzKTXjIkhQhlRL9fNY6V1nkvbACmf4mUDcqxlCF8_OYgpUVD1m1mkBg-xEVZ2P7MDLv10a6Z6rAriT7L-csxARAXMVmFl-d7R4w3_yAIP9EeaYmY632lWGhHd1wFHthCWFiI/s320/Springwood+Public+School+1910+Empire+Day+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Springwood Public School, Empire Day 1910 (SHS 074)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Site of First Public School, now Council Car Park [12]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The first school opened
here in 1878 when Springwood's population was about 200, mainly railway workers
and small land holders. Mr C.F. Schowe was the first teacher. The present
carpark area was the school playground. The weatherboard Scout & Guide Hall
was a classroom building moved from its original position facing the street in
1960. The present primary school in Burns Road was opened in November 1954. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In 1876 there was no government school between
Penrith and Mount Victoria. The Springwood local community, headed by men like
Charles Moore and Frank Raymond, was the first Blue Mountains group to make
application for the establishment of a school. The minimum number of school-age
children to justify the creation of a government school was twenty: Springwood
claimed 49 such children within 3 kilometres of the railway station. The
Inspector of Schools supported the application and the Council of Education
accepted his recommendation in 1876.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">The preferred site was in a small reserve just
to the east of the railway station and south of the railway line. There was, however,
already a house on this land. Madeline, daughter of the prominent local
innkeeper and entrepreneur. Thomas Boland had acquired the land by conditional
purchase in 1860 and built a cottage called Bonnie Doon. Amid much acrimony,
the house was demolished, with money compensation of ten pounds to Miss Boland,
and the police station and lockup were erected on the site, while the
schoolmaster's cottage and the classroom were completed on the garden site to
the east in 1878.</span> Springwood's population was then about 200,
consisting mainly of railway workers and small land holders. Mr CF Schowe was
the first teacher appointed.<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The population of Springwood continued to grow
and an extra classroom was built in 1880, but with the successive establishment
of schools at Katoomba in 1881, Wentworth Falls in 1887 and Glenbrook in 1892,
pressure on Springwood school subsided for two decades. A third classroom was
needed in 1915, built of stone, to accommodate 124 children, but this number
was soon exceeded and in 1928 another classroom had to be added.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">After World War II the population of Springwood
soared and the site was incapable of sufficient expansion. Accordingly a new
site was acquired in Bums Road and in 1954 a new double-storied school was
opened, with capacity for 450 pupils. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The old school buildings and the residence on
Macquarie Road were demolished, with the exception of the 1928 weatherboard
classroom, and a Baby Health Centre erected on the eastern part of the site.
The 1928 classroom remained on the site until 1960, when it was moved to a position
immediately east of the carpark. Title was transferred to the Boy Scouts in May
1960. The building was used by Girl Guides also after 1962, but in 1994 the old
classroom was severely damaged by fire. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Telecom Park</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Contains the
‘Footsteps in Time’ marker showing a point on the 1814 survey by George Evans.
This survey mapped the 1813 explorers track and was used by William Cox to
construct the 1815 road to Bathurst.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Also on a sandstone
rock is a plaque commemorating the 175th Anniversary Naming of Springwood - <a href="http://monumentaustralia.org.au/display/101980-175th-anniversary-naming-of-springwood">http://monumentaustralia.org.au/display/101980-175th-anniversary-naming-of-springwood</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A third plaque
refers to Simon's Place, named in memory of Simon Cook who tragically lost his
life in 1987.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The park was
extensively renovated in 2018 with new turf, garden beds, edging and seating.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ_kbfODwv85KOdGY9QUyTi47kUG-_ga81yLOMFT-I6lN2YidY2J581l5ENYsG5H5jz1E9_4lvdmFs1oykVIyaQYp5BCK4Ns9K8cpY_GeDeq2_CuH2EciMEXSCuyuB5GHPI9I69NChNl4/s1600/img009+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ_kbfODwv85KOdGY9QUyTi47kUG-_ga81yLOMFT-I6lN2YidY2J581l5ENYsG5H5jz1E9_4lvdmFs1oykVIyaQYp5BCK4Ns9K8cpY_GeDeq2_CuH2EciMEXSCuyuB5GHPI9I69NChNl4/s320/img009+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Buckland Park 1972 (PF 009)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Buckland Park, Springwood War Memorial and Dr. Baxter
Memorial Gates [13]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The park represents
the only part of substantial open space remaining from John Frazer’s Victorian
country retreat, Silva Plana. It remains open space because the Blue Mountains
Shire Council had the foresight in 1936 to purchase much of the 4 acres to
endow a public reserve in honour of Sir Thomas Buckland, who had just completed
the endowment of the Buckland Convalescent Hospital on Hawkesbury Road and who
lobbied for and obtained the town water supply in Springwood in the 1930s. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The entire area
south of the railway line, north of Macquarie Road and west of Hawkesbury Road
was originally part of Silva Plana, the country retreat of John Frazer, one of
the wealthiest businessmen in Sydney in the mid-Victorian period. Before his death
in 1884, Frazer had shown himself an outstanding philanthropist, generous to
the University of Sydney, to St Andrew’s College and to the city of Sydney
(where his great fountains in Hyde Park and in the Domain still play). He left
money and land in central Springwood for the establishment of a Presbyterian
church, finally opened as the Frazer Memorial Church in 1896, so the Frazer
name continued to resonate in the area. <br />
<br />
In 1918 the Frazer trustees sold the eastern portion of the land south of the
railway (now identified as 73 -77 Macquarie Road, lot 1 in DP 801908) and the
Catholic trustees proceeded to erect St Thomas Aquinas and the Angels Guardian
Church. The remaining Frazer estate south of the railway was purchased by the
Blue Mountains Shire Council in 1936 and was named Buckland Park. At the
same time Springwood Bowling Club was formed and created its first green on
part of the parkland: its initial patron in 1937-8 was Buckland. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Red Cross Hall
was built in 1995 to replace a small timber building which previously occupied
the site of the adjacent link road.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbB2arYfx6kmk9AJB8QZxba0VBNPEx1-x9GW1Bx3_rviEfoe8xBr059__RbMtjhCpWRSvTWUcPSpydLLmT8RXKNSkJGVbbML00SobZughwInUHi33VG0ojBHvgRsSOIKuJAfb-_gn7erg/s1600/img010+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbB2arYfx6kmk9AJB8QZxba0VBNPEx1-x9GW1Bx3_rviEfoe8xBr059__RbMtjhCpWRSvTWUcPSpydLLmT8RXKNSkJGVbbML00SobZughwInUHi33VG0ojBHvgRsSOIKuJAfb-_gn7erg/s320/img010+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">War Memorial and Dr Baxter Gates 1972 (PF 010)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The <a href="http://springwoodhistorians.blogspot.com.au/2012/07/springwood-war-memorial-buckland-park.html">war
memorial</a> was re-located and upgraded from its original site in the front of
the Old School of Arts building in 1964.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The old memorial with its trophy machine gun, was dedicated by Sir
Walter Davidson in 1923, and stood proudly in its original position for forty
one years. The present day War Memorial is located behind an impressive set of
gates at the entrance to Buckland Park in Macquarie Road, unveiled by Mayor Tom Hunter on April 21, 1967.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Dr Baxter
Memorial Gates rest on sandstone pillars removed from ‘Moorecourt’, the
historic home of Sir Charles Moore on the Great Western Highway, built in 1876
and after Moore’s death in 1895, the home of Springwood Ladies College,
demolished in 1958.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Moore had originally
acquired some of the sandstone building blocks used in ‘Moorecourt’ from the
convict lockup on Pulpit Hill west of Katoomba, which dated from the 1820s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The gates were
designed by the artist Wynn Davies, after whom Davies Ave, Springwood is named;
and pay tribute to popular Springwood doctor, Ernest Joel Baxter (1902-1950) who
had become famous at the scene of a railway accident in which he crawled under
an overturned carriage to carry out an amputation to free an injured passenger.</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><a href="http://springwoodhistorians.blogspot.com.au/2012/07/springwood-war-memorial-buckland-park.html">http://springwoodhistorians.blogspot.com.au/2012/07/springwood-war-memorial-buckland-park.html</a>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0Ui0BZg8fU5efpM9oWkF-P9ES0VvPZn_05TNXLPjMgAqLZ5aKKziulzGDMwcgHi2U8UXoRO4MigGwLPq6sg6qJPskyMqrYiyXWvTXqwWz4RC1xMCs-HqFKMNfXWwfZWP8CYjboM_a56I/s1600/img011+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0Ui0BZg8fU5efpM9oWkF-P9ES0VvPZn_05TNXLPjMgAqLZ5aKKziulzGDMwcgHi2U8UXoRO4MigGwLPq6sg6qJPskyMqrYiyXWvTXqwWz4RC1xMCs-HqFKMNfXWwfZWP8CYjboM_a56I/s320/img011+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Springwood Bowling Club 1972 (PF 011)</span></td></tr>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Springwood Bowling Club, Springwood Sports Club</span></b></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">During the few years after 1936 the Blue Mountains
Shire Council developed Buckland Park and created a children's section, bowls
section, club house, tennis courts and a park in front of the tennis courts.
The tennis courts were actually built in 1939 and the bowling greens completed
in 1937 with officers for the Bowling Club being elected in July of that <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The Council made available a piece of land on
lease and further assisted with the finance in the form of a grant and a loan
for the purpose of erecting a Club House at a cost of approximately one
thousand pounds.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">The first full committee was elected for the
1938-1939 year and was headed by: Patron - Sir Thomas Buckland; President - O H
Little; Vice-Presidents - R G Maclntyre, DD CMG; and E</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">J Baldwin ITO; Secretary -
A Gaskill and Treasurer - W Cheadie.</span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The original Club House was constructed of a
timber frame with a tiled roof. Efforts by Members and wives in the promotion
of dances, card parties and other social functions resulted in the raising of
finance for furnishing the Club House and the laying down of the two greens.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">A critical period was suffered during the years
of World War Two and on numerous occasions the existence of the Club was in
doubt.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">A Club badge was designed in 1948 based upon the
spring from which Springwood derived its name.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The Club was granted a Liquor Licence in 1955.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">Growth of membership resulted in a need for
extension of the Club House and such extension was officially opened in July
1966 followed by yet another extension which was opened in April, 1970. At that
time membership had reached 540 and once again further extensions to the Club House
were instigated for opening in 1974.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In 2000 the Club purchased the adjoining tennis
courts and changed its name to Springwood Bowling & Recreation Club. As
part of the purchase agreement with the Blue Mountains City Council, the Club
built additional courts in Spring Street, for the Springwood Tennis Club at a
completed cost of $950,000.</span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Due to the rapid increase in population in the
Lower Blue Mountains and the resultant growth in membership of the Club it
became obvious that the existing facility could not house the amenities
dictated by an enthusiastic population. As a consequence they searched for
their entertainment and catering requirements outside the Lower Blue Mountains
area.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">With funds available to purchase the previously
closed premises of the Springwood & Districts Community Club (formerly the
Springwood RSL Club) in Lawson Road, Springwood, the Springwood Bowling &
Recreation Club relocated whilst its original building in Macquarie Road,
Springwood was demolished to make way for a new state-of-the-art Club House.
The purchase cost of the Springwood & Districts Community Club was $870,000
with the transaction being completed in 2006.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US">Tenders were called with the Reed Group being
the successful construction company.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The Development Application was lodged with the
Blue Mountains City Council on April 11, 2004 and officially approved almost
four years later with the first sod being turned on October 31, 2007 and
construction commencing on November 12, 2007.</span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Whilst construction proceeded on the new Club,
the relocated Club began trading at a healthy profit regardless of the fact
that it was located in an industrial area remote from public transport. This in
itself engendered even greater enthusiasm and assurance for the Directors to
give their all to what was obviously going to be a tremendous boost to the
Club's Members and the Blue Mountains as a whole.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The management consultants engaged to assist the
Directors throughout the various facets of pre and post opening operating
stages strongly advised the Club be renamed in keeping with the modern era
where younger generations consider a bowling club to only cater for 'oldies'.
Hence the initiative to rename the Club the 'Springwood Sports Club'.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">The new Club took 67 weeks to build at a cost of
$9.6 million.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">At 9.30 a.m. on Friday, March 6 2009 the Club
opened its doors to its Members and the general public. The Club was densely
crowded throughout the day and became even more so from early evening to the
point where the Club could not handle the volume of enthusiastic community. The
front door had to be closed and, as people left, the same numbers of people
were permitted to enter. Well over estimated numbers continued to frequent the
Club and membership just prior to the Official Opening reached over 9,000.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Whilst the Club was opened to Members and the
general public, construction work continued to a minor degree together with
landscaping. It was also necessary to build an outdoor Gaming Room for smokers
and this building was completed on July 3, 2009 bringing the overall cost of
the Club, including landscaping, to over $10 million.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The Club was
officially opened on Saturday, July 25, 2009 by Her Excellency Professor Marie
Bashir AC CVO, Governor of New South Wales<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Following financial
problems in 2016, the Sports Club amalgamated with Mingara Recreation Club on
the Central Coast. The premises served as the region's evacuation centre during
the October 2013 bushfires. The club logo utilises the Springwood Crest
designed by Norman Lindsay.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">[Congratulations you
have completed your tour through the recent history of the commercial area of Springwood.]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">*****<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Note to the reader: this is not a history of Springwood, nor does it attempt cover every building and business that has existed since the beginning of the township. To do so would be far beyond the scope of this article.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A shorter version of
this walking tour was originally prepared by Local Studies Librarian, John Low.
The present notes utilise information from various sources including:
Springwood Historical Society, The Springwood Historians, Trove Newspapers, NSW
Office of Environment & Heritage, and the Local Studies Section of the Blue
Mountains Library. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Useful links and sources of further information:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><a href="https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/b/blaxland/gregory/b64j/part2.html">Blaxland’s
Journal</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><a href="https://library.bmcc.nsw.gov.au/client/en_AU/default/">Blue Mountains
Library</a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><a href="http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/stories/crossing-blue-mountains">Crossing the
Blue Mountains</a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><a href="http://springwoodhistorians.blogspot.com.au/">Springwood Historians</a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><a href="http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/topics/heritage">State Heritage
listings</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><a href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/">Trove</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">John Merriman <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Local Studies
Librarian, 2018<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-70923719465272429632018-04-03T12:14:00.003+10:002018-04-03T12:14:45.886+10:00Elsa Lowry, nee Garrett (1914-1991)<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgprnAdiRmRQidXRDJEiGvSb4XFoRwB3Lvtn40eUjSYXh4aybH2KcqnhGLGZVfD8foE5imCz9pQFQcxVwya6yOUAuVEhga4xEXLp5wUVWG1IkCJggmhPn2drEEBQmq7MwzBKdz4QyYGR9I/s1600/elsa+ed+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgprnAdiRmRQidXRDJEiGvSb4XFoRwB3Lvtn40eUjSYXh4aybH2KcqnhGLGZVfD8foE5imCz9pQFQcxVwya6yOUAuVEhga4xEXLp5wUVWG1IkCJggmhPn2drEEBQmq7MwzBKdz4QyYGR9I/s320/elsa+ed+2.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Miss Elsa Garrett, Katoomba Daily (NSW : 1920 - 1939),
Friday 2 March 1934, page 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Elsa Ernestine Lilias Garrett was born in Waverley in 1914, the daughter of Ernest Gordon Garrett (1890-1959) and Lillian, nee Penrose (1888-1965). <br /><br />In the 1920s the family moved to the Blue Mountains where Ernest took up a position as accountant and company secretary at the Katoomba - Leura gas works. Ernest spent all his leisure time, fishing rod in hand, on the local streams and at meetings of the Blue Mountains Rod Fishers Society, which was actively involved in local trout stocking programs. In 1939 Ernest and his future son-in-law William Lowry were elected office holders in the Katoomba and the Blackheath branches of the Central Tablelands Acclimatisation Society. <br /><br />Encouraged by her father’s angling interests, Elsa began tying fishing flies at an early age and later made contact with the American novelist and fishing writer, Zane Grey. After leaving Katoomba High School at the Intermediate level (year 10 equivalent), she established her own fly tying business at 172 Katoomba Street where she employed up to five staff. <br /><br />When Elsa married William Lowry, engineering draughtsman in the RAAF, in April 1942 in Katoomba, their address was the Garrett family home ‘Murango’ in well-to-do Lilianfels Avenue at Echo Point, which Gordon had purchased in 1940. Gordon died there aged 59 in September 1950, his funeral was held at the Katoomba Presbyterian church which many members of the local Masonic Lodge and Rotary Club attended. <br /><br />William Rowan Lowry was born in May 1905 in Belfast, Norther Ireland; he qualified as an architectural draughtsman and immigrated to Australia in 1926, in the early 1930s was living with his parents in the Sydney harbour-side suburb of Northbridge, from 1934-37 he was living in Blackheath and listed in the electoral roll as tennis court leasee, in 1943 he was staying at Tattersall’s Hotel in Parkes where he was working as a draughtsman. During the war years interest in tennis declined and two of the Blackheath courts were converted into a bowling green, this may have been the reason for William taking whatever work he could get while leaving Elsa at her parents’ home. William enlisted in the Army while in Parkes and served as a private in 27 Battalion Volunteer Defence Corps. <br /><br />At the end of the War the couple moved to Glen Innes where William worked as a draughtsman and Elsa tied trout flies commercially under her married name; and where the New England trout fishing enjoyed a high reputation. William died in August 1979 and is buried with his wife in Glen Innes cemetery. Elsa died in January 1991, her entomology and trout fly collections are now held in the local historical society museum. <br /><br />Brown trout were first imported from Tasmania and liberated in the Coxs River in the 1870s. Trout fishing was becoming popular in the Blue Mountains as early as the 1880s and by the 1920s the Blue Mountains branch of the Central Tablelands Acclimatisation Society had been established to stock local streams, fishing was actively promoted in tourist guides and a hatchery was developed near Oberon, which supplied rainbow and brown trout stock for release into local streams. <br /><br /><br />Sources: Ancestry.library.com, Trove.nla.gov.au , Blackheath Today from Yesterday 2005, other sources shown below. <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
***** </div>
<br /> A number of stories about Elsa appeared in the newspapers of the time. <br />The Katoomba Daily 21 Jan 1936 records:<br /><br />"Zane Grey's Thanks <br /><br />Letter to Miss Elsa Garrett. <br /><br /> It was a thoughtful action on the part of Miss Elsa Garrett, of Katoomba, to send a parcel of trout flies, of her own manufacture, to Mr Zane Grey, the famous American author and sportsman, and she was delighted to receive the following letter: <br /><br />Zane Grey Camp, Bermagui, NSW.<br /><br /> Anyone who sends me trout flies wins my regard; and when the person is a girl - well then it is simply splendid. Your flies are lovely, well made and pretty. I shall treasure them for the wonderful Nato streams in Tahiti and for the famed Oregon streams. Nato are the most difficult fish to raise and catch. <br /><br />Thank you a thousand times.<br /> Zane Grey.<br /><br />Enclosed with the letter was an autographed photo. We learn from Mr E G Garrett that there is the possibility of Mr Grey visiting Katoomba to inspect the streams in the district."<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Katoomba Girl's Enterprise
(1934, March 1). <i>The Katoomba Daily (NSW : 1920 - 1939)</i>, p. 1.<br />Some of of Elsa’s trout flies , they appear to include traditional English patterns such as Mallard and Claret, Hare and Copper, Greenwell’s Glory and others that astute readers may care to hazard a guess in comments</td></tr>
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“Trout Fishing <br />New Mountains Attraction <br /><br />STOCKING THE STREAMS.<br /><br />Mr. E. Gordon Garrett submitted a matter at the last meeting of the K. and L. Chamber of Commerce which is worthy of consideration and should be followed up. Briefly, his idea is to further popularise the Mountains by affording facilities for fishing, especially when associated with trout.<br /><br />That angling would be a powerful attraction to the Mountains there is no doubt, confirmation of which is afforded by the experiences of other resorts. In fact, Mr. Garrett illustrated this by recounting details of a recent visit to Duckmaloi, where he found crowds of the devotees of rod, line and fly engrossed in the fascination of whipping the stream for its speckled denizens. Many of these anglers were Mountaineers and doubtless visitors, besides enthusiasts from the Lithgow district. <br /><br />There are Mountain streams with their rapids and pools, that should furnish ideal resorts for trout. Only recently, a party cross-countried to the gorge of the Grose, and proved beyond doubt the existence of rainbow trout in surprising quantity. Fry had been liberated some years ago in the more accessible reaches, where trout fishing is a favorite pastime with those in the know. Mr. Garrett suggested that in still water, such as Lake Medlow and the storage dam at Katoomba, perch ova or fry should be introduced. Those waters would be more suitable to perch than trout which love the running streams. <br /><br />As a result of the discussion, the assistance of the Fisheries Department is to be sought, and information obtained therefrom will form the subject of consideration which may very possibly result in definite action being taken towards stocking our waters. The question of drawing up regulations and enforcing them will also have to be discussed.”<br /><br />Trout Fishing. (1922, March 24). The Blue Mountain Echo (NSW : 1909 - 1928), p. 7. Retrieved November 25, 2014, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108233135">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108233135</a> <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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<br />“AN UNUSUAL OCCUPATION. <br />Childish Pastime Develops into Profession. <div>
<br />GIRL ANGLER MAKES TROUT FLIES.<br /><br /><br />There is at any rate, one girl in New South Wales who takes off her hat to the depression, "But for it, " she says, "I might now be sitting before a typewriter in a stuffy office, instead of which..." <br /><br />The pause conjures up not only a vision of Miss Elsa Garrett's studio, its walls lined with case upon case of the exquisite trout and salmon flies that her clever fingers have fashioned but of adventure - of cool waters singing musically over smooth pebbles, reflections of sweeping green willows and casuarinas, the indigenous river oaks inseparably associated with Australian trout lore and lastly the lure of trout fishing. For this little angler explains: 'If your business in life is the making of trout flies, then you must know a good deal about trout fishing." <br /><br />First-hand knowledge is essential, and how satisfactory it must be to feel that part of your business is to step into a car, replete with all the most modern comforts for camping out, to wind through the ever lovely Blue Mountain roads (for she lives in Katoomba) until you find your- self on the banks of a trout stream. How enviable to feel that part of the day's work includes wading out into the alluring water with rod and line, or even to lie lazily on the bank observing the insects that flit to and fro over the water. The trout is something of an epicure and varies his diet with the seasons of the year, and it is highly important to observe which fly for the moment is considered the chief delicacy in the fish 'salle a manger'.<br /><br />From her earliest childhood, before she could include the word in her vocabulary, little Elsa Garret was an entomologist. She fished along the banks with a butterfly net while her father waded out into midstream. Her little haul of butterflies, grasshoppers and moths was taken home and carefully classified and preserved for future reference. From this, a mere childish hobby, the little girl learned to observe the structure of almost every water-loving insect in New South Wales. It is from this store of knowledge that she is able to develop the making of imitations which are attracting the attention of anglers from all over the world. <br /><br />Unless one knows something of the art required to fashion a trout fly it is almost impossible to appreciate the skill and delicacy of the work. For instance I had actually to take one fly in my hand to convince myself that it was not a genuine butterfly, but one constructed from fur and feather.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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<br />FINE FEATHERS FROM FINE BIRDS<br /><br />Mohair, tinsel, fine shreds of rubber, feather and fur from all over the world are required in the making of fishing tackle and I am shown the ruff and crest of a jungle cock from India and the golden pheasant from China, the metallic neck feathers of the Burmese peacock, the South American blue chatterer, the Canadian wood duck and the Egyptian goose and a host of others. All of these must be imported from their particular quarter of the globe. An obvious question flies to my lips, "Why are the feathers of our own brilliant birds not used?" The answer is that for some reason they lack the durability essential to the fist-class "fly." "And I am very thankful," says this girl who loves all the bush creatures, "I would rather protect than slay our own native birds."' <br /><br />Miss Garrett's flies are put on the market under a trade name and many of her own most exacting customers do not realise that the "tying" of which they write so approvingly has been done by a girl. Indeed, one overseas firm which has bought her flies and used them as models advertises the fact that the tackle is all made by men, because they consider that a woman's fingers are not strong enough to make a really satisfactory fly. Yet they write (addressing her as Mr. Garrett) and mention this very characteristic as distinctive of her work.<br /><br />But with the genius which this artist undoubtedly possesses there is included that, "infinite capacity for taking pains," She is her father' s pupil, and in 1928 he won the first prize given by the president of the Rod Fishers Society of New South Wales, the late Howard Joseland. The Judge was Dr. Spiller Blandon, who is now president.<br /><br />Master and pupil are now friendly rivals, and perfection is the only objective that they recognise. Such skill judgment, and faculty of true colour perception are needed that no machine can ever be constructed to rival the human mechanism, and one firm states un- hesitatingly that it takes twelve years to become an expert tyer.<br /><br />But in spite of the fact that Elsa Garrett has so successfully invaded this corner of man's domain, she cannot claim to be the first woman to do so. We all know the name of Izaak Walton, but amongst anglers the name of Dame Juliana Berners is held in equal respect. Her book, "Treatyse of Fysshinge With An Angle," was written in 1490, and gives very good instructions in the making of these "counterfeit presentments," or, as a contemporary writer calls them, "fraudful flies." This fifteenth century lady was evidently a very good sport, for she gives this very ethical advice: "Ye shall not be too ravenous in takynge your sayd game as too moche at a time, to lightly destroy your own desports and the desports of other menne also." <br /><br />While on the subject of dames let me add that Elsa Garrett is a great-granddaughter of the celebrated Dame Durden, of whom the old ballad tells:</div>
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<br /><i>Dame Durden kept five milking maids <br />To carry the milking-pail, <br />She also kept five serving men <br />To use the spade and flail. <br />Dame Durden in the morn so soon <br />She did begin to call, <br />To rouse her servants, maids, and men, </i></div>
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<br />She then began to bawl. . .But the ballad sorely misrepresents this admirable old lady. The truth is that, finding herself a widow, with a large estate and a lazy staff of servants, who evidently thought to impose upon their mistress, she set to work to take things in a firm hand. In those days the very thought of a woman managing her own estate was enough to set the county a-talking, and evidently her equals, as well as the lazy wenches, were ready to laugh at the old lady.<br /><br />Elsa Garrett is a modest young lady. Her success is swept cheerfully to one side and referred to merely as luck. She has nothing to say of the natural aptitude, the concentration, and steady perseverance which have combined to make her a success at her chosen profession.-N. Lowe.” <br /><br />AN UNUSUAL OCCUPATION. (1935, March 28). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 17 Supplement: Women's Supplement. Retrieved November 25, 2014, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17159011">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17159011</a> <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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A FINE ART <br /><br />Baits For Big Trout Is <br />Girls' Industry<br /><br />Would you woo that most elusive of all elusive fish-the trout? Then banish from your mind all thought of worms, end such mundane enticements, and meditate appreciatively on that most perfect of all deceptions, a fly, "dry'" or "wet."<br /><br />With golden feathers plucked from the heads of pheasants from China, satiny down on the Blue Chatterer of South America, hackle won from the glory of peacocks' tails, varicoloured plumage from the Indian jungle cock, finest silk and soft seal's fur, a bright eyed young Australian girl, Miss Elsa Garrett, of Katoomba, is building an industry in their manufacture, says the "Sydney Sun."<br /><br />Thousands of them each year, everyone on the end of its gut cast, like a captive wild thing, pass from her studio to the trout streams.<br /><br />Anglers, most expert, have pronounced them excellent for beguiling wary fish. For what trout, unless he paused to listen, would suspect a mosquito, which will do all but buzz, of harbouring a hook?<br /><br />"I was 16 when I first began to tie flies," said Miss Garrett, herself a practical angler. I was studying entomology, and I think the secret of my success is that I tried to copy nature. I employ two permanent assistants now, and three others when there is a rush.''<br /><br />Figures show the growth in popularity of trout fishing, and the greater care that is being taken to spare the feelings of the trout, by fishing him as a "gentleman." In 1931, Miss Garrett tied 1300 flies, in 1932 17,000, last year 33,000, and she has hopes of reaching 50,000 this year. <br /><br />Immense pains must be taken if the really undetectable deception is to he produced. Accordingly, having critical eyes to please, Miss Garrett works "from life." <br /><br />A FINE ART. (1934, April 4). Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld. : 1878 - 1954), p. 4. Retrieved November 25, 2014, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54757917">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54757917</a> <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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“Messrs. Gordon Garrett, Charles Foster and Sid Foote, of Katoomba (N.S.W.) fishing in the Little River and the Isabella, averaged 30 trout a day. They ranged up to 12lbs, and bigger fish were seen.”<br /><br />With the Anglers. (1932, November 23). Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 - 1939), p. 20. Retrieved November 25, 2014, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article135334844">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article135334844</a> <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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<br />See also the report, WR Lowry (Blackheath) and G Garrett (Katoomba) were elected office holders. <br /><br />ACCLIMATISATION SOCIETY. (1939, June 23). National Advocate (Bathurst, NSW : 1889 - 1954), p. 3. Retrieved November 25, 2014, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160557705">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160557705</a> <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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<br />TROUT FISHING KATOOMBA <br />FLYS CATCH RECORD FISH. <br /> <br />Miss Elsa. Garrett, of Katoomba, has received, the very gratifying advise that three champion fish were landed on flies manufactured by her, last season. Mr. Lind, of Lithgow, caught a 5 ¼ lb. brownie. The large 7½ lb. trout caught at Burrinjuck, and also the 8 ½ lb. trout captured by Mr. Kilgour, at Tamworth (the photo, of which was recently published in the "S.M. Herald") were all induced to accept trout flies manufactured in Katoomba. <br /><br />A very fine exhibit of these products was recently shown in the Government Tourist Bureau display windows, Sydney, and attracted all city anglers. Many local anglers were to be found on the trout streams during our Eight-hour holiday week-end. Some fine catches have been reported. Ted Duff and party got among the rainbows near Porter's Retreat, the best fish being caught by Ted — it weighed 31b. 2oz. — a beautiful rainbow. <br /><br />E. G. Garrett and C. Foster spent the week-end on the Abercrombie River, and brought home a bag of 20 rainbows, to tickle their friends' palates. . They caught the legal limit - — 10 fish — each day, the average Weight being 1¼ lb. — all taken on the Cocky-bond-hu pattern fly. <br /><br />DUCKMALOI. <br /><br />The following appeared in a recent issue of "Angling and Gun Sport," concerning the Duckmaloi River: — Within three hours by car from Sydney will bring you to some of the finest dry fly water in New South Wales. The route takes the angler through beautiful mountain scenery provided by the Great Dividing Range, and the rainbow and brown trout in the Duckmaloi fish rivers will supply all the sport necessary to put the finishing touch to a wonderful holiday. The closeness of the grounds to Sydney makes it possible to return home and at dinner discuss the events of the trip, while enjoying the succulent dishes provided by the "bag". <br /><br />How to Get There by Car. <br /><br />The best route for the motorist Is to take the Great Western Road as far as Hartley, the Jenolan Caves Road to Hampton. Shortly after leaving Hampton, the Oberon Road Is seen on the' right, and this is followed for seven or eight miles from the Caves Road turn-off until it crosses the Duckmaloi; some four miles further on the Fish River is crossed. <br /><br />Flies. <br /><br />The writer, being firmly of the opinion that it is the angler, and not the fly, that succeeds, refrains from advising the use of any special fly, but reminds the visitor that any trout eats a hundred small flies to one large, and that it is easier to lay a small fly on the water, to appear natural, than it is to lay a large one. One of the early mistakes made by every person, almost without -exception/ Is the belief that the bigger the bait' the bigger the fish. <br /><br />Advice to Visitors. <br /><br />Farmers on these rivers have been tormented so much of late years by trespassers, that they have been obliged to erect "no trespassing" signs. It is therefore advisable to seek permission of the owner before entering on to any land. When permission is granted, respect his property, fish by legal methods, fish always upstream, smoke the best brand of cigarettes, pay your debts and forgive the biggest fish that always has and always will get away, and there should be no reason why the creek should not be well-lined with trout on the return trip home. <br /><br />Early Season. <br /><br />Both rivers are well stocked with rainbow and brown trout. The coming season Is particularly encouraging, from the angler's point of view, a6 an exceptionally early spring' has 'produced ,s insects a month earlier than' Usual. The trout are up surface feeding, and' the fish will be in fine fettle for the opening on October 1. <br /><br />"TROUT FISHING" The Katoomba Daily (NSW : 1920 - 1939) 12 November 1935: 3. Web. 13 Sep 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article193890576">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article193890576</a> <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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<br />KATOOMBA GIRL'S ENTERPRISE <br />DECEIVING NATURE ARTISTICALLY <br />500 VARIETIES OF TROUT "FLIES." <br /><br />That Katoomba should possess an artist and manufacturer of an entirely singular nature is something of which we should be justly proud. Miss Elsa Garrett, well-known Katoomba girl, who is the only daughter of Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Garrett, of Katoomba Street, has proved herself capable of competing with nature in the manufacture of trout "flies" at her Katoomba studio. <br /><br />By studying nature from an entomologist's eyes Miss Garrett was able to derive the greatest possibilities from her industry of making trout "flies" with which to entice the elusive fish from its silvery stream. These "flies" so carefully made, are now becoming so popular that Miss Garrett is now making 33,000 a year, which will probably be greatly increased as the demand grows. <br /><br />Feathers of rare birds of China, South America, India, finest silk and soft seal's fur are imported £r this industry, for which Miss Garrett employs two permanent assistants, and three others during rush periods. The youthful artist hopes to reach the 50,000 mark this year, for the annual manufacture of the "flies," which reveals the growth in popularity of trout fishing. <br /><br />The fact that each "fly" must be made by hand illustrates the great care and attention to detail that' must be observed in tying these very natural-looking articles, which have taken the place of the worm for enticing the trout from its secluded spots. A visit to the trout "fly" studio in Katoomba Street will reveal a very colourful scene. A profusion of multi-coloured feathers, silk down, and scraps of every kind: -an. woven together by artistic fingers, to build up no less than 500 varieties - of ants, flies, mosquitoes. dragon flies or crickets, which have been proved the perfect imitation of the original insect; and the poor old trout responds whole-heartedly to the deception. <br /><br />Although this Katoomba girl has provided one of the most useful and popular articles by her enterprise and study, there are plenty of difficulties to be overcome — as in most beneficial industries. Customs duties have been a worry from the outset because the materials must be imported from the four corners of the globe. <br /><br />It is a remarkable thing that some business houses are still biased in favour of English "flies," although the Australian "fly" is more durable and more brilliant — and it is this prejudice that Miss Garrett finds is the greatest difficulty. But she is sure that there is a great future before the manufacture oi trout "flies," and she has made others suitable for the salmon of New Zealand, although there again, duties constitute a difficulty. <br /><br />It is an industry, too, in which she has no fear of machinery. Every "fly" must be arranged by hands, and produced with a care that is loving. We anticipate the time when Katoomba will he the centre of attraction for anglers, who have tested the "flies" manufactured in Katoomba — and when there will he trout streams in the district for the furtherance of local industry.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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<br />Elsa's also wrote poetic prose pieces:</div>
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WINGS OF THE MORNING <br /><br />The last day of the year was fast departing forever. Away into the foothills stretched a vast expanse of sunset waters, flaming redly against the darkening hills, then gradually the velvet feet of darkness came softly creeping, the light faded. and over the deep, shadowed waters spread a mystic veil of purple shadows. Wind played on magic pipes through the tossing boughs of the trees, then fled with soft footsteps up the hill, to play with the shadows. The lonely night slumbered on, in the silvery starlight till midnight struck, and the old year passed away forever into the temple of time, leaving only memories behind it. A new year, came over the hills triumphantly, on the wings of the morning. Thoughts and dreams float out on shining wings to a future of golden promise and dawning hopes. — ELSA GARRETT.<br /><br />"WINGS OF THE MORNING" Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 - 1930) 13 February 1927: 2 (PRANKS THE CHILDREN'S NEWSPAPER). Web. 13 Sep 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article128523890">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article128523890</a> .<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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It is the worm's turn to laugh, now that Miss Elsa Garrett, of Katoomba Street, has turned the attention of the trout fishing world to the fact that this elusive and much sought fish responds more readily to the enticements of the "fly" rather than the mundane worm. Miss Garrett has decided (and she is herself a practical angler) that the trout must be fished as a "gentleman." She therefore pursued all possible study of entomology which enables her to copy nature in its insect form, for her profession of manufacturing trout "flies." The 500 varieties which Miss Garrett manufactures at Katoomba have proved more than popular with anglers. "For what trout, unless he paused to listen, would suspect a mosquito or fly which will do all but buzz, of harbouring a hook," states the "Sun" in complimenting this youthful manufacturer on her enterprise. '</div>
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<br />TROUT FISHING <br />ENTHUSIASM <br />BLUE MOUNTAIN ROD FISHERS' SOCIETY <br /><br />Sports may come and go, but angling has throughout the centuries held a fascination, an irresistible appeal, to every class of manhood. The meeting of the Blue Mountain Rod Fishers' held at the Katoomba School of Arts on Tuesday' last, was evidence that the dormant flame only needs slight fanning for it to burst, forth into active enthusiasm. Especially is this so with the devotees of the ancient sport of beguiling the wily trout. About thirty members attended the meeting and it was observed that all classes were well represented, which only proves that the greeting, "What Luck?" is a password with the brotherhood throughout the world. The chairman, Mr. E. Gordon Garrett, opened the meeting with an address, which outlined the formation of the Society at Black-heath, and the purchase and liberation of 140 cans of brown trout in the Mountain streams during the past few weeks. <br /><br />The activities of the Society up to date were also de tailed for the benefit of the new members present, so that they would be conversant with the objects of the Society. Casting instruction had been given, rules formulated, and general angling lore pertaining to trout fishing had been imparted to help initiate the tyro. General business included : Affiliation with the Rod Fishers' Society of N.S.W. Arrangements for com petitions. £1/1/- will be given from the funds for the best fish caught during the season on an artificial fly. Other prizes will also be donated, and arrangements for a fishing excursion to the Duckmaloi River are in the capable hands of Mr. Lane, of Blackheath, and will leave Blackheath on Saturday, Oct. 6, and return on the following day. Anglers wishing to join the party should give Mr. Lane a ring on the ' 'phone. Dr. Blessing addressed the meeting and stressed the necessity for members to observe one of the principal commandments of an angler: that is to be careful of fires, and at all times to respect the property of the owner who permits you to fish on his streams. <br /><br />At the conclusion of the general business, Miss Elsa Garrett gave an interesting lecture on trout fishing tackle. The manufacture of silkworm gut for casts, casting lines, reels and rods was fully explained; also the main features that increased their respective efficiency. An imposing display of tackle and rods had been gathered by Miss Garrett from local anglers. The rods ranged from the humble machine-made split cane valued at a couple of pounds, to the hand-made aristo crat of the rod family which would cost, at the present time, in the vicinity of thirty pounds. In conclusion, the young lecturer dealt tersely with that "Stealthy deceiver who lures the poor little trout to his net," i.e., "the Nut at the end of the rod," whose principal aim should be to uphold with grace the title of an angler and a sport." Dr. A. Allan proposed a vote of thanks to Miss Elsa Garrett for her very . interesting, instructive and amusing lecture, which was carried with acclamation. The next meeting will be held at Blackheath in October, and those wishing to join up should give their names in to Mr Rowan Lowry, secretary, "Dundee," Blackheath.<br /><br />"TROUT FISHING ENTHUSIASM" The Katoomba Daily (NSW : 1920 - 1939) 29 September 1934: 2. Web. 13 Sep 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article193895426">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article193895426</a> <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
*****</div>
<br />B.M. ROD FISHERS' SOCIETY <br /><br />The general meeting of the Blue Mountain Rod Fishers' Society, held at the School of Arts last Thursday, was very well attended, about thirty anglers, from all centres of the Mountains, being present. Several new members were enrolled. After formal business was dispensed with, the president (Mr. E. Gordon Garrett) introduced Mr. A. J. Frazer, of the Inland Fisheries Department, who. gave a most interesting address on trout acclimatisation. Mr. Frazer, during the day, visited the Cox, Grose, and other streams in which the trout fry were recently liberated, and reported very favourably on the excellent prospects of stocking mountain streams with brown trout. <br /><br />AN EXCELLENT ATTRACTION FOR TOURISTS. <br /><br />Mr. Frazer outlined the acclimatisation methods that it was hoped -to adopt in the future. This scheme included the establishment of many hatcheries throughout the State, in which the trout would be reared to the yearling stage before liberation, instead of the present, method of placing the young fry in the streams a few weeks after they are hatched. These hatcheries, and, the appointment of district rangers to patrol the trout streams, will vastly improve fishing, conditions, and thereby attract a percentage of overseas visitors who annually visit New Zealand, Tasmania, and Victoria expressly for the trout fishing. New South Wales has been very lax in realising the importance, of providing attraction for the touring sportsmen from the overcrowded areas of England, America and the Continent. Trout fishing undoubtedly has the greatest appeal for these sportsmen, and the Blue Mountain streams are ideal for trout culture. <br /><br />LOCAL GOVERNMENT APATHY. <br /><br />Some years ago, efforts were made to acclimatise trout in Katoomba streams, by a couple of .local enthusiasts, but no assistance would be given by the Municipal Council, even for transport from the rail to the stream, of trout fry that was provided free. Private individuals, however, managed to liberate a few, and Minna-Ha-Ha Creek has attracted hundreds of anglers, in the hope of landing a speckled beauty; but experience has shown that the rainbow trout supplied by the Fisheries Department were not suitable for these waters; they certainly survived, and their progeny are there to-day; but had brown trout fry been liberated, there is little doubt that splendid fishing would be obtainable. <br /><br />This year, mainly by the efforts of Mr. Rowan Lowry, of Blackheath, sufficient funds were raised to enable the purchase and liberation of 55,000 brown trout fry. Blackheath -Municipal Council contributed funds and assisted, in /transport of" the" fry to the streams. Other Mountain Local Government bodies assisted financially; but the greatest share of the cost, and all the' labour, was left to the enthusiastic anglers, who have formed the Rod Fishing Society, and who realise that someday the Blue Mountains will attract thousands of visitors for trout fishing. The next meeting of the society will be held at Blackheath, sometime in January, and Miss Elsa Garrett will give a lecture on the insects that form the principle food for trout, and display specimens of insects that inhabit the Blue Mountain trout streams. It is also hoped that Mr. T. C. Roughley, zoologist from the Sydney Museum, will give a lecture<br /><br />"B.M. ROD FISHERS' SOCIETY" The Katoomba Daily (NSW : 1920 - 1939) 4 January 1935: 4. Web. 13 Sep 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article193879967">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article193879967</a> <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
*****</div>
Orange Blossoms <br /><br />A quiet and private wedding was solemnised on Saturday morning last at the Katoomba Presbyterian Church by Rev. Robert Millar between Elsa Garrett, talented daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Gordon Garrett of Katoomba, and Rowan Lowry of the R.A.A.F. Mrs. Lowry is widely known for her artistry in the making of trout flies, whilst her husband has been attached to the Main Roads Board as an engineer draughtsman. It is fitting that the happy couple should have selected for their honeymoon a tour of the southern trout streams.<br /><br />Orange Blossoms (1942, April 24). The Blue Mountains Advertiser (Katoomba, NSW : 1940 - 1954), p. 1. Retrieved September 19, 2017, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article189911028">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article189911028</a> <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
*****</div>
<br />Other published prose, descriptive writing<br /><br /><br />"DAWN OF ENDEAVOR" The Sun (Sydney, NSW : 1910 - 1954) 19 April 1931: 39. Web. 13 Sep 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224703036">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224703036</a> <br /><br />"CALL OF THE WILD" The Sun (Sydney, NSW : 1910 - 1954) 9 August 1931: 3 (SUPPLEMENT TO THE SUNBEAMS). Web. 13 Sep 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224723047">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224723047</a> <br /><br />"The Pride of a Nation" The Blue Mountains Times (Katoomba, NSW : 1931 - 1937) 24 March 1932: 4. Web. 13 Sep 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194855975">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194855975</a> <br /><br />"Gold, the Seducer" The Blue Mountains Times (Katoomba, NSW : 1931 - 1937) 30 October 1931: 3. Web. 13 Sep 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194855714">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194855714</a> <br /><br />"JUNIOR PRANKS' PLAYGROUND" Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 - 1930) 14 November 1926: 3 (PRANKS The Children's Newspaper). Web. 13 Sep 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article128120979">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article128120979</a> <br /><br />"YE WHO PASS." The Blue Mountains Times (Katoomba, NSW : 1931 - 1937) 20 November 1931: 4. Web. 13 Sep 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194856548">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article194856548</a> <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
*****</div>
<br />John Merriman<br />Local Studies Librarian <br /><br /> <br /><br /> <br /></div>
Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-75526860957166278672017-12-07T12:51:00.001+11:002017-12-08T08:44:35.396+11:00The mystery shaft in Somers Street, Lawson<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Top of the shaft with protective grill, 2017 author photo</td></tr>
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The structure in question is an open
vertical shaft, some seven metres deep by two metres in diameter, cut into the
top of the sandstone cliff at the end of Somers Street, Lawson. A domed, iron
grill protects the top; the bottom of the shaft is accessible via a narrow
tunnel about 0.7 m in diameter and 1.6 m from the base of the cliff. It has
been dug by hand, as the pick marks show in a series of concentric cuts, each
about the depth of a pick blade, so it predates mechanical excavation methods. The
land is located on portion 22, Parish of Lawson, comprising 50 acres taken up
by Frederick Somers in the 1870s. Below the cliff is a large area of cleared,
mostly level land with several small streams. Its local name is the ‘convict
pit’, but was it a convict lock-up or something else?<br />
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No records of the shaft being used as a
convict lockup or for storage of supplies or of it even existing have been located
in the official reports of the colonial surveyors, police, superintendents of
the iron-gangs, the journals of William Cox the road builder, Sir Thomas
Mitchell the Surveyor General and supervising engineer on the Western Road, the
account of Governor Macquarie’s journey over the new road in 1815 or any of the
accounts of early 19<sup>th</sup> Century travellers over the Blue Mountains to
Bathurst (Mackaness 1965), not does it appear on the 1878 Parish of Linden
survey (Dept. of Lands 1878).<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Portion 22 Frederick Somers 1870, road reserve for Somers St<br />
visible on eastern boundary, no evidence of shaft shown </td></tr>
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Historical records show the convicts who
laboured on building William Cox’s 1815 road across the Blue Mountains were skilled
workers and tradesman – masons, cobblers, smiths and carpenters, they welcomed
the chance to earn a pardon, their ticket of leave or emancipation (Yeaman
1983). By the 1830s there were well established <a href="http://www.comleroyroad.com/convict-stockade-mt-victoria.html">convict
stockades</a> at Springwood, Mt Victoria and Cox’s river. At Mt Victoria in
addition to a tall stockade fence built from upright stakes to enclose the
convicts, there were barracks for the soldiers, constables' huts, a cottage for
the officers, a Commandant's house and a store house on this major site. So there
was already an efficient stockade system in operation and troublesome men were
punished by being put in leg irons and chains. The surviving contemporary
accounts of life in these stockades emphasise the fact that the convict road
gangs moved on as the road building progressed, and all wore distinctively
marked convict clothing to discourage escaping (Karskens 1984).</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Top view looking down shaft, author photo</td></tr>
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Would the shaft have been an efficient way
of holding convicts? The mean height of male convicts around 1820 was 168 cm - about
5 foot 5 inches (Nicholas 1988 p. 81). Even allowing for their smaller size, three
or four men lying down would be a cosy fit and five or six standing in the
narrow space would be pretty squishy but with more than five metres of waste
space above them. The ‘convict hole’ is a myth, a piece of local folklore and the
idea is untenable.</div>
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The shaft would also be impractical for the
storage of supplies because of its narrow vertical nature; it is simply the
wrong shape. There is a small, partially excavated earth and rock chamber at
Bull’s Camp, also known popularly as the ‘convict hole’ which in fact was used
by the road builders for storage of tools, equipment and explosives (Merriman
2014). <o:p></o:p></div>
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Another suggestion has been that it was a
kiln for producing lime for building or tanning and that the tunnel at the base
was for air draft (Fox 2009). However there are no commercial deposits of
limestone in the area, the nearest being at Wallerawang or Portland. The common
feature of early calcining kilns was a wide, shallow egg-cup shaped burning
chamber, with an air inlet at the base known as the "eye", all
constructed of brick. This type of brick kiln occurs at Hill End and there is
even a brick, shale processing kiln at Mt Victoria at the Asgard Swamp Mine (Higginbotham
and Jack 1982). Heap and pit burning were used from the early days of settlement
to produce lime from shell, and where simple shaft kilns were used they
incorporated a separate brick firing chamber and ash boxes with brick or iron
fire bars (Pearson 1990). None of this is in evidence at the Somers Street
shaft and close inspection of the interior shows no evidence of intense heat
such as soot accumulation, and spalling of the rock face. In fact, allowing for
normal weathering, the internal pick marks are still fairly sharp and
display the natural sandstone colouring. Nor is there any evidence of charcoal, ash, lime
waste or limestone rubble in the vicinity, something to be expected if it had
been a calcining kiln. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Roasting kiln at Hill End, 2015 author photo</td></tr>
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There are however a number of clues that
reveal what may be the true nature of the shaft. It is adjacent to land on
which a former dairy operated, and the 1985 study located the nearby remains of
a dairy building, as well as rusty discarded milk churns, and recorded that traces
of oat grain had been found inside the shaft at the base level. There are also
surviving remnants of improved pasture in the cleared land below the shaft
site, including subterranean clover varieties and rye grass (Merriman, 1985).<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Milk churn located during the 1985 survey, 1985 author photo </td></tr>
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This area at the end of Somers Street below
the cliff line has some of the best grazing land in Lawson and from the 1840s when
the first settlers arrived in the area, was known as the Cow Pasture (Bratby
and Stockton 1986). It was probably the
site of a dairy from the 1880s when the local population began to increase
following the arrival of the railway in 1867. The Mechanic’s Institute opened
in 1896, and the town soon became a significant population centre in the
Mid-Mountains between Springwood and Katoomba. Lawson was also the seat of
local government for all of the Blue Mountains, apart from the Katoomba and
Blackheath urban areas, from 1907 to 1947 (Bentley, 1986).</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Aerial view in 1943 showing the dairy, shaft and cow pasture.<br />
Photo courtesy SIX maps</td></tr>
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Since the 19<sup>th</sup> Century milk
production in much of SE Australia has necessitated supplementary feeding of
stock due to the low soil fertility and the short growing season (Atkinson
1826). There were many small dairies operating in the Blue Mountains in the
early 20<sup>th</sup> Century. <span lang="EN-US">They were often family run operations that
may have employed two or three people and milked between ten and twenty cows.
They delivered their own milk products and often sold from the dairy as well. T</span>here were as many as 20 small dairies
operating in Katoomba in the 1920s-30s.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Geo. Whitte's dairy Katoomba 1912</td></tr>
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Many of the guest houses of the period
advertised the availability of fresh milk and local dairies were trusted
suppliers. In 1946 Blackheath Council voted to oppose the introduction of the
Milk board to regulate local dairies, not only due to the costs of meeting
health regulations including pasteurisation, but “it was pointed out, in no
uncertain manner, that the milk produced locally is far superior in quality to that
imported into the area” (Blue Mountains Advertiser 1946). Blue Mountains Shire
Council correspondence files record twelve dairies operating in Wentworth Falls
in 1930 with two in Leura, four in Megalong, four in Mt Victoria and two in Mt
Irvine (Local Studies files - Dairying) and see images.<br />
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The link between the shaft and dairy farming
is confirmed by the minutes of Blue Mountains City Council’s Town Planning
committee for 18 February 1970, which contains the following report from The
Town Planner:<o:p></o:p></div>
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<u><span lang="EN-US">Proposed Historical
Site, Lawson<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Mr W Deverall of 70
Military Road, Dover Heights, has written to Council offering part of his land
in Somers Street providing it is retained permanently as a historical site. His
letter reads as follows:</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">“On portion of my
property at Lawson there is, I think, one of the most historic mountain
emblems. It is not mythic but definitely
this deep stone well has been hand-chiseled out by convicts. I have studied this matter hard and after a
good deal of research, I feel convinced this well has been used as an ensilage
pit. At the bottom it has an opening enabling the contents to be drawn
therefrom during the crossing of the Mountains or the making of the road.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">This has become somewhat
sacred to me and I would not like, at some future date for this historic emblem
to be lost. If the Council should think the same as me about this matter, I would be pleased to dedicate this
portion of my land to the Council to be kept in perpetuity.”</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">The ensilage pit was inspected by
the Town Planning Committee in May, 1968, when the Lawson/Bullaburra Town
Planning proposals were under consideration. It has not been possible to verify
Mr Deverall’s statement that this is an ensilage pit but the Historical Society
will be contacted before the Meeting to this end. It is considered that Council
should accept Mr Deverall’s offer with a surround of approximately one acre as
illustrated in the accompanying sketch No.D2357.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdp8H7xg2C2t_Xcz1qAkOaczcdY_GoQuGeGN2MvvhUZlZIWUAxoGDqA10izHf5wlbe0NzwNTRejwCwgpcYZnoXRl9e4StauZWRkJon2YTyFoOThgyuSe7BY9_ivh1I2dF-9B1O6JQH2Ig/s1600/img562.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1023" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdp8H7xg2C2t_Xcz1qAkOaczcdY_GoQuGeGN2MvvhUZlZIWUAxoGDqA10izHf5wlbe0NzwNTRejwCwgpcYZnoXRl9e4StauZWRkJon2YTyFoOThgyuSe7BY9_ivh1I2dF-9B1O6JQH2Ig/s320/img562.jpg" width="204" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Map identifying the silo from the 1970 Council report</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
As well
as confirming the stock feed hypothesis, this document gives us 1970 a possible
date for the installation of the protective grill covering the top - Council
would have been quick to recognise the safety issues presented by the open
shaft. However the supposition that the shaft dates from the crossing of the Mountains
cannot be supported. It is certainly true that a shortage of suitable stock
feed was identified as a problem by early travellers; <a href="https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/b/blaxland/gregory/b64j/index.html">Blaxland’s
1813 journal</a> of the first successful crossing of the Blue Mountains records
the explorers’ daily search for feed and water for the party’s horses.<br />
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<br /></div>
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Before we turn to a further source of
evidence for dairying on the site, let us look at milk quality and how it was
determined. In the early 20<sup>th</sup> century there were two relatively
simple tests for quality available in small dairies. One was a basic test of
specific gravity using a <a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/resources/documents/MPGuide/mpguide2.htm">lactometer</a>
to determine adulteration; this would reveal watering down of milk. The second
was the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babcock_test">Babcock test</a>, invented
in the 1890s, which was the first inexpensive and practical test that could measure
the actual fat content of milk. A manual <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separator_(milk)">cream separator</a> would
be used to extract the cream that was either churned into butter or when
combined with milk protein produces cheese, both were value added products for
the dairy farmer or milk processor. The Babcock test was also utilized by
farmers to selectively breed for cows producing milk of higher butter fat
content.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJLcMBrdSJ_ymsyKps08jjkn4JTg_hNsB-5RjJkJfqHmhIuyyvlelM6k2VunZ7kwt4yL65RfaEQfD2kwk6kSTqJTKwN6q7pT7G7fOV4ACJkCVrg-mi3R38ejaTJkL_5iD1kfWrOR1b1sg/s1600/img563+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="932" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJLcMBrdSJ_ymsyKps08jjkn4JTg_hNsB-5RjJkJfqHmhIuyyvlelM6k2VunZ7kwt4yL65RfaEQfD2kwk6kSTqJTKwN6q7pT7G7fOV4ACJkCVrg-mi3R38ejaTJkL_5iD1kfWrOR1b1sg/s320/img563+ed+.jpg" width="186" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Milk inspection records 1924 showing James Linton and<br />
Miss McBriar among the Lawson dairies</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Blue Mountains Shire Council rate records
show that in 1914 the owner of Portion 22 was James Linton a saddler from
Sydney who operated the Glen Dairy there until around 1922. Blue Mountains
Shire Council milk inspectors records show butter fat testing was carried out
at the dairy from 1915 to 1924 and fines of 20/- and 40/- were imposed for
adulteration - another reason to use supplementary feeding to maintain milk
quality. A Miss McBriar operated the dairy in the 1920s and in 1939 a Mrs Ross was
operating the dairy after her husband deserted her (Bentley pers. Com.). In
1945 on the death of James Ross the property was left to the Sons of
Temperance, Sydney. The dairy and residence existed until they were lost in the
catastrophic December 1957 bushfires.<br />
<br />
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK_NFdwFWfMgjxFmR54hGRI2YhsJj6F7vR1n8DkNtKOaeqqfXV1QWqzEguz0PaGx-Z2hQ5ujou7poMYXB9Eu754uXQyE6fXyHtXzSfYJaI3ljc-AgkYWZM2BJvgWaEFyIK46YIJqUR9h0/s1600/img691+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1111" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK_NFdwFWfMgjxFmR54hGRI2YhsJj6F7vR1n8DkNtKOaeqqfXV1QWqzEguz0PaGx-Z2hQ5ujou7poMYXB9Eu754uXQyE6fXyHtXzSfYJaI3ljc-AgkYWZM2BJvgWaEFyIK46YIJqUR9h0/s320/img691+ed+.jpg" width="222" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dairy listing 1930</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The capacity of the shaft may be calculated
to be about 16 tonnes of grain or ensilage. Ensilage is made from pasture
plants cut when green, which is compacted, sealed and allowed to ferment
without air, forming a material similar to sauerkraut; cattle relish it once
they get used to the taste (Woods 1883, Sutherland 1980). Grain may also have
been delivered by cart or truck down Somers Street from the highway or railway
to the top of the silo from where it could then be removed at the base as
required for stock feeding. A full silo of grain would by my calculations feed
a dozen cows for six months and so ensure security and continuity of milk
production.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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The economics of dairy farming easily
demonstrate that supplementary feeding was a worthwhile investment to maintain
production. A small dairy of 15-20 milking cows producing an average of two
gallons (9 litres) each per day over two milkings, much less than today’s
breeds, could return around £40.0.0 per week, before costs, based on milk
prices of around 4 pence per pint. The weekly basic wage in the 1920s was
around £4.5.0. In today’s values £40.0.0 is equivalent to over $2,500 based on
the CPI from 1920 to 2015, not a bad living, but a hard one, (see note for
calculations below). Ken Porter whose family operated a dairy in north Leura in
the 1930s with a milking herd of 80 cows, recalled in an oral history interview
for Blue Mountains Library in 2010, that his father would get up at 2.30 am to
begin milking at 4.00 am, seven days a week and his grandfather would still be
making deliveries at 9.00 pm, no wonder he would often fall asleep at the
dinner table; Ken began helping with the milking at age six, with his two
brothers, and would often not arrive at school until 11o’clock in the morning
(Levido 2010).<o:p></o:p></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFOmsRXLveNDiPvTYQfn8EdYuRcLUBOofEZZJtuvgYJid4AMAkzOKff77NpAjGfD-2CYG6fQZ7sEt9DhWK9ycj3F-DV41f3MHlyV0KKPjGbOLiDXXi_K0rtGNglBOi8tClmqj8msm6tVI/s1600/IMG_7412+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFOmsRXLveNDiPvTYQfn8EdYuRcLUBOofEZZJtuvgYJid4AMAkzOKff77NpAjGfD-2CYG6fQZ7sEt9DhWK9ycj3F-DV41f3MHlyV0KKPjGbOLiDXXi_K0rtGNglBOi8tClmqj8msm6tVI/s320/IMG_7412+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The cow pasture below Somers St, remains of The Glen dairy on right, 2017 author photo</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Supplementary feeding came into sharp focus
during the 1890s when Australia was in a grip of widespread drought, known as
the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_Drought">Federation
Drought</a> . Ensilage was promoted as a secure means of fodder conservation by
the principal of the Hawkesbury Agricultural College, who toured rural areas
delivered lectures on silos and ensilage for dairy farming (Sydney Morning
Herald 1891). It is quite possible that this raised awareness and prompted the
building of our silo.<br />
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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There are other early examples of pit silos,
including the seventeen grain storage silos located in the sandstone bedrock on
<a href="https://flic.kr/p/dkt7Dm">Cockatoo Island</a>, these date from the
1840s, and have a small top entrance
opening up to a cavity six metres deep and seven metres wide. Earth silage pits
are found on dairy farms along the Nepean River at Castlereagh and may also
date from as early as the 1840s (Godden et. al. 2008). The Somers Street shaft
may be seen as part of an established tradition of on-farm fodder conservation
and storage. Ensilage and chaff were also widely available from commercial
suppliers (Maitland daily Mercury 1910) and may have been stored in the silo
for protection from weather and vermin. Oats and barley were also grown locally
for stock feed (Freemans’ Journal 1903).<o:p></o:p></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7A-20KbQzdJ20p2Q0vyZMSOZtyw8BEXOoCBzShk2AdmAeipYNWuSIjZOgA0_EZ_SRjKP3QpQHrrLnb7OVqBCaJVn8aZ4yG5rQOXTH8pL8qRx-iekY5MXKYT5L-2e9JILfUgg4rF_osKQ/s1600/img567.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1453" data-original-width="1194" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7A-20KbQzdJ20p2Q0vyZMSOZtyw8BEXOoCBzShk2AdmAeipYNWuSIjZOgA0_EZ_SRjKP3QpQHrrLnb7OVqBCaJVn8aZ4yG5rQOXTH8pL8qRx-iekY5MXKYT5L-2e9JILfUgg4rF_osKQ/s320/img567.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lawson guest house advertising pure local Jersey milk and cream, 1905</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Based on average <a href="http://www.publish.csiro.au/ebook/chapter/SA0501051">feeding rates</a> of
3.5 kg of silage per day for a lactating Jersey cow weighing 450 kg and
producing 13 litres of milk a day, a full silo containing 6 tonnes of fodder
would provide continuous supplementary feeding for around a dozen cows for at
least six months, and so ensure security and continuity of milk production. The
limiting factor in milk production is actually water, with up to 4 litres of
water required for every litre of milk produced (La Grange 2007). The nearest
natural water source to the Glen dairy is Cataract Creek a short distance away on the
valley floor, in dry times water may have had to be carted and there may have
been a well.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Beginning in the late 1860s there were camps
of fettlers and navvies throughout the Blue Mountains as the railway line was
pushed westwards from Penrith to Wentworth Falls by 1867 and over the Great
Zigzag to Bowenfels by October 1869 – here were men used to cutting through
rock and they were not in short supply.
In fact the labourers who worked on the Mountains line, with their
families, contributed significantly to the growth and development of the towns
along its route (Croft 1982). <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFpKaWDCNIp5VIbXf1H1u_irReHbb7TWs7x7U9V2NJe-SEMC_aK65tyq1CFIYCFsWnfNFjMS8wfXinvV1R2mzVImIwrPAfAYVgTCSoppq-biBKaRl0pPWchKOYKUBmpj5pDJ6yOohAyRc/s1600/IMG_7423+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFpKaWDCNIp5VIbXf1H1u_irReHbb7TWs7x7U9V2NJe-SEMC_aK65tyq1CFIYCFsWnfNFjMS8wfXinvV1R2mzVImIwrPAfAYVgTCSoppq-biBKaRl0pPWchKOYKUBmpj5pDJ6yOohAyRc/s320/IMG_7423+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Interior of the shaft showing pick marks, author photo, scale is 10 cm<br />
2017 author photo</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Construction of the shaft itself would have
utilised traditional manual <a href="http://greatnorthroad.com.au/about-the-trail/construction-of-the-road/formation-of-the-great-north-road">methods
for road construction</a> and rock cutting used throughout the Blue Mountains
and elsewhere in the 19<sup>th</sup> Century. The work was usually done by a two
man team with one man holding a long, sharpened steel jumperbar that was struck
by the hammer man and rotated a quarter turn after each blow. This resulted in a
series of holes from about 40 cm to 80 cm deep, the weakened rock could then be
broken away with chisels or wedges. In a hand boring contest attended by 1,000
people in August 1888, five teams competed and the winners achieved bore holes
33 cm deep in hard granite in less than seven minutes, at a striking rate of 91
hits per minute, this would need two hammer men striking successive blows on
the jumper.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbNqYt5qTkMnmrW7zM1_ocjUJvGvq27OcWSo6JbauEE4uXtsg2iyqe97hEajSIIvbTJjFD7VV7B8-MSzyAwASEvuEC_ZJigUpY_8eGz8B_SVpUKxZ5T34O-sUjMDNQXdCr7ktv2jffqnI/s1600/IMG_7454+ed+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbNqYt5qTkMnmrW7zM1_ocjUJvGvq27OcWSo6JbauEE4uXtsg2iyqe97hEajSIIvbTJjFD7VV7B8-MSzyAwASEvuEC_ZJigUpY_8eGz8B_SVpUKxZ5T34O-sUjMDNQXdCr7ktv2jffqnI/s320/IMG_7454+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Interior view of the silo showing access tunnel, 2017 author photo</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The rock face was then cleaned up with a
pick axe swung alternately from right and left, this produces the familiar
angled cuts seen on many of the <a href="https://flic.kr/p/My2MBt">local railway
cuttings</a> and in our shaft. The space needed to swing the pick also
determined the minimum diameter of the shaft. Although black powder and
dynamite were available and used in the bigger road and rail cuttings, (Convict
Trail 2017), it is unlikely they were used in our shaft for fear of shattering
the cliff face. There is some evidence of coarse sandy, rock spoil in crevices
on the cliff top, but most is visible as a mound at the base of the cliff
outside the lower entrance tunnel, see photo.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6U34hISpIXaJKxny87uLDuee0MhaQl1gmg3U-56iCATTGg9mEu8LIXdfl9qSG3xMLXaq4YzfvTokTvtAZPH_dnEpfAioAbkpjRnFS8AHSu6ZoBMLLBGUVTnD8VTihqodb_SkfPwPzbs4/s1600/silo+base+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1077" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6U34hISpIXaJKxny87uLDuee0MhaQl1gmg3U-56iCATTGg9mEu8LIXdfl9qSG3xMLXaq4YzfvTokTvtAZPH_dnEpfAioAbkpjRnFS8AHSu6ZoBMLLBGUVTnD8VTihqodb_SkfPwPzbs4/s320/silo+base+ed+.jpg" width="215" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Exterior view showing access tunnel in relation to cliff face and<br />
mound of spoil 1985, author photo</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
So to summarise, the shaft post-dates the
convict period and was probably excavated by skilled rock cutters employed on
the numerous railway gangs living and working in the area, during the railway
construction period of the 1880s and early 1900s. It is further proposed that
it was the need to maintain milk production, perhaps prompted by the severe
drought of the period 1896-1902, that prompted the significant economic
investment in providing supplementary fodder storage, either grain or ensilage
and perhaps both, that is the origin what can now be identified as the rock
silo in Somers Street, Lawson.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjr2_-bnI45OiEhhntpmCJt1TUA4NIYMdl6R8i6Zjfc1tjLjOC7rNso9XqgdRlst3-VqkQJvj5WzhvbFR19yQcUTwYzv_tsqDnBYWN0MVAwLovyGDnPmvQ51RuvPEM16YGkeUdDfDS-5YU/s1600/Model+Dairy+yards+ed+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1016" data-original-width="1600" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjr2_-bnI45OiEhhntpmCJt1TUA4NIYMdl6R8i6Zjfc1tjLjOC7rNso9XqgdRlst3-VqkQJvj5WzhvbFR19yQcUTwYzv_tsqDnBYWN0MVAwLovyGDnPmvQ51RuvPEM16YGkeUdDfDS-5YU/s320/Model+Dairy+yards+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ossie Smith's dairy Katoomba c. 1920</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The Glen dairy below Somers Street with its
associated silo was part of a wider picture of many small, township<span lang="EN-US"> dairies
in the Blue Mountains and elsewhere. Apart from using a cream separator and the
Babcock tester, they showed little evidence of the technological changes that
would transform the <a href="https://www.pwc.com.au/industry/agribusiness/assets/australian-dairy-industry-nov11.pdf">dairy
industry</a> in the 20th century,</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>now Australia’s third largest agricultural
industry with a gross value of over $4 billion annually.<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">The
Mountains dairies continued to operate into the 1950s due to the demand for
fresh milk by the local community that valued their local milk and wanted
nothing to do with the so called ‘imported’ stuff. Before their eventual demise
they were the last remnant, on a human scale, of a cultural adaptation that
stretches back into prehistory and still survives in many rural and small scale
societies in parts of Europe, Africa and Asia, where milch animals have
included not only cows but sheep, goats, camels, donkeys, horses, buffalo and
reindeer.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9lVckloi4Kz8RcvyqY6Q5O38cApCZijpC_M0aSQVbmCpqswPkh2cXX1dIC3I32QIOz-izX5LfB2qOB5w7gU-6YWdJ9BxSavQ4bhbq5JBXqG2nYPCBVpg0Eb0y8jf3AdtQh5ZWLFJib44/s1600/Model+Dairy+Ossie+Smith+in+cart+ed+2+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="915" data-original-width="1600" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9lVckloi4Kz8RcvyqY6Q5O38cApCZijpC_M0aSQVbmCpqswPkh2cXX1dIC3I32QIOz-izX5LfB2qOB5w7gU-6YWdJ9BxSavQ4bhbq5JBXqG2nYPCBVpg0Eb0y8jf3AdtQh5ZWLFJib44/s320/Model+Dairy+Ossie+Smith+in+cart+ed+2+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ossie Smith's milk cart c. 1920</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">The
importance of milk was apparent from the beginning of European settlement </span>1788. When the First Fleet arrived at Sydney
cove, it brought one bull, four cows and one calf. These animals were to supply
milk to the new colony and to serve as foundation stock for future herds. There
were many setbacks in the first year (poor soils and pastures being a major
concern) and within the first four months of settlement the original herd had
wandered off in search of better food. Seven years later the herd was found
near the Nepean River, numbering 40 cows and 2 bulls. During those early years,
famine, drought and a lack of farming experience meant that many of the initial
shipments of dairy cattle were slaughtered for meat. After these initial
difficulties, the herd increased from 200 cows in 1796, to 1,044 in 1800 and
rapidly to 34,500 head by 1825, and went on to form the basis of the dairy
industry as we know it. (ABS, 2004).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Full fat
cow’s milk is recognised as a good source of nutrition for brain development and
generations of school children have been nurtured on milk with clear health
benefits (Adee et. al. 2017). The difference now is that most children will
never know the warm, rich smells of a milch cow chewing her cud, or experience
the drama of a busy dairy at sunrise. Milk products are now consumer items that
come from supermarket cabinets via a supply chain. The standard of nutrition of
most Western countries is now so high that cow’s milk is probably unnecessary in
our diet (ibid.) and is just as likely to be enjoyed in a latte or a yogurt
smoothie, yet in the not so distant past the village dairy formed an essential
part of small town life. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u>Acknowledgements<o:p></o:p></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Stan Bentley for personal conversations
during the 1985 research, Stan was a member of Springwood Historical Society
and as a young man worked in various Blue Mountains dairies; he supplied many
of the personal details of the Lawson dairy operators.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The pioneering Blue Mountains archaeologist,
Fr. Eugene Stockton first alerted me to the shaft and reported finding oat
hulls in the interior; he has resided in Somers Street for many years and first
explored the silo in the 1960s. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<u>Images</u> from Blue Mountains Library Local Studies Collection and the author unless otherwise noted</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u>Historical prices and modern values<o:p></o:p></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Historic currency value calculator - <a href="https://www.measuringworth.com/australiacompare/">https://www.measuringworth.com/australiacompare/</a> <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
What is used to cost - <a href="http://guides.slv.vic.gov.au/whatitcost/groceries">http://guides.slv.vic.gov.au/whatitcost/groceries</a>
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u>References and further reading<o:p></o:p></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ABS - Australian Bureau of Statistics, Year Book Australia, 2004. History of milk
production in Australia. Retrieved from <a href="http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/B006A83A9127B0F5CA256DEA00053965?Open">http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/B006A83A9127B0F5CA256DEA00053965?Open</a><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Adee, Sally et. al. 2017. Milk, New
Scientist No 3116, 11 March. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Atkinson, James 1826. An Account of the State of Agriculture and
Grazing in New South Wales. Holborn, London, J. Cross. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Bentley, Stan 1986. Christmas Swamp, a
history of Lawson. Springwood Historical Society.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The Blue Mountains Advertiser (Katoomba, NSW
: 1940 - 1954) Blackheath Council To Oppose Milk Board (1946, April 12) ,
p. 6. Retrieved December 6, 2017, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article189904187">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article189904187</a>
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Blue Mountains Encyclopaedia1926 -7. Where
to Stay and What to Do. Local Govt. Sydney, NSW Tourist Agency.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Blue Mountains Shire Council. Inspector’s
Record of Inspections, 1915-1928. Lawson, Shire Chambers.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Bratby, D.
(interviewer) and Stockton, J. (interviewee). 1984, February 18. Interview<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
with Julie
Stockton by Diana Bratby [Audio file]. Speaking of the Past, Blue<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Mountains Library.
Retrieved from <a href="http://library.bmcc.nsw.gov.au/">http://library.bmcc.nsw.gov.au</a>
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Convict Trail: Formation of the Great North Road - <a href="http://greatnorthroad.com.au/about-the-trail/construction-of-the-road/formation-of-the-great-north-road">http://greatnorthroad.com.au/about-the-trail/construction-of-the-road/formation-of-the-great-north-road</a>
. Accessed 28 November 2017. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Croft &
Associates with Meredith Walker 1982. Blue Mountains Heritage Study – Final
Report, for Blue Mountains City Council.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Fox, Brian 2009.
One of Lawson’s Mysteries. Hobby’s Outreach vol. 20, no. 5 December
2008-January 2009. Wentworth Falls, Blue Mountains Historical Society. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Freeman’s Journal
1903. 'THE SETTLER', Freeman's
Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1850 - 1932), 7 November, p. 12. , viewed 29 Nov
2017, <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108253850">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108253850</a>
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Godden McKay Logan
2008. Archaeological Management Plan,
Penrith Lakes Scheme - <a href="http://admin.penrithlakes.com.au/content/2015/03/Smith-Road-Archaeology-Handbook.pdf">http://admin.penrithlakes.com.au/content/2015/03/Smith-Road-Archaeology-Handbook.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Higginbotham E,
and R Ian Jack, 1982. The Asgard Swamp Mine and Kiln near Mt Victoria, New
South Wales: An Archaeological Report. Australian Archaeology No. 15 (Dec., 1982),
pp. 54-66<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Hughes Turnbull,
Lucy 2008. The End of Transportation, Dictionary of Sydney. <a href="https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/the_end_of_transportation">https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/the_end_of_transportation</a><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Karskens, Grace 1984. The Convict Road Station Site at Wisemans
Ferry: an Historical and Archaeological <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Investigation. Australian Historical
Archaeology, 2, 1984.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
La Grange, Robert et. al. 2007. Nutrition
Management for Tasmanian Dairy Farmers. Department of Primary Industries &
Water Tasmania.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Levido, Trish (interviewer) and Porter, Ken
(interviewee) 2010. Leura Dairy 1930s, interview with Ken Porter by Trish
Levido for Blue Mountains City Library.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Mackaness, George 1965. Fourteen journeys
over the Blue Mountains of New South Wales: 1813-1841. Reprint ed. Sydney,
Halstead Press.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Maitland Daily
Mercury (NSW: 1894 - 1939),
1911 'AGRICULTURE.', 25 November, p. 5. , viewed 29 Nov 2017, <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article121469500">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article121469500</a>
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Merriman, John 2014. From Linden Bluff to 20
Mile Hollow: the Western Road 1814-2014. In Eugene Stockton ed., This Tortuous
Ridge, Linden to Lawson. Lawson, Blue Mountain Education and Research
Trust. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Merriman, John 1985. A rock silo in Somers
Street, Lawson: an archaeological and historical investigation. Armidale,
University of New England, Dept. of Archaeology and Paleoanthropology. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Nicholas, Stephen, ed. 1988. Convict Workers: Reinterpreting Australia's
Past. Cambridge University Press.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Pearson, M 1990. The Lime Industry in
Australia: an overview. Australian Archaeology No. 8, 1990, pp.
28-35.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Somers
Street, Lawson. Pamphlet file, Blue
Mountains City Library, Springwood.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sutherland,
JA 1980. Fodder Conservation in: Introduction to Agriculture. Sydney,
McGraw-Hill.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sydney
Morning Herald 1891. COUNTRY NEWS, (NSW: 1842 - 1954), 26 August, p. 8. ,
viewed 29 Nov 2017, <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13836498">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13836498</a>
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Wikipedia. Federation Drought - <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_Drought">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_Drought</a>
accessed 4 October 2017.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Wikipedia. Silage - <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silage">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silage</a>
accessed 4 October 2017.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Woods,
Henry, 1883. Ensilage: its origin, history, and practice, a lecture. - <a href="https://archive.org/details/ensilageitsorig00woodgoog">https://archive.org/details/ensilageitsorig00woodgoog</a>
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Yeaman,
John 1983, 2010 and 2014. Footsteps in time, a road across the mountains. <a href="http://www.nswlrs.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/211894/Footsteps_in_Time_2014.pdf">http://www.nswlrs.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/211894/Footsteps_in_Time_2014.pdf</a>
Accessed 29 November 2017.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div style="height: 0px;">
John Merriman, Local Studies Librarian, Blue Mountains City Library, 2017<br />
x</div>
<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-15684679168649030462017-08-15T12:30:00.000+10:002017-08-16T14:54:20.930+10:00William Dawes: The first white man on the Blue Mountains <div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<br />
AUTHOR NOTE</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The Author has lived in the Blue Mountains all his life born
at Katoomba and moved to Springwood in 1949.
In his early years he gained an intimate knowledge of the region as a
bushwalker. He gained experience of topographic survey and photogrammetry while
working for the Forestry Commission and is an experienced cartographer and
surveyor. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In preparing this booklet acknowledgement is made of the
help and guidance given by Jack Maddock, President of the Springwood Historical
Society and the staff of the Local History Centre of Braemar, Springwood.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
PREFACE. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The Bi-centenary of
the founding of Australia in 1788 established an awareness of our
heritage. From now on we will celebrate
a succeeding series of such events and I think it is important to highlight
some of the more notable firsts so that, if for no other reason, we can
establish the roots of our Australian civilisation.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
We owe some deference to a man who struggled through some of
the most difficult mountain terrain in the country, carrying provisions such as
salt meat and flour, camping gear, and probably firearms too.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Lieutenant William Dawes was able and intelligent, respected
by all who knew him. His story is one of
an ordinary man who did his duty and acted with responsibility. There are few records of Dawes except those
available in the writings of others.
Unfortunately all of Dawes' personal writings were destroyed.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The story of this man and his adventurous journey is commemorated
in this, the bi-centennial year of his attempt to cross the Blue Mountains,
December 14, 1989.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Lindsay Paish.<o:p></o:p></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-GrD3q1jQ4Z48N2tq8BDM1AsXypxCt093rifTGLFipYUR3yG9xR8Xs7evZoXHaYRABnOU883ocCUXy6o4ABIN1nuzdif3EDXfnK_BMKIpRvq6PCAm6aXCuDzxMiLvx3Gk3ZLcwpeLNcg/s1600/dawes+cro+ed+w+1+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-GrD3q1jQ4Z48N2tq8BDM1AsXypxCt093rifTGLFipYUR3yG9xR8Xs7evZoXHaYRABnOU883ocCUXy6o4ABIN1nuzdif3EDXfnK_BMKIpRvq6PCAm6aXCuDzxMiLvx3Gk3ZLcwpeLNcg/s320/dawes+cro+ed+w+1+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Map by Lindsay Paish 1989<br />
showing Dawes' probable route</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
INTRODUCTION. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
By 1813 the infant colony was expanding to the north in the
vicinity of the Hunter River and to the south-west through the Cowpastures
towards Picton, Camden and over most of the Cumberland Plain. Land grants were easily obtained by free
settlers, the Military and ticket-of-leave men who had completed their
sentences. But the few agricultural
areas within the plain were hardly sufficient to feed the colony and it was
with some desperation that successive Governors had required that some break be
made through the wild country surrounding the County of Cumberland. The trio of
Blaxland, Lawson and Wentworth, noting the information gathered by previous
explorers, determined that the only practical course must be along the ridge
tops (as the success of Caley in 1804 to Mt. Banks indicated) and it was this
deduction that led to their 1813 achievement.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Prior to the successful crossing a number of attempts were
made to surmount the barrier which, as was evident to the earlier settlers, was
very broken and precipitous in the most part, only becoming easy in the areas
of " wianamatta shale" which makes up the comparatively good land around
the Rose Hill - St. Marys district and also a small patch on the Blue Mountains
around Springwood. The broken sandstone
cliffs which surround the Hawkesbury River and the Lower Blue Mountains were
extremely hazardous and dangerous to the men who had not the advantages of our
present day footwear and clothing. It
was over this treacherous country that early mountain explorers had to travel
-vertical cliffs, deep gullies, rough, broken creek beds, rocky outcrops and
barren ridges. The appearance to the
English was aptly described by Surgeon White in a letter to Mr. Skill of The
Strand, London: "... the country, my Lord, in past dispute a wretched one
..."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Governor King sent a party over the region to the north of
the Grose River in November 1805. They
set their course from the junction of the Grose and Hawkesbury Rivers, headed
due west for a distance of forty miles
(64 km) and rose to the summit of the first range and traversed some of the
rich country around Bilpin and Mt. Tomah.
They reached a high prominence and saw at a distance of about 12 miles
(20 km) another tall mountain (probably Mt. Banks). On this first mountain they discovered a
cairn of stones which King believed to be erected by Bass, who had journeyed in
that vicinity some nine years earlier.
King described the mountains as a "stupendous barrier".<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
Caley reached Mt. Banks on the 22nd of December 1804, twelve
days after setting out from the junction of the Grose and Hawkesbury Rivers,
travelling W.W.N.W. For the first three
miles the country was good grazing land, but the rest of the land traversed was
rough and barren. His view from the crest of Mt. Banks, to the westward, was of
further mountainous country but no great gorges such as the Grose were in
evidence. After his return, his opinion
was that the limit of cultivation was the foothills of the mountains.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Most of the country
was so sterile that Caley described it as -"the roughest of the country I
found, beyond description -" and, referring to the lack of wildlife on the
more barren ridges -"one of Caley's men remarked that they must have lost
their way when they saw two crows - "<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
(In respect of the Linden monument, no record of Caley's
shows of his attempt in this direction, though he does note an effort to cross
by horseback. If he had reached this
point, however, he would have made some record of it, because of the nature of
the terrain and the distance.)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The exploring trip by Ensign Francis Barrallier, to a point
in the vicinity of the Jenolan Caves in November 1802, is far enough out of
this district not to warrant any expansion here, though the reason for his trip
was the crossing of the mountains. Similarly, the trip of John Wilson,
southward through the Cow Pastures does not need expanding upon here.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In 1796 Surgeon George Bass crossed the Hawkesbury and
proceeded westward to the rich area of Bilpin and Mt. Tomah. At the terminus of his journey he erected a
cairn which was later noted by Governor King in his journey of 1805.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
An attempt at a crossing was made through the Lower Blue
Mountains by the former quartermaster of the "Sirius", Henry Hacking
in August 1794. He reported that his path crossed eighteen or nineteen ridges
of high rocks. David Collins mentioned
in his "Account", <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
—they saw but one native in the desolate region, and
he fled from their approach, preferring the solitary enjoyment of his rocks and
woods, with liberty, to any intercourse with them. These hills appear to extend very far to the
northward and the southward. An
impossible barrier seems fixed to the westward and little hope was left of
extending cultivation beyond the limits of the County of Cumberland.— </blockquote>
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The terminal point of Henry Hacking's attempt to negotiate a
passage of the Blue Mountains, was submitted for record to the Department of Lands,
Sydney in November 1903, as being defined by the cairn discovered by Blaxland
and party in 1813.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“It is assumed that the cairn as submitted for record is the
one known as Caley's Repulse - at Linden.”
The original location of the cairn, noted as Kealey's Pile (Blaxland)
may never be accurately determined due to the extensive and varied works
associated with the Highway and the Railway.
It can be said, however, that the original monument was in this
immediate vicinity.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Captain Paterson touched on the north side of the Lower Blue
Mountains when he tried to gain access to the western country by way of the
rivers. He followed the Hawkesbury as
Phillip had done, but took with him boats of shallower draft than the
Governor's and so was able to travel over the rapids that stopped Phillip in
1789. After leaving Richmond Hill:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
... this part of the river carried him to the westward
and into the chasm seen to divide the high land, with some difficulty and some
danger, meeting in the space of ten miles, no less than five waterfalls. Above this part the water was about fifteen
yards from side to side ...</blockquote>
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It was supposed that he had travelled ten miles further up
the river than before, naming the "Grose River" and a high peak they
had in view in the chasm, the "Harrington Peak". This was in September 1793.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A series of stupendous achievements considering the alien
nature of the country. Achievements which culminated in the 1813 crossing
overland that, to the European mind, was desolate, infertile and of unbelievable
roughness. Land which was first
traversed by an indomitable Lieutenant of Marines - William Dawes.<o:p></o:p></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVxo2UcuLYT2Oaq7BJhysV6Xv4yA0ba6xQsGRSjYaNpMC8GMEGyBUFLKnYWsjuankfuAMBI1Vjbf7OW5Cjob57s4d_ljvRAfM9iDBCqIaem4uoMMbM5zXgBUOk4Nq-hM8v39Ur3F0XoeE/s1600/figure-dawes-new.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="792" data-original-width="612" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVxo2UcuLYT2Oaq7BJhysV6Xv4yA0ba6xQsGRSjYaNpMC8GMEGyBUFLKnYWsjuankfuAMBI1Vjbf7OW5Cjob57s4d_ljvRAfM9iDBCqIaem4uoMMbM5zXgBUOk4Nq-hM8v39Ur3F0XoeE/s320/figure-dawes-new.png" width="247" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Portrait of William Dawes <br />
image courtesy Rocks Discovery Museum</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
THE MAN.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
William Dawes was somewhat of an enigma, a man who left
little of his own work, but who ought to have given so much information about
himself. Many of his personal papers and
letters have been destroyed and most information about the man must be drawn
from the writings of many of his contemporaries. There is no man among our founders who has
provided so little about himself and his views.
What we know about him is through the statements of others.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dawes was born 1762, the eldest son of Benjamin Dawes, a
clerk of works in the Ordinance Office at Portsmouth, England. In 1779 he was gazetted as a Second
Lieutenant in the Royal Marines and served on the "Resolution". He saw action in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, in
the War of Independence where he was wounded in 1781.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Upon his return to England he pursued skills of surveying
and engineering and became a competent astronomer, a firm friend of Dr. Maskeylyne,
the Royal Astronomer. Dawes was a
gentleman in the true meaning of the word, he was much respected by his
contemporaries, and was skilled and conscientious in all tasks he undertook. "To give you his character in a few words, he is a most
amiable man, and though young, truly religious, without any appearance of
formal sanctity. He is kind to
everyone. He has a great share of
general knowledge, studious, yet ever cheerful, and the goodness of his
disposition renders him esteemed and respected by all who know him " and
further in reference to his skill as an astronomer Mrs. Elizabeth Macarthur
says " - he is so engaged with the stars that to mortal eyes he is not
always visible."</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
When the First Fleet was being prepared Lieutenant Dawes
volunteered for service. Due to his
contact with Dr. Maskeylyne and his ability as an astronomer, Dawes was charged
with the task of observing a comet which was supposed to reappear in the
Southern Skies in 1788. To this end he
was instructed to set up an observatory, and a great deal of technical and
valuable equipment was made available by the Board of Longitude. Dawes was such an able person that it was his
responsibility to maintain these delicate astronomical and meteorological
instruments. The "Timekeeper", one of the most important pieces,
particularly for navigation, was under Dawes' management and he, Captain Hunter
or Governor Phillip were always to be present for the 'winding' at noon each
day.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
McAfee stated that - "For work in Australia it was
indeed fortunate that such a conscientious and thorough scientist as Dawes was
given these tasks."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
On the voyage out Dawes continued to follow his readings and
studies and at every opportunity made contact with local astronomers at each
landfall. In November 1787 Governor
Phillip, Lt. King and Lt. Dawes transferred from the "Sirius" to the
"Supply" as the latter was a faster ship and Capt. Phillip wished to
reach Botany Bay first.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Upon reaching Botany Bay Lieutenant Dawes was among the
first to explore the interior and found the country unattractive and unsuitable
for settlement. The results of these
investigations prompted Phillip to move to Port Jackson.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dawes was not drafted ashore until July 1788 and in the
intervening time worked incessantly to complete the construction of an
observatory to house the precious astronomical and meteorological instruments
entrusted to him by the Board of Longitude.
The building was constructed on the western point of Sydney Cove and
consisted of a small lean-to shed attached to an octagonal building designed to
allow observation of the stars through the roof.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This building became the cultural and intellectual centre of
the infant colony and the area around it became known as Dawes Point. However,
at Dawes' request, Capt. Hunter - "was pleased to honour this Point by
calling it Point Maskeylyne" after the Astronomer Royal who had delegated
Dawes to make observations. However, the
popular name of "Dawes Point" has remained to this day.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The early struggles of the new colony demanded much time and
energy from the resident astronomer and unofficial meteorologist. Apart from his duties as an officer to the
Royal Marines as well as his observations of Astronomy and detailed recording
of meteorological data, Dawes was involved in laying out the first streets and
allotments in Sydney and Parramatta. In
addition, Dawes participated in several expeditions accompanied by Watkin
Tench.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dawes' participation
in these expeditions was of great importance, Captain Tench stated in his
complete account of the settlement of Port Jackson:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
Our method on these expeditions
was to steer by compass, noting the different courses as we proceeded; and counting the number of paces, of which
two thousand two hundred on good ground were allowed to be a mile. At night, when we halted, all these courses
were separately cast up, and worked by a traverse table in the manner of a
ship's reckoning is kept; so that by
observing this precaution we always knew exactly where we were, and how far
from home; an unspeakable advantage in a
new colony, where one hill and one tree, is so like another that fatal
wonderings would ensue without it. This arduous task was always allotted to Mr.
Dawes who, from habit and superior skill, performed it almost without a stop or
interruption of conversation; to any
other man, on such terms, it would have been impracticable.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This man, this scientist and recorder, was responsible for
the early exploration of the Colony of N.S.W.
A man of great general knowledge and skilled application of his
abilities, was liked by all who knew him and, as would later be revealed, a man
of great compassion. William Dawes was
the first recorded white man to penetrate the Blue Mountains.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN1zTrk5OQoOLnTLzE3ubgtfZMejzgMSidEMsfSzET1Z3H0TC6D1vWkseuW_1Cj1HXFrp2qGwH_fluxpyZZhxhow6JqLE281rqApwaU0GKV0P1gteSkthaZQSIckYgeMJR-f3k6aO4NNs/s1600/nla.obj-230635598.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1213" data-original-width="1600" height="242" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN1zTrk5OQoOLnTLzE3ubgtfZMejzgMSidEMsfSzET1Z3H0TC6D1vWkseuW_1Cj1HXFrp2qGwH_fluxpyZZhxhow6JqLE281rqApwaU0GKV0P1gteSkthaZQSIckYgeMJR-f3k6aO4NNs/s320/nla.obj-230635598.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dawes' map drawn 1791, image: nla.obj-230635598</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
EXPLORATION AND DISCOVERY.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In the early days of settlement the infant colony depended
for its subsistence almost entirely on that which was brought in; no reliance could be placed on early
agricultural efforts, animals could not be considered suitable to supplement
the diet for upwards of five thousand souls.
Although cultivation was begun under the direction of Governor Phillip
almost immediately after the first settlers landed, it was soon found that the
soil was so inferior that the crops were not nearly as good as was
expected. It was with these troubles on
his mind that Phillip started out on his trips of discovery. On his first journey to the north, past what
is now the Narrabeen Lakes, he had a full view of what he called "The Blue
Mountains". He was determined to
reach the summit of those mountains with the object of extending the area of
cultivation. In the meantime, the area
around Rose Hill was discovered and it was from this area that further
exploration was carried out.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Governor Phillip, accompanied by Admiral John Hunter,
travelled to the north west discovering the Hawkesbury River which they crossed
and, on the north side on the 5th July 1789, reached an high hill which he
called "Richmond Hill". It is
recorded in Hunter's Journal of that date - "this range of mountains we
supposed to be those which are seen from Port Jackson and called "The Blue
Mountains" - in that range of highland there is a remarkable gully or
chasm, from which we appeared to be distant about five miles ! It was at this point that Phillip named the
high basalt hills (Mt. Hay, Mt. Irvine etc) to the north of this chasm, the
"Carmarthen Mountains" and those to the south the "Landsdowne
Hills" (the Lower Blue Mountains).<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
There is little doubt
that these mountains held a strong attraction for Phillip as is borne out by
his repeated attempts and his instructions to others to reach and cross them.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Tench remarks:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
. . . at a distance of sixty miles inland a
prodigious chain of lofty mountains runs in a nearly north south direction,
farther than the eye can trace them.
Should nothing intervene to prevent it, the Governor intends shortly to
explore their summits and I think that there can be little doubt that his curiosity
will not go unrewarded.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
By this time conditions in the colony were nearly chaotic;
discipline in the Marine Corps was falling off and control of the convicts was
almost non-existent. Many of the
convicts and a number of officers and men were taking up land grants and
establishing farms on the more arable lands around the settlement, but their
extensive attempts at cultivation were not succeeding because of the extreme
climatic conditions. More convicts were expected each day and the meagre
supplies were not considered sufficient to cope even with the relief by the
establishment of Norfolk Island.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The Governor aided the taking up of land by making free
grants of land to settlers and in lieu of fees or quit rent, these settlers
undertook to take charge of and feed a number of convicts, thus relieving the
strain on the Government Stores. It was
in this early period of land-grabbing development, that David Collins stated
"—-a knowledge of the interior parts of this extensive country was
anxiously desired by everyone — "<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In December 1789, Governor Phillip charged Dawes with the
task of reaching the western mountains from a freshwater stream that Tench had
found earlier and believed to be a tributary of the Hawkesbury, Collins'
statement continued "—with a small party taking with them as many
provisions as they could conveniently carry, set off in an attempt to reach the
western mountains. This excursion he
returned on the ninth day without accomplishing his design."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Tench records that the party was made up of Lieutenant Dawes
of the Marines accompanied by Lieutenant Johnston and Mr. Lowes.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhn0JJfynSbDxmbR3gItiQoCEl8-W0DUJjn4U4zueh5mtWgN0WzCiFLuVa9mm0o9JoFFjUO0HQ7S3t33P0ASi4UKDA2N4SznhjOKlg96ifcN3Y81wgLNMsK-YMmeMco8eW7HTcnNESnb0U/s1600/shs+840+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1591" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhn0JJfynSbDxmbR3gItiQoCEl8-W0DUJjn4U4zueh5mtWgN0WzCiFLuVa9mm0o9JoFFjUO0HQ7S3t33P0ASi4UKDA2N4SznhjOKlg96ifcN3Y81wgLNMsK-YMmeMco8eW7HTcnNESnb0U/s320/shs+840+ed+.jpg" width="318" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Emu Ford on the Nepean River 1958, image Blue Mountains Library</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dawes' small party left the ford at Emu on the Nepean and
began his journey to the mountains. From
the available information on this trip, it is obvious that the objective of the
trip was Round Hill (Mt. Hay) either by Dawes' own design or direction of the
Governor. It could easily be conceived
that this hill was the crest of the range and that an extensive view could be
gained from the summit which would no doubt aid in the formulation of a more
concrete plan to result in an ultimate crossing. Dawes headed directly for that hill.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
On the first day of the journey, as the foothills obscured a
view of Round Hill, the party headed west until reaching the crest of the first
ridge (about the location of Mt. Riverview). From here there is a good view of
Round Hill and Dawes altered course slightly to head directly to it.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
With Round Hill as a
landmark, Dawes headed directly for it and crossed the main ridge, dividing the
waters of the Grose and Nepean, at a point somewhat east of Warrimoo
Station. Continuing, at least six major
creeks that drain southward from Valley Heights were crossed - an arduous task
requiring considerable effort in climbing into and out of them. In fact, the whole of the journey involved
ascending and descending the gullies of the Lower Mountains.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dawes crossed the ridge south of Springwood near the last
house in Farm Road, next to the Bee Farm Road ridge which was crossed near the
Rifle Range. Down into Sassafras Gully
onwards to the main ridge about Faulconbridge Station. After crossing the main ridge the second
time, Dawes’ party made their way down a succession of deep gullies, including
Linden Creek and the Woodford Creek gullies, which are about 700 feet deep (215
metres). They crossed Woodford Creek
about two and a half miles (4 km) below the Linden Dam (or Woodford Tank).<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The next major gully after Woodford Creek presents a long
unscaleable cliff on its western flank.
This caused the expedition to take a long, looping deviation northward
around the head of the ridge. On
returning to their line of march a saddle was encountered that led to a bold
ridge 2200 feet (670 metres) above sea level.
This ridge was the terminus of Dawes' journey and he named it Mount
Twiss in honour of an officer in the Royal Engineers. This point appears to be
a hill on the ridge north of what is now known as "Blue Mountain".<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
From the summit of this ridge which was reached on 14th
December, an extensive view of the Carmarthen Mountains is gained, whilst at
its foot is Wentworth Creek, some 900 feet (275 metres) deep and the roughest
gully in the mountains. Being confronted
with this formidable barrier and considering the increased wildness of the
country already traversed Dawes was forced to turn back.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
To sum up the journey the statement of David Collins refers
to Dawes: <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
- - meeting with nothing after
quitting the river, but ravines that were nearly inaccessible. He had, notwithstanding the danger and
difficulty of getting through such country, reached within eleven miles of the
mountains by computation.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
In this journey, Lieutenant
Dawes' line of march, unfortunately and unpleasantly for him, happened to be,
nearly from his setting out, across a line of high and steep rock precipices,
which required such caution in descending as well as labour in ascending.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It is interesting to compare the line of travel covered by
Blaxland and the route Dawes took. Dawes
covered 15 miles (24 km) with an average grade of 1 in 2 descending and
ascending 800 feet (244 metres) into and out of the mountain gullies, while
Blaxland travelled over 22 miles (35 km) to reach a point as far west, along
the crest of a ridge that had an average grade of 1 in 15, with the only steep
parts being those of Emu Hill and the Bluff Ridge at Linden.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It is highly
improbable that there is any cairn or monument to mark the terminus of Dawes'
journey and the many investigations that have been undertaken to establish the
location of Mount Twiss have all been inconclusive due to the lack of an
accurate description. However, logic and learned interpretation must locate
this Mount Twiss on the Blue Mountain ridge.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dawes continued to be included in the early reconnaissance
of the settlement, because of his surveying skills, and in August 1790
accompanied by Captain Tench and a man named Morgan travelled southward towards
Pyramid Hill and named a river discovered on this trip -the Morgan.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Again in the winter of 1791, with Tench, Dawes verified the
unity of the Nepean (located by Tench in June 1789) and the Hawkesbury,
discovered by Governor Phillip and Captain Hunter in July 1789.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
EPILOGUE.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In October 1788 Dawes had applied for three years’ service
in the colony and until 1791 he had seriously considered settling in New South
Wales. He was totally committed to his
astronomical pursuits as well as recording the weather. He also had official responsibilities in his
capacity as an officer of the Royal Marines.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Late in 1790 there was an altercation between the local
Aborigines and one of Phillip's wardens who was speared to death. Phillip was enraged and ordered a punitive
expedition against the tribe, instructing Captain Tench and Lt. Dawes to take
and execute ten natives in reprisal. There was some suspicion that the Warden
had fomented the trouble with the natives and perhaps had deserved the
spearing. Lt. Dawes' doubts appeared to
be deeper and he refused, at first, to participate in the punitive expedition
at all. However, at the behest of Tench
and Collins he eventually relented and obeyed the Governor's order. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
On returning from the expedition Dawes informed the Governor
that he was sorry he had been persuaded to comply with the order and very
clearly showed that he would not obey a similar order in the future. Lieutenant Dawes' expressions were such that
would have subjected him to Court Martial should the Governor have been
inclined. Dawes' past service and his
character were in his favour and the Governor did not proceed with any
disciplinary action. However, it meant
that Dawes was no longer welcome in the colony and he returned to England on
the "Gorgon" in December 1791<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dawes' movements after he returned to England are not very
well documented but it is known that his compassion led him to be involved in
the anti-slavery campaign.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dawes married in 1799.
His son, William Rutter Dawes, became a well-known astronomer. After his first wife died, Dawes married
again and a daughter of this second marriage, was a Mrs. Jones, a well-known
slave abolitionist.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dawes was involved in
the Sierra Leone Company and served three times as Governor. The company was an anti-slavery organisation,
an appropriate choice for this man of compassion. Dawes died in 1836 at
Antigua. There was, however, no death certificate available for a Lieutenant
William Dawes; his death, like most of
his life, remains undocumented.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Zachery McCauley, Governor of the Sierra Leone Company in
turn with Dawes wrote in 1796 - "Dawes is one of the excellent of the
Earth"<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
FOOTNOTES. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Footnote 1.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It would appear that the commonly accepted first crossing of
the Blue Mountains by Blaxland, Wentworth and Lawson could have been a matter
of political expediency. The accounts of
Governor Hunter refer to the expedition of John Wilson who travelled a distance
of about 116 miles (186 km) in a south-westerly direction to a river flowing
from the S.E. to the N.W. Planning out this journey gives an approximation to
the headwaters of the Lachlan River. The trip was undertaken in the first
months of 1798.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
John Wilson was an ex-convict, a vagabond and spent some
time living with the natives. He was expert in bush craft and bush travel, had
great powers of endurance and proved himself adept in sustaining the lives of
his party unencumbered by heavy burdens.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In his transcription of his journal he mentioned a
"cliff of salt" which was later disproved by Henry Hacking.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This mischievous untruth, without doubt, did much to destroy
credence of the land travel undergone. The evidence justifies the conclusion
that the passage of the Blue Mountains in 1798 becomes a matter of historical
fact.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
One wonders if John Wilson had been a respected landowner
and a member of the colonial aristocracy like Blaxland, instead of an
ex-convict gone native, would his discoveries have been heralded as the
breakthrough out of the encircling mountains.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
However, as proclaimed in the history books - Blaxland,
Wentworth and Lawson were the first to cross the Blue Mountains in 1813.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Footnote 2.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The main record of Dawes' mountain journey is the map of the
area contained in Watkin Tench's "Complete Account of Settlement".
The excellent drawing of the map with the accurate depiction of the major
features of the country that it shows, the outline of Sydney Harbour and the
relative positions of the hills and rivers, leave no doubt as to the
authenticity of the diagram of his mountain trip. So we may rightly assume that this area, as
shown, was as he saw it.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Numerous attempts have been made in search of Mt. Twiss,
among the most notable was a comprehensive, detailed and exhaustive analysis of
the evidence undertaken by F.A. Craft and R. Else-Mitchell in 1941, in which
they say – <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
...we are therefore able to conclude in the light of the
researches and investigations which we have carried out in the field, that we
have located and identified Mt. Twiss.</blockquote>
<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In assessing the route, Dawes followed the only information
available which was this map of the area, printed in 1791, on which a diagram
of the traverse is shown in remarkable detail although small in scale. The only other snippet is the statement that
he reached a point fifteen miles from the river. Putting these two factors together and
relating them to the modern ordinance map a basic approximation of the route
can be determined. As previously mentioned, Dawes was meticulous in his
recording of journeys and there is no reason to believe that this diagram would
be in error. Clarke and Mitchell, in their analysis of the journey, finally
assumed that in the actual distance travelled and, on this assumption,
determined Mt. Twiss to be located on Linden Ridge.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
However, utilising the available information and accepting
it as correct, the writer has set the line of traverse in direction and
distance. The critical determination of
the correctness of this line is then based on a comparison of each different
feature from the ordinance map and from Dawes' 1791 map. The shape of each feature crossed, as defined
by Dawes, is in the form of ridges and the line of the ridge towards its
head. The comparison shows that the
number of ridges crossed related to the actual features is in order.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Without creating any further controversy and, indeed, the
simple fact that Dawes did record the first traverse of a white man into the
mountains is achievement enough and his precise terminal point has been and
will be a matter of conjecture and is really of no consequence.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The mountain located by Craft and Mitchell lies about 2
miles due north of the Woodford Dam Reservoir on a spur from the Linden
Ridge. This location has been officially
adopted by the Geographical Names Board.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
BIBLOGRAPHY<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
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</span></span><!--[endif]-->Complete account of Settlement at Port Jackson
in New South Wales -1793 - Watkin Tench.<o:p></o:p></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]-->N.S.W. - Historical Records Vol 1 pt. 2<o:p></o:p></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]-->Historical Journal of Admiral John Hunter Page 151<o:p></o:p></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]-->Historical Records of Australia Series 13 Vol 1<o:p></o:p></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]-->History of New South Wales - G.B. Barton Vol 1<o:p></o:p></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]-->Account of the English Colony of N.S.W. - David
Collins<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Guide Book to the excursions to the Blue
Mountains and Lithgow3 19233 Pacific Science Congress - Exploration by H.R.
Cambage, F.L.S.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->First Crossing of the Blue Mountains (Newspaper
Clipping) F. Walker3 Royal Australian Historical Societies Journal Vol 25 page.
475-519<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->F. Arnold Wood "Lt. William Howes and
Captain Catkin Tench" Journal, Royal Australian Historical Society - 1924
p.p. 1-24<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Letter of Daniel Southwell April 1790<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Historical Records of New South Wales 1892 -
1901 Vol 1 pt. 2<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->S.M. Onslow (ed) Some early records of the
Macarthurs of Camden -Angus & Robertson, Sydney 1914<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Jones - Historical Records of New South Wales
Vol 2 pp.19 Wood - Historical Records of New South Wales Vol 2 pp.12<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Letter of 25 November 1926 to Mitchell Librarian
re Lieutenant W. Dawes from Colonial Secretary of Leeward Islands (West Indies)
Mitchell Library Sydney M.S.S.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->In Search of Dawes' Mount Twiss - Frank A. Craft
and R. Else Mitchell -Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society 1941<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Dawes' Meteorological Journal - Robert J. McAfee</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Department of Science and Technology -
Australian Government Publishing Service – 1981<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Originally Published by: Braemar 530A Committee, Local History Centre, Macquarie Road, SPRINGWOOD 2777<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Copyright (c) 1989: Lindsay Paish<br />
<br />
LINKS<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.therocks.com/william-dawes/" target="_blank">Dawes' portrait</a><br />
<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-230635598/view" target="_blank">Dawes' Map</a><br />
<a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/dawes-william-1968" target="_blank">Dawes, William (1762–1836) ADB </a><br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">"<a href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/108960863#" target="_blank">MOUNT TWISS CONTROVERSY</a>" </span><i style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">The Blue Mountain Echo (NSW : 1909 - 1928)</i><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">22 October 1926: 1. Web. 15 Aug 2017 <http: nla.gov.au="" nla.news-article108960863=""></http:></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><br /></span></div>
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Edited by John Merriman, Local Studies Librarian, 2017</div>
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Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-2509692333185087722017-05-02T12:09:00.004+10:002017-08-22T11:43:54.173+10:00George Sheppeard and Broughton’s Waterhole Toll Bar, Mt. Victoria<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKwuD-4LM8MXH-N-yaoXe0TRWGQQabxdhYpEKrM3nzHKGS14O6xaSmVTR07-lEOEx_4LkFAQAeqAAIujYcwBtQQF0jtFzSgIJeg8iHvyH0jYyztXuKitLJTNvpMGB6WxhfshInXaxrrqE/s1600/toll+bar+cotage+mj+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKwuD-4LM8MXH-N-yaoXe0TRWGQQabxdhYpEKrM3nzHKGS14O6xaSmVTR07-lEOEx_4LkFAQAeqAAIujYcwBtQQF0jtFzSgIJeg8iHvyH0jYyztXuKitLJTNvpMGB6WxhfshInXaxrrqE/s320/toll+bar+cotage+mj+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Present-day view of the Toll-bar cottage.<br />
Photo John Merriman - flickr.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
On 1862, on the morning of a late September day, two riders cantered through the township of Mount Victoria on their way to attend an auction in Hartley. As they approached the descent at Victoria Pass four men burst from the bush, their faces hidden beneath rough crepe masks. It was George Sheppheard the bushrangers were after. Their informants had led them to believe he would be passing with a large sum of money collected at the toll bar he leased on the Western Road.<br />
<br />
<div>
As it turned out it was not George Sheppheard, they captured but his eighteen year old son who told them that his father was, in fact, absent from the district. With their purpose now somewhat confused, the bushrangers succumbed to a greater need than money, released their prisoners, and withdrew to the pubs of Little Hartley.<br />
<br /></div>
<div>
The toll bar cottage of George Sheppheard survives in Mount Victoria today. It is one of the few remaining links with that period before the railway when the road was the centre of all activity, legal and illegal, and life on the Mountains was often harsh and remote from the embellishments of civilization.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2ky9vj-y-tGEZpD7oYrXml8n3F3fizaUPYvgA115NrUZB6wmy3as4H3sNpjfMcXejUTDhLjHGqdiPwbZmefb1hs6msWFgwT5tbzsobKNDZOEfgVdxlUCNSAz9U8K1mTftMobh7CFCPWs/s1600/map+1++w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2ky9vj-y-tGEZpD7oYrXml8n3F3fizaUPYvgA115NrUZB6wmy3as4H3sNpjfMcXejUTDhLjHGqdiPwbZmefb1hs6msWFgwT5tbzsobKNDZOEfgVdxlUCNSAz9U8K1mTftMobh7CFCPWs/s320/map+1++w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Map of One Tree Hill showing the Toll-bar cottage and <br />
George Sheppeard's original holdings c.1920s </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Officially known as the Broughton's Waterhole Toll Bar, it was one of a number set up along the Western Road following a proclamation of Governor Fitzroy in November 1848. As the country opened up, tolls became increasingly important as a revenue source for the development and maintenance of the major road systems. Tolls levied varied with the category of traffic, while the cost of a lease depended upon the site and the volume of traffic anticipated. In 1848 the lease at Broughton's Waterhole cost £360. By 1867 it had risen to £800.<br />
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<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">The toll charges in 1836 included:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">Sheep, pig or goat ¼ d - ½ d<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">Horned cattle 1 d <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">Horse 2 d <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">Cart and one horse 3 d <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">Carriage & pair 1/- <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">4 wheeled vehicle drawn by 4 horses 3/- <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">Double tolls on Sunday. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
At that time a 2kg loaf of bread cost 10d, a cabbage cost 1d, eggs were 2/- a dozen and ten pounds weight (4.5 kg) of potatoes cost the same as the toll for a carriage and pair, see note on currency below.<br />
<br />
George Sheppheard, it seems, held the lease at Broughton's Waterhole from 1852 until about 1866, while his friend, Thomas Ellison, did the same at 17 Mile Hollow, Linden, for roughly the same period. Both also built inns on land adjacent to their toll bars and tapped extra income from the passing traffic. The toll bar at Linden is long gone, demolished to make way for the railway in 1867, while the quiet, withdrawn position of the Broughton's Waterhole cottage today belies its active past. In those years when the gold fever drove thousands into the wilderness the small toll bar cottage played a central role in the bustling surge of life that moved along the Bathurst Road.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaobajSdhM8qhsqvCkcioEYxj6hZrurGROjH_ub6DuXeY7GkBi8BAKDTcFd9bqTp78ygpcZCdWwm0Xz6Al0TtsCIPsFtH_m0EsNG0ovDRfr0W2kUE2_jgH0HK8_mLFHpyBwH8m9Gf6e5s/s1600/img211+ed+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaobajSdhM8qhsqvCkcioEYxj6hZrurGROjH_ub6DuXeY7GkBi8BAKDTcFd9bqTp78ygpcZCdWwm0Xz6Al0TtsCIPsFtH_m0EsNG0ovDRfr0W2kUE2_jgH0HK8_mLFHpyBwH8m9Gf6e5s/s320/img211+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Welcome Inn and Toll-bar cottage, early 1900s<br />
Photo courtesy Macleay Museum </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
In 1862 Sheppeard built and became first licensee of the Toll-bar Inn, also known as the Old Welcome Inn, and had other business interests in the township including a general store, butchery and bakery. He was a farm labourer from Suffolk, born around 1811 and had arrived as a convict in the Colony of NSW in 1836, one of 399 convicts transported on the ship Moffatt; having been tried at Woodbridge Quarter Sessions and sentenced to seven years transportation for <a href="http://australianroyalty.net.au/individual.php?pid=I18402&ged=purnellmccord.ged">stealing</a> ten pigs and attempting to sell them at the local market where they were recognised by the owner.<br />
<br />
According to the convict records, George was of ruddy complexion and a big man for the time being 5’10” in height, and showing the scars on his face and knuckles that marked him as a man who could use his fists, but been caught by a lucky left jab – he had a ‘missing front tooth right side of upper jaw, scar on right eyebrow and the left side of upper lip, sandy whiskers, two scars back of forefinger of right hand and one on back of forefingers of left hand.’<br />
<br /></div>
<div>
George worked out his sentence on the government farm at Parramatta, the first farm to produce sufficient food to feed the penal colony. It had been established beside the river in 1788, where the richer soils had produced enough grain, livestock and other crops to save the settlement from starvation. Following Governor Phillip's establishment of the Governor's Domain in 1790 the area contained agricultural land, stockyards, lumber yards, and most significantly, the governor's residence and vice-regal offices. <br />
<br />
In December 1841 George Sheppeard married Caroline Victoria Whittle, daughter of Thomas and Victoria Whittle, she had arrived by the ship Queen Victoria in July 1841, and was described as a ‘native of London, domestic servant - plain cook and housemaid, age 28, very good health, Catholic, can read, under care of Surgeon Supt.’ This was a time when young women, usually servants or farm workers, were being actively recruited with low priced 'bounty' tickets to immigrate to NSW in an effort to supply labour and respectable servants, and to balance the ‘unhealthy’ male-female ratio. By 1833 male convicts accounted for 80 per cent of the recorded east Australian population. Among convicts the ratio of men to women was 8 to 1. <br />
<br />
Many of the young 'bounty' girls who arrived in Sydney and Melbourne found themselves in a miserable situation, with little but prostitution and crime to sustain them. This was not to be Caroline’s fate, she arrived in July and was married to George within five months. Louisa Ann Meredith wrote of the female convicts, ‘All are certain of marrying, if they please; proposals are plentiful’. <br />
<br />
After receiving his freedom in 1843 George was eager to take advantage of the many opportunities for a man with an eye to the main chance and the fists to back it up. George also leased the toll-bar at South Bowenfels. This was situated at what was called McGrath's Corner, near the junction of the main highway and the Lowther-Hampton-Oberon Road. This toll-bar was in existence from 1863 until 1872, when in response to falling income caused by the spread of the railways, many toll-bars were closed. John Delaney looked after this gate and in 1863 married George Sheppeard's eldest daughter Sarah Jane. <br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL4KXAyYPIqVif3nzvV4GMHmBNehVmad3JU62Bdc8UG1uFKEYM0MsL2W1xU7M_gwSwZgtb1iatzWZnEf1kORss8xPLAt8Am27YB6GNwNb3eqm4Y-CQtOMEy-MugKML-7sm_7TtaPDM970/s1600/Mtvic+horses+1951+ed.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL4KXAyYPIqVif3nzvV4GMHmBNehVmad3JU62Bdc8UG1uFKEYM0MsL2W1xU7M_gwSwZgtb1iatzWZnEf1kORss8xPLAt8Am27YB6GNwNb3eqm4Y-CQtOMEy-MugKML-7sm_7TtaPDM970/s320/Mtvic+horses+1951+ed.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The toll-bar cottage in 1951 during the Blue Mountains Crossings celebration<br />
Local Studies collection</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
George was a speculator and a lover of the turf, and at one time owned five race horses — Saunterer, Stella, Aristocrat, Partner and Doctor; the first named was a first-rater, and the mare Stella performed well in Sydney, while Aristocrat won a Sydney Cup.<br />
<br />
In 1868 George was declared bankrupt and the Inn was put up for auction:<br />
<div style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">JAMES T. RYAN has
received instructions from Mr. R. H. Sempill, the Official Assignee, to sell by
auction, on Wednesday, 8th. day of January next, at noon, on the premises,— The
" Old Welcome Inn," known as Shepherd's Tollbar, situated on the
Bathurst Road, near Mount Victoria, One tree Hill. The property consists of 40
acres, on which is erected some good substantial buildings. The present
tenant pays £60 per year, the tenancy terminating 24th November, 1868.With the
promises will be sold the right to receive over from the tenant a large
quantity of household furniture contained in the tap-room, dining-room, 6
bed-rooms, kitchen, wash-house, &c., particularized in a catalogue to be
seen at the Auction Room, which appears to contain every requisite for such an establishment.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">O</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 115%;">n
October 24, 1876 Sheppeard’s toll-bar was closed and the next year the
Government abolished all road tolls throughout the State. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuiluBqcc3vlK4n9QYQ-4-Lo44Yhl0fZvjqgdy4bxLPh3-X4q6WckWcs-nmKjnJBsp75KuIla8bSsVnm0qtxA19p4_suXlM7dd8djIX-4Cvm9Zs2bjIVG386S3wG7joERELdqqqYOKcVg/s1600/pf+671+f+1882+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuiluBqcc3vlK4n9QYQ-4-Lo44Yhl0fZvjqgdy4bxLPh3-X4q6WckWcs-nmKjnJBsp75KuIla8bSsVnm0qtxA19p4_suXlM7dd8djIX-4Cvm9Zs2bjIVG386S3wG7joERELdqqqYOKcVg/s320/pf+671+f+1882+.jpg" width="230" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Early 20th century map showing the footprint <br />
of the Toll-bar cottage and the Welcome Inn<br />
Local Studies collection</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">Sheppeard’s
toll-bar is mentioned in the recollections of Thomas Sutton, a well-known
business man in Lithgow, who as a youth had worked as a collector at various
toll-bars</span><span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">,
the first being at Newtown, Sydney, in 1856, when he was 14 years old. From
Newtown he went to the toll bat at Wentworth Falls, known as Weatherboard at
the time, and then to Randwick. The loneliness at Randwick got to the young man
and he returned to the Mountains by coach to work for Ryan and Dempsey, who had
a store, butchery and bakery at the fettlers’ camp on the construction of the
railway near Blackheath. After about 12 months there he got the job of
collector at Sheppeard's toll-bar, he wrote in his memoirs in 1914: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">While looking after this
bar, I was credited by the drivers as being the most attentive of all
toll-keepers on the mountains. I would hear the coach coming over a bit of
metalled road and would have my pants and slippers on, and out before they
reached the gate. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">In 1871 Thomas Sutton
married Amelia a daughter of George Sheppeard, they had five sons and a
daughter, their first son was named George.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">Little
is known about the building's functional life after 1868. It lay largely
forgotten as changes in the road route left it stranded awkwardly beyond the
main traffic flow, the dignity of its rich history withdrawing into gradual
dilapidation. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 115%;">In
early 1928 it was near derelict and the Shire Council had received complaints </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">regarding the ‘ruinous
and insanitary condition of the old Toll Bar at Mount Victoria’. And later in
the same year i</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 115%;">ts ownership was included in a foreclosure, a</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> letter
from the solicitors H. F. McFie and Co., received by the Shire Council, stated
that the liquidators had no objection to the demolition of the Toll Bar house
by Council 'so that the unsightly excrescence may be wiped out of sight, and
you are authorised to acquire the site upon which it is built.' <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">However at the same
meeting there was also a letter tabled from the Mt. Victoria Urban Committee
that shed some light on the continuing life of the building as a refuge for
itinerant workers and travellers on the Western Road, whether this continued
into the 1930s during the Great Depression we can only guess. </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">The committee requested
that Council procure for them the ‘Old Toll Bar’, and the land attached, at the
lowest possible figure. Council was informed that ‘at a later period the
committee intended to renovate the old historic structure and give the place
the necessary supervision, so as to avoid nuisances from swagmen, and we consider
this old landmark of great historical interest and well worthy of a visit from
tourists’. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">The council report stated that the Trustees of the Mount Victoria
Group reserves were joining up with the Urban Committee in the matter. It was
decided to let the Urban Committee take possession, at the nominal rental of
1/- per annum.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiqvDtv-RtZauuOFfvRFS_Ozphf7fNYPVEdfYwiz-UoRKE197YevGepYEtbt63ckFPzCqtTsFq5TtHQ9n7YQ6sPs4mxyxlM_OMfpWPhr7sQ1CIO6QnF6p6MhUB0jBFDKsCidT1fpLTauM/s1600/pf+22+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiqvDtv-RtZauuOFfvRFS_Ozphf7fNYPVEdfYwiz-UoRKE197YevGepYEtbt63ckFPzCqtTsFq5TtHQ9n7YQ6sPs4mxyxlM_OMfpWPhr7sQ1CIO6QnF6p6MhUB0jBFDKsCidT1fpLTauM/s320/pf+22+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Toll-bar cottage with unknown gent in front, c. 1930,<br />
photo by AA manning from the Local Studies collection</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">In
May 1930 the toll-bar was again under threat as shown by a letter to the Sydney Morning Herald from the Royal Australian Historical Society, stating that the Main Roads Board planned to demolish the cottage
for road widening, ‘the matter was receiving attention’, they were told. In 1935 legislation was passed for its
resumption and the Toll-Bar cottage passed into local government hands. In 1939
renovations were carried out by the Blue Mountains Shire Council at a cost of £180 funded by a
State Government grant. Efforts were made by the Blue Mountains Historical
Society to discover the date of building, without success. The renovations disclosed the date 1849 in a keystone over
the door. </span><span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">The
Shire president (Cr. Mathews) informed council that already there was a tenant
wishing to rent the property, as a tea room and gift store, with the intention
of selling curios, booklets and other historical articles.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 115%;">In
1950 a commemorative t</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">ablet was unveiled at a ceremony by the Mayor of the Blue
Mountains City Council, Ald. Galway, attended by Mr. E. Sheppeard, descendant
of George Sheppeard</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 115%;">.</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> In unveiling the tablet, Mr. E. J. McKenzie,
hon. research secretary, Lithgow District Historical Society, said the ceremony
was significant because of at least three things: Firstly, the tablet would
inform the public, on the authority of the Blue Mountains Historical Society,
that the quaint old building, which had stood on the roadside for more than 100
years, was built in 1849 to serve as a cottage for the toll-bar keeper at what
was then, known as Broughton's Waterhole.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">Second in significance
was the fact that, with them that afternoon, was a descendant of George
Sheppeard who so continuously leased the toll-bar that it became known as
"Sheppeard's Toll-bar." The ceremony was also significant, Mr.
McKenzie went on to say, because it was another instance of what historical
societies were doing in the country. Instead of writing letters to the press
bewailing the demolition or neglect of our historical relics, people who were
conscious of our Australian tradition found it better to band together and by
joint effort do the necessary things themselves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">In
1969 the toll-bar became a National Trust property and stories continued to circulate
in the township of it being haunted by the ghost of a woman.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">Despite
some abortive attempts at further renovation, it was not until local architect
Peter Buckwell took out a lease in the 1980s that renewed life and character
were breathed back into the ageing stone cottage. Appropriately restored, it
functioned as his firm’s business office until around 1990 and is currently
vacant. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US">Today the locality of
Broughton’s Waterhole has passed from living memory but George Sheppeard’s toll-bar
cottage still stands among the road works, the holiday traffic and thundering
trucks just off the busy highway in Mount Victoria. It is one of the few
remaining links with that period before the railway when the road was the
centre of all activity, legal and illegal, and life on the Mountains was often
harsh and remote from the embellishments of civilization.</span><br />
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US">*****</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US">John Merriman, Local Studies Librarian <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 115%;">Note
on pre-decimal currency: ‘d’ was the abbreviation for a penny, a quarter of a
penny (¼d) was called a farthing, a half penny (½d) was called a ha’penny. There
were 12 pence (12d) to a shilling (1/-) and 20 shillings (20/-) to the pound
(£1/0/0). T</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">he
‘d’ coming for the Latin word <i>denarii</i> (sing. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denarius" title="Denarius">denarius</a></i>,
a common coin in Roman Britain). At time of decimalisation in 1966 £1 became
$2. However £1 in the mid-19<sup>th</sup> century may
be multiplied by 120 to roughly equate to the present value. <a href="http://www.thomblake.com.au/secondary/hisdata/calculate.php">http://www.thomblake.com.au/secondary/hisdata/calculate.php</a> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">REFERENCES<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">'Broughton’s
Waterhole toll Bar Cottage', in 'Historic Blue Mountains', John Low, 1987. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">State
Heritage Listing - <a href="http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=1170293">http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=1170293</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">TOLL BARS (1933, October
26). <i>The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers Advocate (Parramatta, NSW :
1888 - 1950)</i>, p. 3 ("Back=to=Parramatta" Week Supplement to The
Cumberland Argus). Retrieved March 14, 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">TOLL BAR HISTORY (1950,
December 29). <i>Lithgow Mercury (NSW : 1898 - 1954)</i>, p. 4 (CITY
EDITION). Retrieved March 14, 2017, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219753237">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219753237</a><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">Toll Bars. (1913, May
14). The Bathurst Times (NSW : 1909 - 1925), p. 2. Retrieved March 14, 2017,
from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article111214859">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article111214859</a><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">"OLD TOLL-BAR
HOUSE" <i>The Katoomba Daily (NSW : 1920 - 1939)</i> 25 June
1938: 3. Web. 3 Apr 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190115283">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190115283</a><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">"OLD TOLL
BAR" <i>The Blue Mountain Echo (NSW : 1909 - 1928)</i> 17
February 1928: 5. Web. 3 Apr 2017 <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108955898">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108955898</a><span lang="EN-US"> </span>Tablet Unveiled At Mt. Victoria Toll Bar Home (1950,
December 19). <i>Lithgow Mercury (NSW : 1898 - 1954)</i>, p. 3. Retrieved
March 14, 2017, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219751802">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219751802</a><span lang="EN-US"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 115%;">JAMES T. RYAN has received
instructions from Mr. R. H. Sempill, the Official Assignee, to sell by auction,
on (1868, December 18). <i>New South Wales Government Gazette (Sydney, NSW
: 1832 - 1900)</i>, p. 4561. Retrieved April 3, 2017, from <a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article225581659">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article225581659</a>
<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
See also Gov. Macquarie's original proclamation in its glorious Georgian English and even do some text correcting -<br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">"<a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article628215" target="_blank">Proclamation</a>, By His Excellency LACHLAN MACQUARIE, Esquire, Captain General, Governor and Commander in Chief in and over His Majesty's Territory of New South Wales and its Dependencies, &c. &c. &c." </span><i style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842)</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> 30 March 1811: 2. Web. 3 May 2017 <http: nla.gov.au="" nla.news-article628215=""> </http:></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><http: nla.gov.au="" nla.news-article628215=""><br /></http:></span></div>
</div>
Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-4098251349317591902016-12-14T15:53:00.005+11:002022-10-19T14:54:14.889+11:00"Braemar" Springwood 1882-2016<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 8.4pt; text-align: center;">
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">BEGINNINGS<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The
story of "Braemar" begins in Scotland, on the southern edge of the
Firth of Clyde where the industrial seaport town of Greenock lies in the shadow
of the Ayreshire Hills. It was here, in the birthplace of the legendary pirate
Captain William Kidd and the pioneer inventor of the steam engine James Watt,
that the man who built Braemar, James Hunter Lawson, came into the world on 22
April, 1836.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">While
little is known of the childhood and youth of the young James Hunter Lawson, by
the time he was nineteen and about to embark upon the long journey to Australia
he had acquired the trade of a cabinet-maker. These skills were to benefit him
in the years ahead but, on arrival in Sydney in 1855, he apparently decided to
try his hand at other work. In the first five years of his residence in
Australia the number of cabinet-makers operating in Sydney declined
substantially and this restriction of employment opportunities may have
influenced his decision to apply for a hotel licence in 1858. By this time,
too, he was married with a wife and baby daughter to support.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Emma
Glen, whom he married at St. Andrews Cathedral in Sydney on 27 November, was
twenty years of age, the eldest daughter of Robert Glen a resident of Pyrmont
and an engineer with the Hunter River Steamship Company. James and Emma's first
child, also named Emma, was born in the year he became licensee of the Royal
Oak Hotel on the corner of Union and Pyrmont Streets, Pyrmont.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Braemar plans, 1892</td></tr>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">THE FURNITURE BUSINESS</span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In
1860, when the Lawson's second child James Robert was born, the family was
still resident at the Royal Oak. Sometime in the next five years, however,
James Hunter Lawson made a decisive career move that saw him return to the
furniture business. By 1865 he was in partnership with George Cadell, running a
furniture warehouse at 245 George Street, Sydney. His residential address had
also changed to 49 Mill Street, Pyrmont.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Over
the next fifteen years the business changed location several times (from George
Street to Jamieson Street and back to George Street), a couple of partnerships
came and went, and the family moved to Queen Street, Newtown. In 1882 James
Hunter, well established now in the furniture trade in Sydney, returned to
Britain where business and the investigation of overseas trends no doubt took
an equal place in his preoccupations with renewal of family ties. On his return
to Sydney his business entered upon a period of expansion.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In
the <u>Sand's Directory</u> for 1884 the listing reads for the first time as -
"Lawson, James and Sons, Cabinet-Makers, Art Furniture Manufacturers and
Carpet Warehousemen". The business incorporated both a furniture warehouse
on the corner of William Street and Hyde Park and a large modern factory in
Newtown where, according to <u>Men of Mark</u> published in 1888, "a large
percentage of the goods are manufactured" using "all the modern
appliances of the trade".</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Lawson's sons, when they reached
maturity, were 'conscripted' and given training to fit them for specialised
positions within the business. James Robert became a cabinet-maker; William
drew designs; Alfred french polished; and Ernest kept the books. The eldest,
James Robert, eventually decided that cabinet-making was not the career he
wished to pursue and, with his father's blessing and assistance, set up in the
auctioneering business in the mid-1880s. The firm he established eventually
evolved into the highly respected company of James R. Lawson Pty., Ltd.,
Valuers, Fine Art, General and Industrial Auctioneers, probably the best known
business of its type in Sydney.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">James Hunter Lawson in 1922</td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">SPRINGWOOD</span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">With his increasing prosperity James
Hunter Lawson, like many successful Sydney businessmen during the last half of
the nineteenth century, cast his eyes westward to the Blue Mountains and
thought seriously of investing in Mountain real estate and building a Mountain
retreat. Sydney summers were hot and humid and the air often heavy with potent
smells, thought to be disease carrying and unhygienic. The Mountains, on the
other hand, stated The Railway Guide of New South Wales in 1886, were "the
breezy highlands" where Sydney's citizens could seek "the
re-invigoration of mountain air and the refined pleasure afforded by the
contemplation of beautiful scenery." For James Hunter Lawson, Springwood
in the lower Blue Mountains became the object of his interest.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Coo-ee March in Macquarie Rd springwood, 1915</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Seventy-five years earlier, Springwood
had been the site of Governor Macquarie's first camp on the Mountains during
his tour to the west along the new road only recently completed by William Cox
and his convict workmen. Macquarie’s Journal records that, at 3 o'clock on the
26 April, 1815, the party halted and pitched their tents "in a very pretty
wooded plain near a spring of very good fresh water ... the place being very
pretty I have named it Spring-Wood." The following year a military depot
was established there to guard the </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">road and supervise
traffic and for almost thirty years the protection it offered attracted
numerous travellers, making Springwood one of the popular resting spots on the
journey over the Mountains.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In
1845, after the military had departed, Thomas Boland built the Springwood Inn
and continued Springwood's role as a traveller's oasis. During the gold rush
period thousands passed through Springwood on their way to the Turon fields and
at night Boland's Inn would become the centre of a large and animated
encampment.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Emma Lawson in 1922</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">When
the railway was opened to the Weatherboard (Wentworth Falls) in 1867 the
stimulus was provided for residential settlement. In the following decades the
speed, comfort and reliability provided by trains encouraged many of the
affluent members of Sydney's ruling class to purchase land and build country
retreats in the Blue Mountains. The Springwood area, in particular, became a
popular choice: Sir Henry Parkes established "Stonehurst" as his
country home in 1877 and several years later built “Faulconbridge House”; the
Hon. Charles Moore MLC MLA erected "Moorecourt", later used by the
Springwood Ladies College, in 1876; the Hon. John Frazer MLA engaged Varney
Parkes to design his residence "Silva Plana" in 1881; and the Hon.
James Norton MLC built "Euchora" in 1884.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Not
all new residents were wealthy, however. In the 1870s a large number of railway
workers responsible for maintaining the western line boosted the area's total
population and helped provide the stimulus toward the early introduction of
postal, education, police and various business enterprises. Centered at
Springwood, these made the town a focal point of the district.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The
1880s saw Springwood, with a population somewhere in the vicinity of two to
three hundred, renowned for its rural charm and equable climate. Its scenic
attractions - Sassafras or Flying Fox Gully, Madeline Glen, Fairy Dell -
obtained regular promotion in the popular railway tourist guides of the day. A
writer in <u>The Illustrated Sydney News,</u> 3 October 1889, contrasted
"the illimitable grandeur of Katoomba" with "the smiling
serenity of Springwood" and described the town in the following terms:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">"One's
first impressions of Springwood are exceedingly pleasant, and we can honestly
state that subsequent explorations only serve to confirm them. Pausing at the
station, which, by the way, is one of the prettiest upon the line, and quite in
harmony with its surroundings, one's eye rests upon a road of a warm red colour
and sidewalks shaded with the dense blue-grey foliage of turpentine trees, the
scene flanked at each side with cosy buildings of wood and stone. Even the police
station exhibits a display of taste, and everything seems in harmony. Up the
road, on the left, is a substantial schoolhouse, from the windows of which
issue the sweet sounds of many voices, fresh young tones, that speak of happy
homes and healthy climate, a fact still better attested by the blooming cheeks
of the youngsters who are romping in the playground.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">To
the right from the station runs a road faced by a few cottages; in the middle
distance the pretty villa belonging to Mrs Hoare, set in the midst of garden
and greensward, and, further still, a background of forest trees, between which
one obtains glimpses of blue mountains."<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Oriental Hotel</td></tr>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">HOTEL BUSINESS</span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">This,
then, was Springwood at the
time James Hunter Lawson purchased sixty acres of land there at the end of the
1880s. His property extended from Raymond Road to the vicinity of the present
De Chair Avenue and included the Springwood Hotel built in 1877 by Frank
Raymond.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Lawson
was back in the hotel business and soon began major rebuilding and renovation
work which saw the old hotel undergo a complete face-lift. In the <u>Nepean
Times,</u> 22 March, 1890, we read that: "The Springwood Hotel
improvements are getting pushed along -the enterprising owner is determined to
have plenty of cellar room -twenty feet by twenty and about eight feet
high."<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Then,
three weeks later: "The Springwood Hotel is progressing fast towards
completion, and will be a feature in our village, and an attraction for the
tourist or searcher for health. Mr Lawson, the proprietor, being in the trade,
is going to show us how an hotel ought to be furnished for comfort and
ease." The hotel was reopened at the end of January 1891 as the Oriental
Hotel - "the most complete in the district."<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">BUILDING BEGINS<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">No
sooner had Lawson transformed the Springwood Hotel into the Oriental than he
continued to stamp his presence upon the township of Springwood by turning his
attention to another project. "He is now carting bricks to the orchard
adjoining the hotel", reported the <u>Nepean Times,</u> "where he
intends erecting a fine cottage forthwith." This cottage was to be
"Braemar" and was completed later that same year.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">"Braemar" soon after construction. The Lawson family group includes: J.H. Lawson near fence; Alfred Lawson holding horse; Emma Lawson, her daughter Flora and grandchildren Ethel, Emma and Ernest in the buggy (Photograph courtesy of Blue Mountains City Library)</td></tr>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">It
is not certain how long James and Emma Lawson occupied "Braemar “but it
does not appear to have been for more than a few years. Their grandson, W. G.
Lawson, in a letter to the Blue Mountains City Library's Chief Librarian in
1975, remembered that it was "only for a very short period." The
couple eventually built "Glen Lawson", next door to
"Braemar", which became their home until their deaths in 1926. Just
when "Glen Lawson" was erected is also uncertain, though by 1895 when
a Presbyterian service attended by some seventy people was held on the verandah
of "Braemar" the tenant of "Braemar" was reported to be
"Mrs. Urquhart", James and Emma's daughter.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCA0M_nlL_n-h0WGWM8uUln1ketQhmZNvJzcSqzsURePY3xRxGVR28ssKAFDy2mXsjtJtbPLddwth-vG_VWMwQ6UlZmRKi4rgYJprbUvhfTDp2rAA9_N1zv0C48-cml5Y8cdkkoCEVCk8/s1600/pf3109+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCA0M_nlL_n-h0WGWM8uUln1ketQhmZNvJzcSqzsURePY3xRxGVR28ssKAFDy2mXsjtJtbPLddwth-vG_VWMwQ6UlZmRKi4rgYJprbUvhfTDp2rAA9_N1zv0C48-cml5Y8cdkkoCEVCk8/s320/pf3109+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Glen Lawson, Braemar, the Oriental Hotel</td></tr>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">EXPANSION</span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">If
"Glen Lawson" wasn't already in existence by this time the Lawsons
may have lived for a time elsewhere in Springwood for, during the 1890s, the
family was purchasing and building extensively in the town. In October, 1893,
for example, James Hunter Lawson was reported as purchasing "the cottage
near Brady's gatehouse, recently erected and occupied by Mr. Joseph
Chapman". That same month his son, William, was living in a cottage at
Faulconbridge and "has commenced the erection of a neat little cottage
next to the railway crossing gate near "Chatsworth". William built
again later in the decade: the arrival of building material at Springwood
Railway Station and then the completion of a cottage was noted in the press.
This was probably "The Knoll", several properties down the Bathurst
Road from "Braemar", where William and his wife Isobel lived until
they moved into "Glen Lawson" after his parent's death. On the eve of
his departure for Europe in May 1900, James Hunter Lawson was praised for
having contributed to the progress of Springwood "by erecting substantial
buildings that would be a credit to any district". </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXikQxl7n1h7dWZicP9Faws7yzpCWVl3N03hyphenhyphen1sIykejtl2rcHCi41mfygjTifZRAzP1_D6cE6i0_DYbfzY6Ik-VggdOit9jxX_w6eRHC0wgLYC0M4vDE2oo_A_-7_sDYvrTUCytWp1qc/s1600/pf+896+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXikQxl7n1h7dWZicP9Faws7yzpCWVl3N03hyphenhyphen1sIykejtl2rcHCi41mfygjTifZRAzP1_D6cE6i0_DYbfzY6Ik-VggdOit9jxX_w6eRHC0wgLYC0M4vDE2oo_A_-7_sDYvrTUCytWp1qc/s320/pf+896+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">James Hunter Lawson with Ernest and Ethel Urquhart at the entrance to "Braemar" (Photograph courtesy of Miss S. E. Lawson)</td></tr>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">CONVALESCENT HOSPITAL<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">By
1897 "Braemar" was being occupied by Nurse Lonie Treble, a friend of
the Lawson family, who conducted a convalescent hospital on the premises. This
venture was short-lived, however, and when Nurse Treble's sister, who had come
up to Springwood in late March 1897 suffering from consumption, died of the disease. Nurse
Treble returned to Sydney to live. In May 1897 James' and Emma's son William
and his wife occupied "Braemar" while on their honeymoon.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiL2tjxnEQIIJMysOrTESmwnnjMfM_U5AGoBuF1V2TOmRuHdHOxrEqMxvo6-U7MXuxFfI_i-aVntBTxx35aKHgTnbqMKNYJ5Uej9Ltc-HA8yp_COFzzIHiNBy7VARA5AekCe4o_iEsZ1w/s1600/miss+louie+treble+ps2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiL2tjxnEQIIJMysOrTESmwnnjMfM_U5AGoBuF1V2TOmRuHdHOxrEqMxvo6-U7MXuxFfI_i-aVntBTxx35aKHgTnbqMKNYJ5Uej9Ltc-HA8yp_COFzzIHiNBy7VARA5AekCe4o_iEsZ1w/s320/miss+louie+treble+ps2.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Nurse Louie Treble</td></tr>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">THE GARRETTS<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">With
the departure of Nurse Treble, the next tenants of "Braemar" appear
to have been Thomas William Garrett and his family. Garrett was a solicitor who
became Registrar of Probates in 1890 and Public Trustee in 1914. He was best
known, however, as a cricketer who played with distinction for Australia and
New South Wales.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsunjmpxdwIyTlf_44HtwhznZ_gzs59_Yxc4i2_kTcHfe1rnYWkbx8CpGiTACgs8Dzmf3QWKeg9rYaOO09ltL_9M0KPQD7k8Ore3RgD-61Na1CsUz_rQLh3c4y5FaJrl6EPOq2_rziuD4/s1600/Tom_Garrett_1937.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsunjmpxdwIyTlf_44HtwhznZ_gzs59_Yxc4i2_kTcHfe1rnYWkbx8CpGiTACgs8Dzmf3QWKeg9rYaOO09ltL_9M0KPQD7k8Ore3RgD-61Na1CsUz_rQLh3c4y5FaJrl6EPOq2_rziuD4/s320/Tom_Garrett_1937.jpg" width="233" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tom Garrett in 1936<br />
Photo courtesy Wikimedia<br />
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Garrett" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;" target="_blank">T.W. Garrett </a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">was born on 26 July, 1858, in Wollongong, the son of politician and
newspaper proprietor Thomas Garrett and his first wife Mary Creagan. At the age
of eighteen years Garrett was chosen to play for Australia in Melbourne in 1877
against James Lillywhite's team of professionals, a match that has come to be
considered the first Test against England. He toured England three times - in 1878,
1882 and 1886 - and represented Australia in seven Test series at home. On the
1882 tour he played in the famous match at The Oval when Australia defeated
England for the first time on English soil, provoking </span><u style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">The Sporting Times</u><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">
to report in its next issue the death of English cricket. "The body",
it declared, "will be cremated and the ashes taken to Australia."</span></div>
</div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Overall,
Garrett appeared in nineteen Test matches, scoring 339 runs (highest score 51)
and taking 36 wickets. Bearded, tall and lean, Garrett was primarily recognised
as a right-arm, slightly more than medium pace bowler with an ability to swing
the ball either way. Playing for New South Wales he proved a shrewd and
successful captain who also achieved with the bat. In 1897, aged thirty-eight,
he knocked up 131 runs against a South Australian team that included the
champion fast bowler Ernest Jones.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">T.W.
Garrett, his wife Helen (they were married on 25 March, 1879) and their family
of three girls and four boys probably arrived in Springwood in the first half
of 1898. In August of that year the <u>Nepean Times </u>records that he was
elected a Vice-President(he later served as President) of the Springwood
Cricket Club, the first mention of the Garrett name in the local press.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">With
the exception of about twelve months, between May 1902 and April 1903, the
family resided in Springwood for over ten years. It is, however, uncertain how
much of this time was spent as tenants of "Braemar", though by 1908
they had clearly moved to the western end of the town. An advertisement in the <u>Nepean
Times</u> concerning the new subdivision of Springwood Heights Estate notes
that this land is located "between the residence of J.F. Hoare, Esq., and
Thos. Garrett, Esq., and situate opposite Moore Court and the Church of England".<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">During
their time in Springwood the Garrett's involved themselves in the community,
the Garrett name appearing regularly in the Springwood news columns of the <u>Nepean
Times.</u> Father and sons were active participants in the local cricket,
football and golf clubs. In 1909-10 when Springwood Cricket Club won the Nepean
District premiership three of the Garrett brothers were in the team, one of
them holding the captaincy.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Mother
and daughters, too, were reported in various capacities at fetes organised by
such bodies as Christ Church of England and Springwood Ladies College. T. W.
Garrett also acted as honorary auditor for a number of local organisations
including the Church of England, the Progress Association and the School of
Arts.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">While
it is unclear exactly when the family left Springwood it was possibly some time
in 1912, for the Garrett name does not appear in the local electorate on the
1913 Commonwealth Electoral Roll. Thomas William Garrett died at Warrawee in
Sydney, aged eighty-five, on 6 August, 1943. Tom Garrett's great-grandson is the Midnight Oil lead singer, former Australian federal politician and government minister, Peter Garrett. </span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Who
followed the Garrett's as tenants of "Braemar" is something of a
mystery. In a letter to the Blue Mountains City Library's Chief Librarian in
1975 James Hunter Lawson's grandson, William, says it was "a Jewish family
by name of Cohen" who "were there quite a time." Despite this, no reference to the Cohens can be
found in either the local newspapers or the electoral rolls available for the
first decade of the twentieth century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In
1908, however, the NSW Government Tourist Bureau's <u>Hotel and Boarding House
Directory</u> listed Braemar as a boarding house under the proprietorship of
Mrs. Mulvey. Braemar, the directory recorded, could accommodate twelve guests
at a charge per person of seven shillings a day or two guineas a week. Who Mrs.
Mulvey was and how long she remained in Springwood is not known.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgesO0zu3YhRLE2eKWacEV_BuRBVA18ycVQHt2wRzr-8DH7HSAk4hSxBIYqK25gTYQNkX9KZMtY9FvrwfmGkZYaM3DxD_h1UlDvzN_ReNpVMoyD0kbJbKghCEVtpNl8E3qmmbeXk0_L4_U/s1600/spr+042+copy+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgesO0zu3YhRLE2eKWacEV_BuRBVA18ycVQHt2wRzr-8DH7HSAk4hSxBIYqK25gTYQNkX9KZMtY9FvrwfmGkZYaM3DxD_h1UlDvzN_ReNpVMoyD0kbJbKghCEVtpNl8E3qmmbeXk0_L4_U/s320/spr+042+copy+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A canary in the front door panel</td></tr>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">DR O'FLANAGAN</span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The
next resident of whom we can be certain was Dr Andrew Joseph O'Flanagan who
occupied "Braemar" between 1918 and 1923. This was during the period
of the great influenza pandemic. As well as using the house as a residence for
himself, his wife and two daughters it also became his surgery and dispensary. And,
he employed a housekeeper, Mrs. Ruby Miller, who lived in with her own daughter
and did all the cooking and housework. Mrs. Miller, now in her nineties,
recalls Dr. O'Flanagan doing his rounds in a horse and sulky equipped with a
hurricane lamp.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The
doctor, apparently, was also wary of dogs. Alfred Sully of Faulconbridge, a
schoolboy at the time, remembers a house call to his family. On arrival the
doctor stood at the back fence and enquired: "Have you got any dogs?"
When young Alfred replied from the doorway, "No, no dogs doctor", he
entered with the comment, "Sensible boy, sensible boy". Mr. Sully
also recalls him carrying a small pistol in his bag which, he thinks, was used
to scare off any canine advances.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">GUEST HOUSE<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Following
Dr. O'Flanagan's death, on 3 January, 1923, "Braemar" was converted
once again to the role it had been introduced to by Mrs. Mulvey prior to World War
1. For the next four decades, with the possible exception of some brief
periods, it functioned primarily as a boarding or guesthouse under a number of
proprietors. The three we are aware of were:</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">1924
- 1926 Marjory and Bert Gillman. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">1931
- 1938 Nancy and David Ireland. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1941
- c 1968 Alma and Lionel Platt.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6x8NDvZ8PZ8jCv0IqRNEcI0rimfClxT2dlT-dcrwcH6E8zXYIh5VuXydk9BcVK-yIp2DWm82YUs-__DotCFFC8o8JrsOI6GmK6HvKqeovtnvXSEI0sWpvvSeGIiMy9iAgsDPB1RuA4V8/s1600/pf+4061+ed+w+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6x8NDvZ8PZ8jCv0IqRNEcI0rimfClxT2dlT-dcrwcH6E8zXYIh5VuXydk9BcVK-yIp2DWm82YUs-__DotCFFC8o8JrsOI6GmK6HvKqeovtnvXSEI0sWpvvSeGIiMy9iAgsDPB1RuA4V8/s320/pf+4061+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal">
"Braemar" c. 1924. Mrs Gillman is the lady in
white standing at the extreme left. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 9.1pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Bert
Gillman was a builder who operated in the early 1920s from Valley Heights and
then removed to Robertson, near Moss Vale, for a short period. It wasn't long,
however, before he and his family returned to Springwood where they took over
"Braemar" after Dr O'Flanagan's death and began running it as a
guesthouse. It is interesting that Mrs. Gillman had known Dr O'Flanagan and,
because of her experience as a bush nurse, had accompanied him at times on his
rounds to assist with deliveries.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 6pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Mrs.
Gillman's two daughters, Marjory and Bessie, now in their late seventies,
remember the house being full of antique furniture, with velvet curtains in the
hall and lounge room. A pedestal light in the hallway, known as the 'Pink
Lady', and a beautiful painted ceiling in one of the rooms - pools of water
with lilies, storks and ducks - particularly took their fancy. They were
disappointed when they came back in later years and found the painted ceiling
gone.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 6pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 2.65pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Staff
consisted of Mrs Smith, the housekeeper, two girls, Ruby and Violet, who
cleaned the rooms and waited on tables, and a yardman who cared for the animals
and the grounds. Mr and Mrs Gillman did most of the cooking, Mr Gillman being a
particularly dab hand at certain dishes. Some guests were known to return
because of his cooking. Bessie, the eldest daughter, would also wait on tables
if one of the regular girls was sick.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 2.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The
guests were entertained with musical evenings and euchre parties and there was
even a miniature golf course of nine holes, erected one year with the help of
some of the guests on the paddock between the house and the Oriental Hotel. Bushwalking
into Sassafras Gully was also a regular activity.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">One
guest, an elderly lady whose name was Miss Lewis, was a permanent resident the
whole time the Gillmans were at "Braemar". When they moved on to
Manly in 1926 she went with them. Miss Lewis was very superstitious and Marjory
Gillman, the younger daughter, recalls how she was sometimes required to make
up the numbers at dinner time if the official guests seated at the dining table
ever totaled thirteen.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 62.15pt; margin-right: 43.2pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 43.2pt 0cm 62.15pt;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 52.8pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">It
was while the Gillmans were in residence that James Hunter Lawson and his wife
Emma both died, within twenty-four hours of each other, in "Glen
Lawson" next door. After a period of gradually declining health James
Hunter passed away on Friday 23 April, 1926. It was his ninetieth year. "Mrs
Lawson", reported the <u>Daily Guardian,</u> in Sydney, "seemed at
first to bear the shock very well in the circumstances, and appeared to be in
fair health when two of her sons left Springwood by the 7a.m. train on
Saturday. Her other son intended leaving an hour later; but in the interim his
mother died suddenly." The couple were buried together at Rookwood
Cemetery.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">THE
IRELANDS<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">During
the years of the Great Depression "Braemar" was operated as a
guesthouse by Nancy and David Ireland. Mrs Ireland was born Nancy Gardener in
Airdrie, Lanarkshire, Scotland, in 1901. In Springwood she was involved for many
years with the Presbyterian Ladies Guild. Her husband David died in 1980 and
his ashes are in the Columbarium at Springwood Cemetery. His father Charles,
who died in 1931, is buried also in Springwood Cemetery.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 123.85pt; margin-right: 101.05pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 101.05pt 0cm 123.85pt; text-align: center;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8qxnN7O6Q4w8u12z03dQreMPuRkgBZ0Ank2NOOzCwgUrNAxgR3aUVYQaokqFhgma6vN9O1Qt0s9iRZMDT3oyIKSEVjvZW8bdAiLQkn-rNnN6TfXOWldmZnQJEUQ2qq4kYEJzF8jFiv0w/s1600/pf+3091+4+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8qxnN7O6Q4w8u12z03dQreMPuRkgBZ0Ank2NOOzCwgUrNAxgR3aUVYQaokqFhgma6vN9O1Qt0s9iRZMDT3oyIKSEVjvZW8bdAiLQkn-rNnN6TfXOWldmZnQJEUQ2qq4kYEJzF8jFiv0w/s320/pf+3091+4+ed+.jpg" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Enjoying the sun on the verandah of "Braemar" 1930s (Photograph courtesy of Mrs Nancy Ireland)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 123.85pt; margin-right: 101.05pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 101.05pt 0cm 123.85pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">THE PLATTS<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">By
the time Lionel and Alma Platt and their two year old daughter Pam arrived from
the Sydney suburb of Kirribilli in the early 1940s, a guesthouse tradition was
well established at "Braemar". However, Mr Platt, who suffered from
asthma, and his wife originally had no intention of carrying on this tradition.
They wanted simply to lease the house as a private residence, at least until
the war was over. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">On
their arrival though they were faced with an unforeseen circumstance that
changed everything. The two men who had previously been proprietors of
"Braemar" and had left at short notice had not left the house empty. The
Platts, to their surprise, found about eight guests waiting for them on the
verandah. After some intense negotiation and the intervention of the local
policeman the abandoned boarders were allowed to stay, at least temporarily.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Mrs
Platt takes up the story: "There two lovely old ladies. They came from the
back parts, the Pilliga scrub. In those days there were only two trains ...
anyway they couldn't get a train till the following Monday ... they asked could
they stay and I said yes. ‘Look', said one of them, 'this place is a little
gold mine. Why don't you open it up as a guesthouse?".<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Despite
Mrs Platt's protests that she had no experience, the lady continued: "All
you do is get a housemaid, a waitress and a cook ... your husband can stay at
home and help you ... you'll make a fortune if you do. I'll show you how."
After a month helping the Platts organise themselves and find staff the two
ladies returned to the Pilliga scrub, leaving Mr & Mrs Platt as proprietors
of "Braemar Guesthouse" for almost the next thirty years. In the late
1940's they even purchased the property from William Lawson who had inherited it
on his father's death in 1926.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The
Platts found, like the Gillmans before them, they were never short of guests. "Running
a guesthouse", recalls Mrs Platt, "was a seven day a week job!" Heavy
advertising was unnecessary and during the school holidays "Braemar"
was always booked out. "They were just like family, just like friends
coming back for holidays."</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Bushwalks
into Sassafras Gully for afternoon tea, dances on the well-kept verandah, and
children's concerts where the adults were charged two shillings and the money
used to buy lollies for the children in the Salvation Army Home over the
railway line, were among the popular activities that kept the guests
entertained.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The
Platts, too, attracted their own permanent, slightly eccentric, guest. Captain
Howell, an old sea captain, resided at "Braemar" for some seven or
eight years before his death. To the consternation of some, his favourite
pastime was to 'liven up' any other elderly residents.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 1.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 1.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Children
were specially catered for under the Platts. During the school holidays
preference was always given to guests with children. It was not unusual for Mrs
Platt to ask a regular guest to postpone their visit until school went back. When
guests went bushwalking children under five, who were not permitted to go, were
always given a special party instead. But not all the children who came to
"Braemar" were well behaved. Mrs Platt relates a story about a lovely
inlaid table she kept in the guest's lounge room: "One child, a doctor's
daughter, oh she was a big child for her age and they used to call her 'Mony'
for 'Monster'. A lady came out to me and she was almost in tears and she said, 'Mrs
Platt, I can't stand it any longer.' I asked her, 'What is wrong, what has made
you so upset?' She replied, 'That little girl in there, her mother and father
are sitting there and they are reading the paper and this little hussy has got
a pin, a bobby pin and she's picking all your inlay out of that table.' When I
went in all the inlay was out of it and I couldn't find even the bits to stick
it back. Oh, they were very upset. They wanted to take it down to Sydney and
get it fixed up, but I thought no, a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush,
I'd better keep it. So I kept it and there it is still."<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 1.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.95pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Towards
the end of their time at "Braemar" the Platts closed the guesthouse
down for a couple of years, using it as a private residence. They then sold it (c.1971)
to local real estate agent Charles H. Degotardi. For a time Mr Degotardi,
operating as Tropic Gardens Pty. Ltd., considered some major guesthouse
additions to "Braemar" but these plans were later shelved.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.95pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">BLUE MOUNTAINS CITY LIBRARY <o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">It
was at this point that the history of "Braemar" changed dramatically.
In 1974 the house was acquired by the Blue Mountains City Council with Federal
Government funds provided through the Australian Assistance Program, an
initiative of the Whitlam Government, designed to encourage and assist the
preservation of the nation's heritage.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Almost
immediately "Braemar" was used to house the newly established Blue
Mountains City Library, the idea being that it would fulfill this role
temporarily until the planned Library Headquarters building was constructed in
the grounds behind it. The construction of the new library during the next two
years necessitated the demolition of the detached weatherboard and iron section
at the rear of the house that had housed the kitchen, scullery and servants’
quarters; and the original water well on the eastern side was covered over.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The
new library building was completed in 1976 and, after the City Librarian had
moved the growing collection of books into its new premises, the Council's
Electricity Department took up residence in Braemar until 1980. In this year
the supply of electricity to the Blue Mountains was taken over by Prospect
County Council and this body continued to operate from Braemar, leasing the
building from the City Council. In 1984 new premises in Springwood Avenue
became available and Prospect County Council vacated "Braemar", leaving
the way open for a reconsideration of the role the building might play in the
community life of Springwood.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Ever
since the Blue Mountains City Council acquired the property there had been
strong argument in favour of "Braemar" being used for community
rather than commercial purposes. Its initial use as the library headquarters
reflected this opinion and it was again brought to the fore when the library
re-occupied the building in 1984.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Throughout
the 1970's, too, there was considerable interest shown in "Braemar"
by the Springwood Historical Society who felt that a role as a local history
centre would be appropriate. In 1975 Springwood Historical Society wrote to the
first City Librarian requesting "that favourable consideration be given to
providing space in 'Braemar for use by the Society for storing its collection
of books, historic documents etc."<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Though
nothing came of this immediately, the idea that "Braemar" should
house a local history collection was again raised in 1981, this time by the
next City Librarian himself, when the employment of a specialist librarian was
being considered. A Local Studies Librarian was appointed early in 1982 and,
when the library moved into "Braemar" in 1984, two rooms were
occupied by the new Local Studies Collection.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">At
the same time, a great deal of interest was being shown by local artists in the
idea of establishing an art gallery as part of the new function of
"Braemar" and much discussion ensued. Dual use of the old building by
both the historical and artistic communities began to be seen as a feasible
proposition.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCrD7q7JWCATqGI3szSLeVtCDSc9x6LEJ16bqAR90L1BIrsA1Y0Fo8JfFyx9r4_8XNHtx2WP-XwnLICNgs8brR52QK1L30c3B0FLxR472ps3Lx-U66Z-Kp-2FLc2IqZf_tEX1af6yoz0c/s1600/img213.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCrD7q7JWCATqGI3szSLeVtCDSc9x6LEJ16bqAR90L1BIrsA1Y0Fo8JfFyx9r4_8XNHtx2WP-XwnLICNgs8brR52QK1L30c3B0FLxR472ps3Lx-U66Z-Kp-2FLc2IqZf_tEX1af6yoz0c/s320/img213.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Official Opening 1988: Library Manager - Drusilla Wendolowski, Mayor Jim Angel,<br />
Member for Blue Mountains Bob Debus; Lindsay Paish - Braemar Management Committee </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Eventually
community use of the building received official blessing when, after some
debate at its meeting on 13 November, 1984, the Blue Mountains City Council
adopted recommendations that Braemar be converted into an art gallery and local
history resource centre. A successful application was made by the Council for a
grant from the NSW Bicentennial Authority to assist with restoration of the
building and conversion to its new function, this grant being supported later
by another from the NSW Heritage Council.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.25pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">A
number of public meetings were subsequently held in response to the initiative
of Council and a community based committee - The Friends of Braemar - was
formed early in 1985, followed later in the year by a 530A Management Committee
to supervise progress towards the fulfillment of the community's vision for
"Braemar". Membership of both the "Friends" and the
Management Committee reflected the interest of local artists, the historical
society and the library and a good number of the office-bearers of those early
committees shouldered the responsibility for the general functioning of
"Braemar".<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In
1985, also, the National Trust of Australia classified "Braemar" and
included it in the Trust's Register as a place having "aesthetic,
historic, scientific or social significance or other special value for future
generations, as well as for the present community."<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In
1988 a successful application was made by Blue Mountains City Council for a
grant from the NSW Bicentennial Authority to assist with restoration of the
building and conversion to its new function, this grant being supported later
by another from the NSW Heritage Council.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 18.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The restoration work was carried out by Blaxland
builders John M. Coyle & Co. under the supervision of Buckwell &
Partners Architects, of Mount Victoria.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 102.95pt; margin-right: 109.7pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 109.7pt 0cm 102.95pt; text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.7pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The
official opening of the Braemar Gallery and Local History Centre took place on
Saturday 12 March, 1988, with the State Member for the Blue Mountains, Mr. Bob
Debus, officiating. The following week the <u>Blue Mountains Gazette,</u>
reporting on the occasion, commented that "Braemar now stands to serve the
people of this city as a permanent source of cultural endeavour and a receptacle
of heritage resources. This achievement is the result of a lot of hard work and
dedication by many people...."<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Four
years later, on the occasion of the building's hundredth anniversary, the
successful development of its dual roles was viewed as being well established. The
Council's original decision to implement a cultural role for "Braemar"
had been validated.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 1.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 1.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In 2015 the Braemar Management
Committee was disbanded and Braemar Gallery came under the control of the City
Art Gallery at Blue Mountains Cultural Centre, while a team of volunteers
continues to assist with daily operations.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 1.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Local Studies Librarian <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 1.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Blue Mountains City Library<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 1.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">1992, revised 2016<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">BIBLIOGRAPHY<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 154.55pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Books, Pamphlets etc.</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 3.85pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 21.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Australian Men of Mark, Volume 2, Series
1, C.F. Maxwell, Sydney, [1888] </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.85pt; margin-right: .25pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0.25pt 0cm 21.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Macquarie, Lachlan. Journals of His Tours
in New South Wales and Van Dieman's Land 1810-1822, Public Library of NSW,
Sydney, 1956.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 21.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Nairn, B. & Serle, G. ed. Australian
Dictionary of Biography, Volume 8, 1891-1939, Melbourne University Press,
Melbourne, 1981. [Entry on T.W. Garrett by K.J. Cable.]</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 21.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">NSW Government Tourist Bureau. Hotel and
Boarding-House Directory, NSW Government, Sydney, 1908.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 21.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Pollard, Jack. Australian Cricket: The
Game and the Players, Hodder & Stoughton, 1982.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 21.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Railway Guide of New South Wales, NSW
Government, Sydney, 1886.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 21.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Ruhan, Carl. The Auctioneers: Lawson's -
the First 100 Years, Ayers & James, Sydney, 1984.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 21.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Sand's Sydney and Post Office Directory,
Sydney, various years.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 21.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Searle, A. & Morony, R. Springwood
Notebook 1788 - 1989, Springwood Historical Society, Springwood, 1990.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 21.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Wise's New South Wales Post Office
Directory, Sydney, various years.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.95pt; tab-stops: 12.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2 Newspapers</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Blue Mountains Gazette </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.25pt; margin-right: 255.35pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 255.35pt 0cm 18.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Daily Guardian [Sydney]</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.25pt; margin-right: 255.35pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 255.35pt 0cm 18.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Illustrated Sydney News</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.25pt; margin-right: 255.35pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 255.35pt 0cm 18.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Nepean Times</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.95pt; tab-stops: 12.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">3 Oral History Interviews</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 18.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Alma Platt interviewed by Beryl Myers, 10
December 1985 for Blue Mountains City Library</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 18.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Alfred Sully interviewed by Enid Schafer,
4 September 1989 for the Blue Mountains City Library</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 18.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Marjory Stephens (nee Gillman) and Bessie
Gillman interviewed by John Low and Helen Halliwell, 19 February 1992 for the
Blue Mountains City Library</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 0.5pt;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">4 Miscellaneous</span></u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 17.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -17.85pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Blue Mountains City Council Records
Department, Files on Braemar", Commonwealth Electoral Rolls.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 115%; margin-left: 18.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">"Friends of Braemar" and
Management Committee Records, Local Studies Collection, Blue Mountains City
Library.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">It
is clear that there are some gaps in our knowledge of the "Braemar"
story. The authors would therefore be very grateful for any corrections and
additional information, photographs etc. If you can help please contact:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Local
Studies Librarian, <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Blue
Mountains City Library, <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">104
Macquarie Road, Springwood. N.S.W. 2777 <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Telephone
47235044<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 115%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The
authors express their sincere thanks to the following people: Gwen
Alexander, Neil Billington, Stephen Gibbs, Bessie Gillman, Pat Hinchliffe, Nancy Ireland, Sheila Lawson, Alma Platt, Gwen Silvey, Colin Slade, Jim Smith,
Marjory Stephens (nee Gillman), Mr & Mrs Graham Stephens.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span face=""calibri" , sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-80829437044837290192016-09-20T15:23:00.003+10:002016-09-27T11:44:01.522+10:00Logie and The Lapstone Hill Hotel<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">"Logie"</span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">In the 1870s Captain Charles Smith, a shipping magnate, bought part of country
residence built in the 1870s by the Hon John Lucas, M.L.A.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">(1818 - 1902), a controversial Sydney politician,
financier and Secretary for Mines in the Robertson Ministry. In the 1880s Smith
built a house, called ‘Logie’, higher up the hill, above the railway and beyond
Lucas’s cottage. When Charles Smith died in 1897, Logie was inherited by his
son, Colin (1879 - 1939). Colin Smith was an eccentric and kenspeckle figure in
Glenbrook who established a bacteriological laboratory at ‘Logie’.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5OYGqrkIL9Y9iokqYeNJ4hQ6xZWKWwt51w5xhqT9et1VpZhASOXiiu4k8OTOSzSNoowF3BCjWz-pb3GGZzUzsLodGc8dSps6tM6Iuw5Gaaxt6MI3wlKPIog1Eq_xvCGnSEcSRviPZ8jk/s1600/shs+516+Logie+B+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5OYGqrkIL9Y9iokqYeNJ4hQ6xZWKWwt51w5xhqT9et1VpZhASOXiiu4k8OTOSzSNoowF3BCjWz-pb3GGZzUzsLodGc8dSps6tM6Iuw5Gaaxt6MI3wlKPIog1Eq_xvCGnSEcSRviPZ8jk/s320/shs+516+Logie+B+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">'Logie'</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">In 1921 Logie and its estate were bought by Herwald Kirkpatrick and his
brother-in-law, G.H.D. Morris (known as Jack). After a period of bad relations
between the joint owners, Morris moved out of ‘Logie’ and in 1923 built his own
house, ‘Briarcliffe’ on another part of the estate.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kirkpatrick, who was a well-known architect, then proceeded to convert ‘Logie’
and the surrounding 12 hectares (29 acres) into a high-class hotel, retaining
the stone foundations of Charles Smith’s house. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 12.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">On 23rd July, 1928 a company called, "Lapstone
Inn Ltd" issued a prospectus offering shares in a venture to buy old ‘Logie’
for £20 000 and convert it into an up-to-date residential hotel. "No site
more picturesque could be imagined, the view across the Plains in all
directions is unequalled, the climate for many months of the year is very like
that of the South of France", the prospectus enthused. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 12.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">There were 15 acres, mostly in beautiful gardens; and
there were plans to pipe water from the Nepean River as everyone in this
district still depended on tanks for water. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 12.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia_WsB8vntTt24Bwq1nW-RuxGH_8d52heE4ltmezNF4qTfzTz034oRMZUn8KZP07m6NGgARsq9TkRqjTApBFQ9gtd3pVuRQNb9sK7gq2A8v51KP56pgIKsxakLfndfaiggvPlKbRwebZk/s1600/lapstone+_Panorama1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia_WsB8vntTt24Bwq1nW-RuxGH_8d52heE4ltmezNF4qTfzTz034oRMZUn8KZP07m6NGgARsq9TkRqjTApBFQ9gtd3pVuRQNb9sK7gq2A8v51KP56pgIKsxakLfndfaiggvPlKbRwebZk/s320/lapstone+_Panorama1.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">'Decoration and Glass', Feb. 1936</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-top: 12.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">The directors were Herwald Kirkpatrick, Sydney
architect, who had designed the Glenbrook School of Arts; Samuel Farey, wool
expert; and John Gordon Huston, hotel proprietor of Dubbo.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">The company was not free of financial problems,
apparently, for according to some early Council correspondence, it was in
liquidation in 1930, however it appears to have survived.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: 1.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: 1.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Using the interior
designers, Ricketts and Thorp of Rockdale and Industrial Arts Ltd, Kirkpatrick
created a major Art Deco luxury hotel, which attracted admiring articles in the
professional journal Building in 1930, 1936 and 1937.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgOqcVxAnieUDdlUdHmF75KLW7118nJ9Cipe79vWCkI5Wssd7lP_xtvmZDCU0QhJmy_vRu6MRkJs3KM3nwuVRoCJl9v7afzh64W6a6SJHtGZV8mHR2LDm6PAuUF-u3nu_jSo9rvXYCRM0/s1600/img736+ed+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="231" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgOqcVxAnieUDdlUdHmF75KLW7118nJ9Cipe79vWCkI5Wssd7lP_xtvmZDCU0QhJmy_vRu6MRkJs3KM3nwuVRoCJl9v7afzh64W6a6SJHtGZV8mHR2LDm6PAuUF-u3nu_jSo9rvXYCRM0/s320/img736+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: 1.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: 1.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: 1.2pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Lapstone Hotel became a very fashionable place to
stay and a road house bar was built at the entrance to cater for passing
traffic. However there is no indication that it ever operated as a drive
through bottle shop. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: 1.2pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-Hv7ozWLmh65VOrRKjR8-cbPM5vI8dLG7X5rEzvLASJVfpyPC7ztLycY1TvwTmaHO1cHK5Jaj_GJiixcTbZe0uXx-8uwU_s4jqOlAqejT59pxtYr7mLjhXIstJvGk-Q6YryUPfCkORz0/s1600/shs+519+ed+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-Hv7ozWLmh65VOrRKjR8-cbPM5vI8dLG7X5rEzvLASJVfpyPC7ztLycY1TvwTmaHO1cHK5Jaj_GJiixcTbZe0uXx-8uwU_s4jqOlAqejT59pxtYr7mLjhXIstJvGk-Q6YryUPfCkORz0/s320/shs+519+ed+w+.jpg" width="254" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Road Bar</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">The extract below is from the trade periodical 'Building' March 12, 1936, and mentions the new Golden Ray mirrors:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 6.25pt 0.0001pt 0.25pt; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 6.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Lapstone Hill Hotel stands alone in
the front rank of country hotels, price for price and class for class,
particularly with regard to the brightness and colourfulness which seem to
enfold the hotel within and without and to emanate from the views and the
well-kept garden. The bedrooms, of which there are now 50, are quite small
compared to what one would get, say in America, but they conform to our
regulation size. They are not lavishly furnished, but they are comfortable and
neat, and above all, in very good taste. The ceilings and frieze are white, the
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">wallpapers faintly toned in pastel shades of charming
design, and the carpets maintain those tonings, but in deeper hues.</span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 6.25pt 0.0001pt 0.25pt; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 6.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <o:p></o:p></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The
bed spreads, of washable Cesarine, are one-toned to match, maintaining a
balance between the figured carpets and wallpapers. There are two sets of
window blinds, a dark brown for summer and a cream for winter - to keep out the
light and heat. Besides a central light, there is a bedside lamp and one on the
dressing table, and also a tiny electric fan for summer use. There are four
styles of room, one furnished in honey coloured Australian satinwood, finely
grained, one in Italian walnut, one in restful tones of green lacquered, and
one in mahogany colour. Each room has a wash </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">basin with hot and cold water, but the
common bathroom and toilet, unfortunately, is general, even in this otherwise
good class hotel.</span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBgFjWA0jrfz5EOsADXpLQwfqDS5uRbeKMw5h_yaKtujFoEjTsIMahye6guCwW0K7Zaxhhfpx34SeOJvng7uzU08JWduzwzGMyYeFNP0z6xz1P-G4z20tC4oU-8Gk5SDR_VgBEzxDxSRM/s1600/lapstone+_Panorama+2+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBgFjWA0jrfz5EOsADXpLQwfqDS5uRbeKMw5h_yaKtujFoEjTsIMahye6guCwW0K7Zaxhhfpx34SeOJvng7uzU08JWduzwzGMyYeFNP0z6xz1P-G4z20tC4oU-8Gk5SDR_VgBEzxDxSRM/s320/lapstone+_Panorama+2+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">' Decoration and Glass' Feb. 1936 </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 6.25pt 0.0001pt 0.25pt; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 6.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <o:p></o:p></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The price for this convenience with
excellent cuisine is from </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">£4/4/- </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">per
week per person for single room and common bathroom and toilet to £7/7/- per week per person for a
private suite of a double bedroom, sitting room, bathroom and verandah. The
carpeting, with the exception of that to the entrance, was carried out by Mr.
Carney of Artistry Wholesale Furnishers, as well as the upholstering material,
furnishing fabrics and the outside blinds.</span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 6.25pt 0.0001pt 0.25pt; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 6.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">It would be safe to say that nowhere in
the world could accommodation of such a standard be obtained at from 12/- to </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">£l/l/-<sub>
</sub>per day.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The dainty little pale pink open-voile
frilled and c</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">rossed-over curtains in the bathrooms are but one of the little
things that surprise and delight the patrons. Unsightly pipes do not protrude
themselves - </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">just chromium plated shower and tans only
are noticeable.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">The exterior is in textured brick in which
the colours blend harmoniously. As so many modern buildings use unblending
colours, and some use "howling" colours, it seems almost necessary to
mention this fact.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">The approach is through a port-cochere behind
a flaming bed of bonfire salvia. It is rectangular with classic corner piers
and columns. </span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYFCrhUMQoCEMSaE1ciAGmhUg0rL54Z7HIgIc8NiQpxX6YMRgdoMz7tMafLnORBTw5TTGsZWUuicpHVkd3Sr-yKGiMuCaR2xaViR50B8Jd_KtW5g9Iv6504hlF1QyJiu4MIJc-ZBs5iqU/s1600/lapstone_Panorama+3+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYFCrhUMQoCEMSaE1ciAGmhUg0rL54Z7HIgIc8NiQpxX6YMRgdoMz7tMafLnORBTw5TTGsZWUuicpHVkd3Sr-yKGiMuCaR2xaViR50B8Jd_KtW5g9Iv6504hlF1QyJiu4MIJc-ZBs5iqU/s320/lapstone_Panorama+3+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">' Decoration and Glass' Feb 1936 </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 6.25pt 0.0001pt 0.25pt; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 6.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">The tiled flooring is in 6in. squares with |in. tile striping
running between each-pair of tiles. In the octagonal entrance hall, four
alternate sides arc devoted to openings -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
the entrance door, the passage to the suites, the hall that leads to the
verandahs and ball- </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">room
and the wide office counter. Alternately between these are a Wunderlich Ruftex
brick fireplace, telephone booths, an office door and the stair approach. The
entrance door is in two leaves, each having a deep Luxfer panel with chromium
plated kicking plates and handrail.</span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">The former dining room has been extended
by taking in a portion of the front verandah, and this is reserved for the use
of residents. The drawing room has been extended to double the former size. It
is richly carpeted and furnished with upholstered three-piece suites in modern
design. The curtains maintain the colouring of the carpet in copper green and
buff. The former ballroom is now a billiard room with one full-sized table from
Heiron & Smith Ltd., and there is room for another.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;"> </span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 6.25pt 0.0001pt 0.25pt; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 6.25pt;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9P4bIRNbGxaY2nqd0wFFdR3Brqi-Mp3_4PsdXdOcBBrod8fEqpmLqjv20ThQ3r1ed1IxCbCIQ7IO6PGHAshDr8k3avUOA6dnj3iAOSUwEarZ51YX00Hh8H04fbPVdEpGDFTvzJNKwCHY/s1600/img814+ed+B+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="73" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9P4bIRNbGxaY2nqd0wFFdR3Brqi-Mp3_4PsdXdOcBBrod8fEqpmLqjv20ThQ3r1ed1IxCbCIQ7IO6PGHAshDr8k3avUOA6dnj3iAOSUwEarZ51YX00Hh8H04fbPVdEpGDFTvzJNKwCHY/s320/img814+ed+B+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Panoramic view, 1936</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">It is the new ballroom, used by day as a
dining room for non-residents, which constitutes the principal feature of the
new section. It is a spacious room with four pillars near the angles. It is
covered with a nut-brown Feltex heavily mottled in long stripe</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
to roll up readily for evening
dances. It </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 10.55pt;">would be
better if left undisturbed. The walls are panelled and are in two tones of buff,
one tone being obtained by a textured or patterned paper and the other being
the matt finish of the plastering. The cornice treatment is a classic; it
consists of a chevron moulding near the ceiling, beneath which is a frieze in
the Grecian pelmet manner, maintaining a striped surface with a plastered
finish on its alternating faces which are in two tones of buff, whilst on the
zig-zagging soffit, corresponding with the two faces of the pelmet, gold and
silver paper cover the alternating faces</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 6.25pt 0.0001pt 0.25pt; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 6.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The ceiling is in receding stages after
the manner of the Soldiers' Memorial (a Halicarnassus Tomb) in Melbourne, until
it reaches the lighting panels in the centre, and here something special has
been provided, in that the whole of the ceiling is covered with parchment
through which a soft light filters.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In a passage from the main building the
wall is lined with Golden Ray mirrors to the full ceiling height, which colour
tones in with the furnishing. Since Frank O'Brien Ltd. put Golden Ray mirrors on the market they have become
very popular in positions such as this.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 6.25pt 0.0001pt 0.25pt; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 6.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">There are five sets of windows 6ft. wide,
curtained with overlapping extremely dainty frilled centre curtains and tweed
curtains striped horizontally at the side, and the side curtaining is also
applied to the three 12ft. folding doors to this room, running on McCabe's
runners.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The orchestra has been given a small
stage, a baby grand Beale piano, and ornate lighting stands; surrounding this
it a balustrading in honey-coloured Australian satin wood. Above is a pierced
duct through which the Panotrope music filters. The chairs are upholstered in
tapestry of buffs and browns, and the wall settees are also carried out in this
upholstery, with high backs to ensure keeping a clean wall. The upholstery work
generally is along simple lines, luxuriously comfortable; it was designed and manufactured
by Ricketts and Thorp Ltd and it is a compliment to this firm that, having
supplied furniture to the older building, it was asked to carry out the work in
the new section.</span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 6.25pt 0.0001pt 0.25pt; text-indent: 10.55pt;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 115%; margin-right: 6.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The whole has been very well carried out
as regards selection of materials, design, craftsmanship, and last, but very
important - </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">price.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">It is just frankly expressive of our
modern times, is full of tone
and quality without being in the least bit aggressive, or bizarre, as so many
things in the modern manner can become unless discretion is exercised.</span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The ballroom opens onto a verandah 40 feet
long and quite 13 feet deep. It is furnished in green and yellow modern wicker
furniture with closely woven wicker seats and backs. In addition to usual and
unusual attractions </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">such as tennis court, a deck tennis court,
a </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">reflecting pool lit up
with lights on the water's edge and a nine-hole golf course.<br /> <o:p></o:p></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></blockquote>
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</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIQUyjuOz390EDCzWgazAVyLi9EjoGPdPM1mVf8RVVNyjKcHI_tRthyNeNTjy-W_nQktDQM2b4teYarwOLuECbPHtyLHoFGk2KMw9zEXlv6dz0s7buK7KGS-PyoqjfAi_wQgS1dV9naak/s1600/img817+ed+B+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="72" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIQUyjuOz390EDCzWgazAVyLi9EjoGPdPM1mVf8RVVNyjKcHI_tRthyNeNTjy-W_nQktDQM2b4teYarwOLuECbPHtyLHoFGk2KMw9zEXlv6dz0s7buK7KGS-PyoqjfAi_wQgS1dV9naak/s320/img817+ed+B+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Panoramic view, 1936</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">This extract from a Blue Mountains promotional publication of 1939
gives a good, if rose tinted, description of the facilities it offered.</span></div>
</blockquote>
</div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">LAPSTONE HILL HOTEL</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Only 40 miles from the
G.P.O. - offers Visitors unique features - the convenience of a city hotel set
amidst mountain scenery. Within an easy 80 minutes’ drive along the perfect
surface of The Great Western Highway. Around this Hotel is a wealth of romantic
and historical interest from its spacious, cool verandahs looking out over the
terraced gardens, so reminiscent of Italy and the Riviera, can be seen the
places which figured so prominently in Australia's early history.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Set like a brilliant
ribbon of silver, threading amidst orchard groves, the glorious Nepean River
flows in the foreground. The very name Lapstone itself is romantic - a river
bed flung to mountain height millions of years ago, but still the earth holds
evidence of that former era in the river stones which abound - the Cobbler's
Lapstone was just such as these.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">When heat reigns in the
city, up here the cool North East breezes refresh and stimulate. After a strenuous
set of tennis or a long round of golf, the crystal river water of the bathing
pool incites you to swim.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">When night descends you
gaze away over the plains and in the distance twinkle there lights of old world
Penrith, Richmond and Windsor, and beyond those of Parramatta, and like a
Nimbus, the glowing radiance of the Metropolis on the sky line. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">GOLF<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mr. Fred Poppelwell,
the well-known professional, a golfer of the Australia Golf Club, has laid out
a fine 9 hole course. Lockers and showers are provided at the Hotel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CUISINE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Of a standard
unexcelled in Australia. The finest kitchen in the Commonwealth, specially
designed for a la carte meals. The most modern refrigerator equipment combined
with Electric and Oil Burner Cooking, assures patrons of excellent meals at any
hour of the day or night.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">HOTEL<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">An ultra-modern
combination of Fashionable Hotel and Country Club, exquisitely decorated and
luxuriously appointed. Carpeted floors in all rooms and hallways, and furnished
after the manner of an English gentleman's home. Replete with every modern home
convenience. Running water in bedrooms, telephones and central heating.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">APPROACH<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Lapstone is approached
by the Great Western Highway a pleasant 40 mile journey along a concrete
bitumen surface road, which brings the hotel within 80 minutes of the city.
Situated 40 miles from Sydney – three-quarters of a mile from Glenbrook Station
- a car meets train.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiorG7QfrSym0BL1IbP3FSFJVUOJ9MVy0-K-RZlBtuG5RGumtv-ELzWGmIU6AYKHNjwemeePADqK2KuzUJSHMo1BFdBzt7C-u4WD0ALJJVLZPcBOsGBGqoGFjVg9sHTWCQ_uPOvhOOvSoM/s1600/ecafe+1948+1+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiorG7QfrSym0BL1IbP3FSFJVUOJ9MVy0-K-RZlBtuG5RGumtv-ELzWGmIU6AYKHNjwemeePADqK2KuzUJSHMo1BFdBzt7C-u4WD0ALJJVLZPcBOsGBGqoGFjVg9sHTWCQ_uPOvhOOvSoM/s320/ecafe+1948+1+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">ECAFE conference 1948</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">The hotel hosted a
number of official and international events and conferences, including accommodation
for the rowing crews in the 1938 British Empire Games, the British Commonwealth
Relations Conference (Sept 1938), United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation
Administration (UNRRA) (Feb 1945), the second UN Economic Commission for Asia
and the Far East (ECAFE) (Dec 1948). </span></div>
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<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvAnIfmfLKSTHNFB8NdpLkP3v1m0pvxTl3lZjblSNP5iKUDeo3U94OI3OuwTN0VM5LDW4i3XvpDP8XYlO4cW7b3gK3wUlsSSorwTvwHd9kCfFDD0nkFXEUqqmDm1vGe4yNiMM4SKUhGlM/s1600/ecafe+1948+4+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvAnIfmfLKSTHNFB8NdpLkP3v1m0pvxTl3lZjblSNP5iKUDeo3U94OI3OuwTN0VM5LDW4i3XvpDP8XYlO4cW7b3gK3wUlsSSorwTvwHd9kCfFDD0nkFXEUqqmDm1vGe4yNiMM4SKUhGlM/s320/ecafe+1948+4+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">ECAFE Conference 1948</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">After
World War II, the R.A.A.F. Operational Command was looking for a permanent site
to house its Eastern Area Headquarters, and in 1949 they acquired the Lapstone
Hotel for £63,000. Both buildings are now part of the RAAF establishment and
have State Heritage Listing.</span></div>
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<br />
All images from the Local Studies collection.<br />
Thanks to Barbara Higginson for access to research notes and photos. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">References
and Links<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?id=1170270"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?id=1170270</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">"GOLDEN RAY" MIRRORS (1933, March 15).<i>Construction and Real
Estate Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1930 - 1938)</i>, , p. 9. Retrieved August 3,
2016, from </span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222910923"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt;">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222910923</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Games"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Games</span></a></span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="https://archives.un.org/sites/archives.un.org/files/files/Finding%20Aids/2015_Finding_Aids/AG-018.pdf"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">https://archives.un.org/sites/archives.un.org/files/files/Finding%20Aids/2015_Finding_Aids/AG-018.pdf</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="http://www.crommelin.org/history/Biographies/1914Edward/UnrraScrapbook/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">http://www.crommelin.org/history/Biographies/1914Edward/UnrraScrapbook/</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">"POLITICS DISRUPTS E.C.A.F.E."<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>The Canberra Times (ACT : 1926 -
1995)</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>10 December 1948: 4.
Web. 2 Aug 2016 </span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2780061"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt;">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2780061</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> .<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">ECAFE CONFERENCE OPENS AT LAPSTONE (1948, November 30).<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW :
1842 - 1954)</i>, , p. 1. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from </span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18099418"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt;">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18099418</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nepalese In Black Pillbox Hats (1948, November 30).<i>The Sydney Morning
Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954)</i>, , p. 1. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from </span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18099390"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt;">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18099390</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Housing Trouble For ECAFE At Lapstone (1948, December 2).<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW :
1842 - 1954)</i>, , p. 2. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from </span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18101365"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt;">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18101365</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="http://consumer.fairfaxsyndication.com/Collection/Australian-Golfer--Fred-Popplewell-(1887-1966)-FXT172749"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt;">http://consumer.fairfaxsyndication.com/Collection/Australian-Golfer--Fred-Popplewell-(1887-1966)-FXT172749</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">UNRRA Delegates in Informal Pre-Conference Scenes (1945, February 16).
The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), , p. 9. Retrieved August 2, 2016,
from </span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1111130"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt;">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1111130</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-right: .5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">POLICIES FOR U.N.R.R.A. (1945, January 24).<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW :
1842 - 1954)</i>, , p. 3. Retrieved August 2, 2016, from </span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , "serif";"><a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17941064"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-size: 12pt;">http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17941064</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "garamond" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-10802162373367236602016-04-27T09:47:00.006+10:002023-10-31T15:55:45.298+11:00Katoomba Street History Walk<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvs1cFU_etLxcJt87tce1Z-lblJyE8O46Avs0ognaKGZxRmVfAqT5axI3avgJeC4-2zj2AcAEDOSc8iwY3lzMUYTHk0mKV8GJR9VGpMFR3VD5wpsUF_z4B6gm8dv8DOz7iGs20UsNORWM/s1600/pf924+wg+1940.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvs1cFU_etLxcJt87tce1Z-lblJyE8O46Avs0ognaKGZxRmVfAqT5axI3avgJeC4-2zj2AcAEDOSc8iwY3lzMUYTHk0mKV8GJR9VGpMFR3VD5wpsUF_z4B6gm8dv8DOz7iGs20UsNORWM/s320/pf924+wg+1940.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Katoomba St, 1940</td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;">Introduction</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">In its early years Katoomba laid no claim to the status it
later achieved among the Mountain towns. While there had been an inn and stock
resting place at Pulpit Hill from the 1830s, the town’s real beginnings were
with the railway. Towards the end of the 1870s, this lonely mountain outpost
began to change dramatically. The official name change to Katoomba occurred in
1878, the same year that businessman John Britty North registered his coal mine
at the base of the cliffs near the Orphan Rock. Within a year the high quality
of his coal was winning prizes at the Sydney International Exhibition and the
small settlement of Katoomba gained a reputation as an important mining centre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">While North was developing his mining enterprise, the
leaders of Sydney society also began casting their eyes in the direction of
Katoomba. The 1870s had seen the growing popularity of the areas of
Springwood and Mt Wilson as locations
for country retreats. The 1880s-90s saw the beginnings of an era of hotels and
guest houses in Katoomba and the upper mountains. Shops, schools and a local
newspaper appeared and in 1889 the town was gazetted as a municipality. Its
first Council was elected in January 1890; it governed a socially divided
community – at one extreme a roaring mining camp with slab and weatherboard
cottages and hotels, cable ways and horse drawn tramways stretching out into
the Megalong and Jamison valleys and at the other a fashionable and wealthy
resort high on the hill of Katoomba Street, together they comprised about 100
buildings. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">The early visitors who arrived during the 1880s and 1890s
were primarily from the privileged classes. They stayed in gracious comfort at
stylish establishments like The Carrington, The Leura Coffee Palace (later The
Ritz) or The Balmoral and sought the mysteries of nature among the cool fern
walks and glens. They had money and leisure and the Blue Mountains offered a
hill station retreat from the summer heat and dirt of the city, and the
pressures of the political and business world of Sydney.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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By the turn of the century economic and social changes were occurring in the wider Australian community which began to produce a more affluent and mobile middle class. Visitors whose preference was for cheaper less palatial accommodation arrived and the patronage of the rich moved elsewhere. As the war clouds began to gather in Europe Katoomba was entering its boom period and in the post war optimism of the 1920s there were over sixty guesthouse operating in the town.<br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">The motor car also revolutionised tourist activity and
tourist coach firms flourished in many of the upper mountain towns, some guest
houses even kept their own fleet. To the holiday makers and honeymooners who
flocked to the guest house during the twenties and thirties, Katoomba was the
holiday capital of NSW. They spent the days touring the sights in their
charabancs and putting roses in their cheeks in the bracing mountain air; and
in the evenings danced, roller-skated and attended the latest moving pictures. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Following the Second World War the Mountains became
increasingly suburbanised with cheap land and long travelling hours for
commuters; local tourism declined as the coast gained in popularity and cheap
overseas travel become possible. The old hotels and guest houses gradually lost
patronage and many fell into disrepair, some were demolished, some were
converted to nursing homes hostels and a few remain. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">By the 1960s and 1970s day trippers arriving by car or bus
replaced the long stay tourists and the supermarkets forced many of the old
style shop keepers out of business, to be replaced by coffee shops, galleries
and souvenir shops. Yet despite the
changes, the economic and other benefits of preserving the extensive original
building fabric of Katoomba have finally been acknowledged and much of the old
Katoomba Street remains as do some of its stories.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>The Sites</b></span><br />
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Katoomba Street was named before 1882 and is now the main
street of the township. The earliest business centre however developed on Main
Street, originally the Bathurst Road, in the area of The Balmoral and later The
Burlington. This development included the top of Park Street where the Town
Hall and Council Chamber were situated, then gradually spread to the
intersection at the top of Katoomba Street as the railway station became a
centre of activity; then around the corner and down the hill to Waratah Street.
A number of building inventories and heritage surveys have been carried out in
recent years and these together with early photographs, surviving building
plans and rate records, form the basis of this presentation. New information
however will continue to be discovered as research continues. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Railway goods yard c.1900</td></tr>
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<li class="MsoNormal"><b>Katoomba
Railway Station 1881 <o:p></o:p></b></li>
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Following the completion of the
railway line to Mt Victoria in May 1868, the area was known as The Crushers,
the name of the quarry established to supply the railway with track ballast.
Trains from the West also found The Crushers a convenient place to adjust their
loads before the steep descent to Penrith. The present station building
replaced an earlier timber platform and station building erected in 1881. Until
motor cars become affordable in the post war period and the highway improved,
most people arrived at Katoomba by train and were conveyed to guest houses by
local cabbies, the most famous being the local poet, songster, raconteur and
favoured driver of royalty and the aristocracy, Harry Peckman. <o:p></o:p><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Harry Peckman c.1910</td></tr>
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Peckman was born in Kurrajong in 1846, and in the 1880s, with
his older brother John, started a hire service of wagonettes with a fleet of 30
horses. In 1884 he rescued a tourist, a Captain Black, who had
become lost in the wilderness at Echo Point for over a day thinking Katoomba
was below him and trying to find a way down; he had written a last message to
his family when the Peckmans found him. Harry also did the surveying for the
Federal Pass walking track in 1900. In 1868 at the age of 21 he was engaged to
drive the Duke of Edinburgh’s royal party to view the Wentworth Falls
waterfall, thus began a long association with many heads of state,
parliamentarians and international visitors, including the Governor General,
Lord Carrington, Sir Frederick Darley, Chief Justice of NSW and owner of
Lilianfels. The brothers established a daily coach service to Jenolan Caves in
1889 and in 1892 he married Emily Sarah McAveny from the Megalong Valley, he
was 46, she just 15. A few years earlier Emily’s grandmother, had murdered her grandfather
with an axe while he was drunk, because of his ‘cool treatment’ of her. Her
death sentence was commuted to life and she died 10 years later in Darlinghurst
goal. By 1905 the Peckman’s fortunes were in decline and Harry spent his final
years as a cabbie on the rank until he was granted a government pension at the
age of 83, five years before his death. Peckman’s Road was named after him
around 1900.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Railway crossing with James' corner</td></tr>
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<li class="MsoNormal"><b>James’
Corner 1925 Inter-war free
classical<o:p></o:p></b></li>
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George James (1855-1938) was a
prominent citizen, butcher and businessman, man of property, alderman and twice
mayor of Katoomba Council (1909-1910, 1914-16). As a member of the Council
Parks and Reserves Committee he was active in establishing many of the lookouts
and walking tracks we have today. Among the many buildings he owned and erected
in Katoomba, he considered the James’ Building his proudest achievement for the
town, his home McClintock in Abbotsford Rd is now a B&B. See also 40-44
Katoomba St. Four of his five sons also became butchers and operated James Bros
Quality Butchers at Circular Quay in the 1920s.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Carrington c.1900</td></tr>
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<li class="MsoNormal"><b>The
Carrington. Federation free classical, Art Deco, Art Nouveau styles<o:p></o:p></b></li>
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In 1882
the building of the Great Western Hotel marked the emergence of Katoomba as
more than just a mining town. In 1886 it was sold by the widow of the original
owner, Harry Rowell, to FC Goyder a squatter from Queensland and first mayor of
Katoomba who improved its facilities,
added wings to doubling its accommodation and obtained the patronage of
the then Governor General Lord Carrington in whose honour it was renamed. In
1905 AL Peacock leased the hotel from Goyder and in 1905 it was advertised as
‘the largest and best known tourist hotel in the Southern Hemisphere’. He also
served as an alderman on Council and in 1907 was instrumental in bringing a
town water supply and the sewerage service to Katoomba. Coincidentally this
also allowed the Carrington to advertise ‘a splendid service of lavatories,
baths and water closets upon each floor’. <o:p></o:p></div>
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By 1913
the wealthy newspaper magnate James Joynton Smith, owner of the Imperial Hotel
at Mt Victoria and lessee of the Hydro Majestic at Medlow Bath, had gained
control of the Carrington. He built the power station at the rear of the
building with its famous tapering octagonal brick chimney and contracted to supply
power to Katoomba and the upper mountains until Council built its own power
station in 1925. The hotel has continued to dominate Katoomba for over a
century.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal"><b>Carrington
Inn Bar 1916 Federation free style.<o:p></o:p></b></li>
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This building was constructed
within the Carrington property by Joynton Smith around 1916, initially as the
City Bank of Sydney, later the Australian Bank of Commerce 1918 and the Bank of
NSW 1931 and converted to a saloon bar 1933, classified by the National Trust
1978.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal"><b>Shops
49-57 Katoomba St, post 1922. Inter-War free classical style<o:p></o:p></b></li>
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Also constructed on Carrington
property by Joynton Smith, in front of an older boarding house dating from 1884
which Joynton Smith purchased for his wife and named Clarendon House, this was
demolished around 1937. These shops are listed as a local heritage item.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Katoomba Post Office during the 1951 Crossing re-enactment</td></tr>
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<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Katoomba Post Office 1919-10, 1923, 1971.
Federation period free classical style<o:p></o:p></b></li>
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This was Katoomba’s fifth post
office and replaced earlier temporary offices in the railway station (1880),
Balmoral House (1885), Main Street (1887, 1895). In the early 1900s the local
business community successfully lobbied the Government for a permanent
building. The chosen site was on vacant land which was purchased for £1100 in
1907, construction commenced the following year. In 1917 the building was
altered to accommodate rest room facilities for the new female staff and in
1923 the first floor addition was made. Note the brick upper storey contrasting
with the ground floor stucco. In 1996 the Post Office moved to a new building
in Pioneer Place. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Paragon cocktail lounge with a sprung floor for dancing</td></tr>
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<ol start="7" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b>The
Paragon Café building, 63-67 Katoomba St, 1916, 1925, 1934, 1936. Art
Deco, Aztec Odeon (Banquet Hall) and early Modern Ocean Liner styles.<o:p></o:p></b></li>
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Zacharias (Jack, Zac) Simos
(1897-1976) emigrated from the Greek island of Kythera in 1912 with several
other Kytheran boys and spent four years working in Greek cafes in Sydney and
Tenterfield before establishing a business in Windsor selling ham and eggs and
vegetables door to door. In 1916 after improving his English he leased a small
a tea shop at 65 Katoomba Street with just four tables and a kitchen in an old
weatherboard house at the rear. <o:p></o:p></div>
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After he was naturalised in 1921,
Jack Simos purchased the building and set about establishing a high-class
refreshment room. He named it the Paragon meaning model of excellence and in
1925 engaged Henry White, architect of the State Theatre, to reconstruct the
building in Art Deco style, adding the Banquet Hall in 1934. In 1936 the Blue
Room was designed and built by the firm of H & E Sidgreaves who designed
the original Washington H Soul pharmacies in Sydney. In 1946 the sculptor Otto
Sheen produced the alabaster friezes for the front dining area of the
restaurant. They depict figures from Greek mythology including Zeus, Chiron the
Centaur, Apollo, the Flight of Icarus and the Judgement of Paris. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The Simos family home, built in
the early 1940s, is the imposing Art Deco ‘Olympus’ on Cliff Drive at Echo
Point. Jack Simos died in 1977, two years after The Paragon was registered by
the National Trust and placed on the Register of the National Estate. The face
of the Paragon to generations of
visitors was his wife Mary, who was born in Elkton, Maryland in 1912,
grew up in Kythera and attended an English boarding school in Athens before
marrying Jack and coming to Australia in 1920, dying at the age of 88 in 2001.
See also 88, 92, 98 Katoomba Street<o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4XzekNSd78kiR3fHEfgjN4rnJ2K_5flT4YKhpli4_b0Qcn8-E32FPW9D9WEedrES8fy6rZiqiT6pMj-PnIewUGRUIOnL8Z2iyicDAu_-CCM6J89PAmQQGm0HcF7EQIfx_AsdRjHWGLrE/s1600/img229.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4XzekNSd78kiR3fHEfgjN4rnJ2K_5flT4YKhpli4_b0Qcn8-E32FPW9D9WEedrES8fy6rZiqiT6pMj-PnIewUGRUIOnL8Z2iyicDAu_-CCM6J89PAmQQGm0HcF7EQIfx_AsdRjHWGLrE/s320/img229.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Embassy 1930s</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<ol start="8" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b>Embassy
Theatre building 73-75 Katoomba St, 1914, 1933<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;">The original Empire Theatre was
built on this site by AH Small and A Seller in a Federation Free Style design, <span style="color: #1f497d; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"> </span>the original 1914 building was designed
by Harry Rupert Goyder and Edward Hewlett Hogburn, and opened 16 January 1915.
In 1920 Seller sold the property to Katoomba Theatres, part of the Joynton
Smith Management Trust, who later acquired the Kings Theatre, later the Savoy,
across the road. First described in contemporary accounts as ‘prettily
designed’ and with ‘big crowds flocking nightly to view the pictures’, it was
refurbished in1936 with a shorter auditorium and renamed the Embassy Theatre
with a seating capacity of 843. It retained the name until it was sold to G J
Coles & Co for £50,000 in 1954 and remodeled by McDonald Downie &
Assoc. It was more recently described as a valuable piece of cinematic history
showing two decorative styles separated by 22 years. Since the 1970s the main
building has been series of discount stores and the original milk bar has
become a fish & chip shop.<o:p></o:p></p></li></ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLppAf8sMipOwYunbPlVQHhebQqH32syb-QKq3tKR8eTXWe1Pwnrotdgs-Jk6fRTvRaHXYldZkG2Wk5FxxFwiNPGeq7bMI8cJC-Q4JgPycWd30KV11rS4k_OfLqOEXQsHq8BAynLNWUAk/s2048/ss+01-51+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1627" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLppAf8sMipOwYunbPlVQHhebQqH32syb-QKq3tKR8eTXWe1Pwnrotdgs-Jk6fRTvRaHXYldZkG2Wk5FxxFwiNPGeq7bMI8cJC-Q4JgPycWd30KV11rS4k_OfLqOEXQsHq8BAynLNWUAk/s320/ss+01-51+ed+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">G J Coles & Co. display window May 1956 </td></tr></tbody></table><br />
<ol start="9" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b>Froma
House 1867 and Froma Lane 1913<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Built by bachelor and Member for
Hartley in the Legislative Assembly, James Henry Neale around 1867, Froma House
is the first known dwelling of any permanence, apart from the railway
gatehouse, built in the central area of Katoomba. Neale, a butcher by trade,
and his brother Thomas, acquired a 400 acre portion of land running from The
Crushers down to Echo Point, covering much of the area of central Katoomba, for
£1 an acre in 1875, land which included several waterfalls. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Around 1878 he disposed of most
of the land, then known as the Katoomba Estate, to the consortium which built
the Great Western Hotel, later to become The Carrington. Neale was interested
in bush walking and developed many of the scenic tracks and reserves around
Katoomba, all radiating from Froma. Neale Street, named before 1882, follows
his original track to Katoomba Falls. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
In the 1870s, while on a picnic with Harry Peckman, Neale took a local Kanimbla Aboriginal woman, known as Black Bet or Princess Betsy, to Katoomba Falls and asked her what the place was called, her answer being ‘Katoom-bah’, translated then as ‘place of falling water’. However recent research has shown that this also refers to an edible fern root that was a staple Aboriginal food collected from the Megalong and Jamieson valleys. Neale died in 1890 in Wentworth Falls and was given a large Methodist funeral. <br />
<br />
In 1883 Froma was
bought by Michael Metcalf (1813-1890), a merchant, customs agent and prominent
Sydney Anglican, who lived there with his family until 1911. By 1914 old Froma
had gone, replaced by a new kindergarten school of six rooms, close behind the
new post office, which had recently been erected in rapidly developing Katoomba
Street. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Froma Lane was established as a
right of way to connect Park and Katoomba streets and was described in the Echo
of 29.08.1913 as a ‘very crooked alley that follows the tortuous plotting of
the various allotments’ and contains the postmaster’s residence, now ‘Froma
Court’.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="10" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Raeburn 1916 145 Katoomba St. (PF800) <o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
William Raeburn Copeland
(1855-1928) was born in Rothiemay, Scotland where he trained as a stone mason
arriving in Australia in1882. He worked for JB North on the mine tramway and
for the railways, before commencing as a speculative builder in Katoomba until
the bank crash of 1891. He built a number of stone residences in Katoomba Street
and the presbytery of St Canice’s Church and claimed his son was the first
white child born in Leura. In 1897 he opened the first shop in Katoomba street,
a general store and timber yard which was burnt down to be replaced by the
present building in 1916. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvS9PZFyaq-2vsOGxaf7JefsyRyNJAp_4x-aFTK_0MZhWNC3G3SG7Ln6_J3n9_8RQ64HtH5h2fc1NktRdP_BnMKALrIsYydRPCn2gwhZHnj58bnQYrMe0SZR2h3WR1eTZftiOpHSNMjMU/s1600/kat+gang+gang+st+june+22.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="187" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvS9PZFyaq-2vsOGxaf7JefsyRyNJAp_4x-aFTK_0MZhWNC3G3SG7Ln6_J3n9_8RQ64HtH5h2fc1NktRdP_BnMKALrIsYydRPCn2gwhZHnj58bnQYrMe0SZR2h3WR1eTZftiOpHSNMjMU/s320/kat+gang+gang+st+june+22.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Central Buildings</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<ol start="11" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Central Buildings - corner Katoomba and
Gang Gang Streets 1915 Federation Free Style<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
In style it compliments the
James’ building opposite and during the level crossing period its imposing
stepped façade formed a prominent part of the town entry. The current buildings
replaced a smaller group of single storey buildings sometime after 1905. Rates
records show that the site was occupied by shops in 1901 and the first floor
was being used as flats in 1937. This was also one of the Post Office sites.
Theo Poulos real estate has been here long enough for it to now be called
Poulos’ Corner.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0FjQMIOm39pKj1xJHXBGFCqbcN4kUrzDqYFmlIe_rfmxT0tt5gAf4OvPYQnqtxgXcsX6CI-eH3g5hD2NB2uoRIK4BO8o9ACrZCPrwxUxLvzwD1931BhFfVKv3pCIQ7jBf4TJc6VB31Eg/s1600/Fimg426+%25282%2529.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0FjQMIOm39pKj1xJHXBGFCqbcN4kUrzDqYFmlIe_rfmxT0tt5gAf4OvPYQnqtxgXcsX6CI-eH3g5hD2NB2uoRIK4BO8o9ACrZCPrwxUxLvzwD1931BhFfVKv3pCIQ7jBf4TJc6VB31Eg/s320/Fimg426+%25282%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The skating rink under the Savoy</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<ol start="12" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> The Savoy Theatre complex 8-32 Katoomba Street, 1910 1936 1946, Inter-War Functionalist Style, Art Deco shopfronts<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
This site was formerly occupied
by the Kings Theatre, sometimes referred to as the King George Theatre which
was one of the first picture theatres in NSW. The Kings Theatre was constructed
about 1910 and historic photos show an imposing two storey brick and stucco
building in a Federation Free Style. In 1920 it was owned by Katoomba Theatres
Ltd., part of the Joynton Smith management trust and operated as a live
theatre, a Palais de Dance and also contained a Turkish bath. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Prior to this the site was
occupied by single storey timber shops
with awnings which rate records show existed in 1901. According to the
1926 rate records the site was occupied by ‘casino, shops and offices’. By 1931
the Kings theatre had closed and became a shop and warehouse before the
building was demolished in 1937 to make way for the Savoy complex which opened
on 18<sup>th</sup> December of that year. The basement, formerly a billiard
room, was used as a boys club in the early 1940s, then licensed as the
Trocadero Theatre in 1946 with a seating capacity of 500 people and later as a roller skating rink. Both had been
closed for some years before a fire caused extensive internal damage to the
complex in June 1960. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
This building is significant as
the only historical example in NSW of one cinema built above another, and is a
good representative example of the cinema architecture of Guy Crick and Bruce
Furse, important cinema specialists in NSW, whilst the shopfronts are
outstanding examples of Interwar Functionalist design.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzfUo-7K2qIhaDtJUmJoNpwPcD3HmtEFAAo0twaB7OOccZDTg6zScXjDK8anWREYOIVnbhYHNOPfFkaEolw81Xw3sO1BZx0akfDi4hd5TYWw59NuhS0Dukz5R00zsP41bhXJCzmQBwQ10/s1600/pf+500+ed+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzfUo-7K2qIhaDtJUmJoNpwPcD3HmtEFAAo0twaB7OOccZDTg6zScXjDK8anWREYOIVnbhYHNOPfFkaEolw81Xw3sO1BZx0akfDi4hd5TYWw59NuhS0Dukz5R00zsP41bhXJCzmQBwQ10/s320/pf+500+ed+.jpg" width="251" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tabrett's building under construction 1904</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<ol start="13" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Tabrett’s Building 34-38 Katoomba
Street 1904 Federation Free Style/Anglo-Dutch
pediment above parapet </b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
In 1901 the land was owned by E
Marx who was probably associated with the theatre group adjoining. By December 1904 the
current building had been constructed on the site with three shops, the builder was
James Ray (Jim) Anderson for the owner J Tabrett. The Tabrett family was well
respected in Katoomba and operated several prominent businesses including
auctioneers, estate agents, Mountain Coaching and Motoring Co., tourist agents
taking bookings for Jenolan Caves and a boot shop. Tabrett and Co were still
operating an estate agency from this building in 1954. The Art Deco style Café
Florida operated in the central shop in the early 1940s and its shop front
remains intact although the original dining booths, lighting and furnishings
were removed during refurbishment for a new business in 1993. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
James Anderson, a Scottish
carpenter arrived in Katoomba with his wife Alice in 1903 and worked as a
master builder for the next 40 years, his three sons Raymond, Leslie and
Victor, also becoming builders. His daughters Alice and Enid were the first
waitresses to be employed at the Paragon Café outside of the Simos family. James is marked with an X in the above photo.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Many of the town’s early
carpenters and builders were Scots, including Joseph Nimmo who arrived from
Lanarkshire in 1879 aged 28 (died 1917), he operated a grocery and timber
merchant business in Katoomba street on the site of Copeland’s store, owned the
Railway Hotel, later Hotel Gearin in the 1890s, was Mayor of Katoomba in 1892 and a foremost Freemason. Joseph’s son Robert worked in the Katoomba post office for many
years and married Alice, daughter of Katoomba’s famous butcher ‘Honest’ George
James in 1918.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="14" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops - 40-44 Katoomba Street 1902 Federation/Anglo-Dutch<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
This building was owned by George
James from 1920, in the second half of the 1930s the shops included the Blue
Mountains Butchery, A West bootmaker, Penfold’s Wines. The first floor façade
is described as among the finest and most intact Edwardian fabric in the town
centre. The western shoe store at the bottom of Katoomba Street was owned by
the west family for may years.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKMwnT6YpLLVIsB4bDq9eOp8XViIy3Sb1UGayxvZ_mmzJPSj9KiY3Zf16fiBLrApgJe3961vd0E_RfGu6lWK2aOdRsQB2fab5bj5DdCGURZO-q2bWr5jbwQiMBsSdxRgwQuHlSb6PIiX0/s1600/img071.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKMwnT6YpLLVIsB4bDq9eOp8XViIy3Sb1UGayxvZ_mmzJPSj9KiY3Zf16fiBLrApgJe3961vd0E_RfGu6lWK2aOdRsQB2fab5bj5DdCGURZO-q2bWr5jbwQiMBsSdxRgwQuHlSb6PIiX0/s320/img071.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Top of Katoomba Street showing the Penfold's Wine Bar c.1915</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
</div>
<ol start="15" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops - Aroney’s 46-54 Katoomba Street Federation Free Style 1921 date on parapet<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Rates records show that shops have
operated on this site since 1901 and by the 1920s the three shops were owned by
George James. In the 1930s the shops were owned by Penfold’s Wines, Zacharias
Simos and Mr. Veripatis a fishmonger respectively. By the 1940s the third shop
was known as Aroney’s Fish & Oyster Café and later as Aroney’s Café Milk
Bar which was sold in the 1990s and is now called Journey.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="16" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> ANZ Bank 56-64 Katoomba Street 1985<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
The façade is a remodeling of an
older building, the walls of which are still visible at the rear. Rates records
show a house occupied the site in 1901 and by the 1920 two shops owned by a Mr.
Goldstein; in 1938 it was the Paris Café
offering ‘meals and fountain drinks’ owned by a Mr. Comnino. Remodeling took place
around 1984 for the current bank. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="17" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shop - Webb’s 66 Katoomba Street 1912
Federation Free Classical<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Purpose built bank offices, in
remarkably good condition, occupied by the Australian Bank of Commerce then
after a merger in 1931 the Bank of NSW, renovated 1934 to a design by Peddle, Thorpe
& Walker; for many years Webb’s Fashion Salon, the exclusive ladies wear
shop in the town and more recently Raine & Horne real estate.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGCEBmpwzfptnmEt5m6oszZV2VscHzA-RrgG2SYvQhgqw8Go12cQp483llj8N4SNdzd7lxQJEEo09WmpGgbk1SkWHJA4dk-i7B6cb8QT1IZskfD6jfNpZ0Cw4Fg_VvXprTtI0zWZFXIQQ/s1600/st+hildas+ed+pf915.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGCEBmpwzfptnmEt5m6oszZV2VscHzA-RrgG2SYvQhgqw8Go12cQp483llj8N4SNdzd7lxQJEEo09WmpGgbk1SkWHJA4dk-i7B6cb8QT1IZskfD6jfNpZ0Cw4Fg_VvXprTtI0zWZFXIQQ/s320/st+hildas+ed+pf915.jpg" width="230" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">St Hilda's 1940s</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<ol start="18" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b>St Hilda’s Church of England 1914
foundation stone, 1915 opened, Federation Gothic Style, tower is a later
date (1960?)<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
This was designed by prominent 20<sup>th</sup>
century architect John Burcham Clamp, a partner of Walter Burley Griffin, built
by Mr. Johnson of Leura. Replaces the first Anglican church built in 1885 know
as the School Church of St Hilda built through the activity of the Rev. Simons,
the incumbent at Blackheath. The first clergyman was the Rev. Power; the
present building was dedicated by J C Wright, Archbishop of Sydney, on 16th
September 1914. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="19" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Commonwealth Bank 68
Katoomba Street 1926
Interwar Free Classical design by the Dept. of the Interior<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
The Commonwealth Savings Bank
opened in Katoomba in 1913 and the present building was erected in 1926; it
became the Commonwealth Bank in 1931. Significant as representative of a number
of Commonwealth Banks constructed in the state during the 1920s in this style
and evidence of the commercial consolidation of Katoomba during that period. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMb0bkBrzo0xKRTUSOdVVH9u6Qa71BZa6CsBBtJ2MQtimnm77nGeMxWgY15t9EsZwp8gM7R0grsmDmjtm4MLyJe8KXiaDPePSC9I8TaAiNXl4i8mXoianyFUiGhEJ29v3VXDcvsel-X4A/s1600/img617+ed+m.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="159" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMb0bkBrzo0xKRTUSOdVVH9u6Qa71BZa6CsBBtJ2MQtimnm77nGeMxWgY15t9EsZwp8gM7R0grsmDmjtm4MLyJe8KXiaDPePSC9I8TaAiNXl4i8mXoianyFUiGhEJ29v3VXDcvsel-X4A/s320/img617+ed+m.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<ol start="20" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops 81-83 Katoomba Street 1935,
Pepperday’s Building<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
From the mid 1920s these premises
housed Pepperday’s Mercery Store and Helen Hunter’s Ladies Hairdressing salon
and gift store. In 1958 Woolworths opened its Food Market here. The façade underwent later modification and during the 1990s
was occupied by Crazy Prices, Go-Lo, and more recently a computer shop.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMECZng9sjm9Vh8Uu3I3auVIqtkXFZo3QfQc92l2tZ2nIRMl0rkBVTf4cFlLwkrpLRmv-ds4X2Vr4-PX7lcBFP0iSNvvd-VfTn9CKs35ICXF6VDskwTHMfwF5GlnPXQKyBPPcGaYY7YXo/s2048/ss+06-8+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1627" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMECZng9sjm9Vh8Uu3I3auVIqtkXFZo3QfQc92l2tZ2nIRMl0rkBVTf4cFlLwkrpLRmv-ds4X2Vr4-PX7lcBFP0iSNvvd-VfTn9CKs35ICXF6VDskwTHMfwF5GlnPXQKyBPPcGaYY7YXo/s320/ss+06-8+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Woolworths Food Market adjacent to the main store, opening day 1958 </td></tr></tbody></table><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="21" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops
Woolworths building 87 Katoomba Street 1939
Interwar 1930s Functionalist Style<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Opened 23 June 1939 as a purpose
designed retail outlet for the Woolworths chain. Prior to this in the 1930s the
site was the premises of S Kensell Grocers and the Civic Fruit Vegetable and
Confectionery Shop. It is significant as one of the few remaining examples of a
chain of purpose-designed stores from the period. During the 1990s was occupied
by Crazy Prices and more recently an office supplies store.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="22" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Bank
86 Katoomba Street
1956-7 Post war stripped
classical style<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
An unimproved property was
purchased by the Bank of NSW in November 1938 and premises were erected in
1956-7. One of a number of purpose designed bank buildings of the Post War era
in Katoomba Street which provide a positive and monumental element within the
streetscape. Later is was the State Bank and more recently Mr. Pickwick’s
Bookshop.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="23" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops Goyder Bros. & Tozzi’s
88-92 Katoomba Street 1920s Interwar Free Classical Style<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Goyder Bros. were a prominent
Katoomba family with interests in real estate, auctions, tours and holiday
cottages. Tozzi’s building was altered in 1939 by the then owner Mr. Simos,
local architect H L Blackwood.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="24" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops
98 Katoomba Street 1940 Interwar Art Deco<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Alterations to an early building
carried out in 1940 for Mr. Simos, design by local architect H L Blackwood,
shopfront is post war, with cement rendered façade, and metal frame windows
from 1940 modification. Katoomba Record shop in 1980s, recently a rug shop. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="25" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops
108-114 Katoomba Street 1910
Federation Free Classical<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Two storeys with exuberant
parapet detailing, cement moldings and green ceramic tiles in the pedimented
sections; the fine lead light shop fronts date from the 1920s.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
In the mid 1930s T J Andrews
occupied 108-110 and the first Soper Bros. replaced a ladies hairdresser in
112-114 before Soper Chambers was built next door in the late 1930s. Now it is Higgins
& Higgins Solicitors and RSPCA Op Shop.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMs1do7_KvrnBuFRdbqYe4jic8b8DfCWJ7PQZa3B7vaU4MCFRT_QF8NupoNLRQyUmEpn5VN95WgknXUFPQG19BoAcNW9duXkDYwVWXloYw2yZW3KgQkAJ0ZxGahSx8xl-b5rQfKVAVHpI/s1600/img448.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMs1do7_KvrnBuFRdbqYe4jic8b8DfCWJ7PQZa3B7vaU4MCFRT_QF8NupoNLRQyUmEpn5VN95WgknXUFPQG19BoAcNW9duXkDYwVWXloYw2yZW3KgQkAJ0ZxGahSx8xl-b5rQfKVAVHpI/s320/img448.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<ol start="26" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops
113-117 Katoomba Street
Thompson’s Shoes St.
George Arnold’s <o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
During mid 1930s Arnold’s Drapery
occupied 117; McIntyre’s Katoomba Boot Palace 113 now Thompson’s Shoes.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="27" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Soper Chambers 118 Katoomba Street 1922</b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Two storey building, first floor façade of face bricks divided into three
sections by wide piers rising above parapet level, stepped parapet with signage
in central position, multi-paned double hung window sashes.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Purpose built for Soper Bros real estate agents.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ol start="28" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Canberra Flats State Bank 122-126 Katoomba Street 1905+, 1956<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
From 1905 guesthouse ‘Aircourt’,
1921 ‘Springhill’, 1930 ‘Craiglee’, renamed Canberra Flats, purchased 1950 by
the Rural Bank and rebuilt as present building opened December 1956 with
banking chamber, offices, flats and restaurant in basement. The State Bank
dated from the 1980s and Colonial State Bank the 1990s, now business stationary
supplies operated by Katoomba Newsagency. Façade and sides were originally clad
in ceramic tiles now painted.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="29" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Allawah Flats 123-129b Katoomba
Street, Inter-war 1930s, c.1935<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Three storey building, upper two storeys brick divided into three
sections by wide brick piers. Pairs of large double hung windows with multi-paned
sashes and concrete lintels, terracotta tile roof.<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTLzXCruObX7VLvPabTBa04vhVsX1gs3NgyLSYCPUSg9nLaA5-yXDIUi_k4vD_OaPi5f1XLzBeyix1BICzEKqo-1T8UJ3t0Fpb5S95UNSik7HP64DL0Rsl8dRdv4zjq747ELw8FRFSB4M/s1600/kat+st+ed+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTLzXCruObX7VLvPabTBa04vhVsX1gs3NgyLSYCPUSg9nLaA5-yXDIUi_k4vD_OaPi5f1XLzBeyix1BICzEKqo-1T8UJ3t0Fpb5S95UNSik7HP64DL0Rsl8dRdv4zjq747ELw8FRFSB4M/s320/kat+st+ed+2.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Looking south 1930s</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<ol start="30" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shop Miss Duff Dressmaker 128 Katoomba Street 1910<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
During the 1930s occupied by Miss
Duff dressmaker and later by a cleaner and presser 1938, the original verandah was
removed and the first floor window and awning was constructed in the period
1933-38. The Duff family has been associated with the Blue Mountains for over
150 years. Robert ‘Bob’ Duff was born in Hartley 1845, his parents having
arrived from Scotland five years earlier. At the age of nineteen Bob married
sixteen year old Caroline Smith from Campbelltown and the couple settled in the
Megalong Valley, farming 1100 acres on the Cox’s River. Between seasons Bob
worked his team of bullocks, sometimes on the road for up to five months.
Physically he cut an imposing figure, standing 6’3” and weighing 17 stone. Bob
Duff died in March 1893, killed while breaking in a colt; he was forty eight years
old and left a family of sixteen children. His wife Caroline eventually moved
her family to Blackheath where she died in 1942 at the age of ninety seven.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="31" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Gloucester Flats 130-134 Katoomba Street, Inter-war 1930s, c.1935</b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Three storey building with terracotta tiles roof contained by parapet
ends. Intact shop fronts, upper storeys finished with cement render, masonry portions
of bay windows finished with rough cast; timber framed double hung windows.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ol start="32" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops
XOOX 131-133 Katoomba
Street Interwar Free Classical <o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
First floor verandas were originally
open with balustrading and column supports.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="33" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shop
Ayr Lodge 140 Katoomba Street 1937<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Deep window canopy with colour
blended terracotta shingles. The original 1926 house sold to Dr. and Mrs. Alcorn
in 1929, by 1937 site occupied by shops and offices, became known as Ayr Lodge
by 1943.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="34" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Uniting Church 142
Katoomba Street 1888 1907<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
This was originally Katoomba
Methodist Church, the oldest church in Katoomba, foundation stone 8<sup>th</sup>
September 1888, opened 17 November 1888,
extensions 27 January 1907. Brick building embellished by cement rendered
copings, moldings and spires arranged along the western parapet, terracotta
inset panel high on main façade. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="35" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops
153-155 Katoomba Street 1905-1910 ‘CWC’ in parapet<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">In the second half of the 1930s the building was occupied by W Smith bootmaker now Peter Sudich Art Supplies & Framing (155) and Johnson & Sharp bakers (153), The Buttery.</span></blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="36" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> St. Canice’s Roman Catholic Church, 157 Katoomba Street, foundation stone laid 1903, Federation Gothic</b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Cement rendered building with pointed stone openings, stone trimming
around some openings, rusticated stone at corners and at buttresses. Squat
tower with shallow hipped roof at south-western corner. Terracotta roof tiles.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ol start="37" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> St. Canice’s Presbytery 1905, Federation Bungalow</b></li>
</ol>
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
Two storey building with large hipped roof covered in terracotta tiles.
Two storey verandah on western side with timber posts and timber shingles at
first floor level which also features a cantilevered balcony. Cement rendered
walls elsewhere. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHXIaf34L-SemDK7T-fieS11otFMnu82s7k6pOwGzhTpT-ICfQ9kdeXOGRkvGU61JQcIVg6dXkoc3uRbwt619ls-bomI8D-B-zYT7vg1KugRiHG65Opkl7B1dQspPld2elRXt5x9Km43A/s1600/pf335+ed.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHXIaf34L-SemDK7T-fieS11otFMnu82s7k6pOwGzhTpT-ICfQ9kdeXOGRkvGU61JQcIVg6dXkoc3uRbwt619ls-bomI8D-B-zYT7vg1KugRiHG65Opkl7B1dQspPld2elRXt5x9Km43A/s320/pf335+ed.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Harry Phillips' shop</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<ol start="38" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops 157-159 Katoomba Street 1910-15, Interwar Free Classical 1920s<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
In the winter of 1908 Harry
Phillips, an unemployed printing machinist, suffering from work injuries to
both hands which cost him his job, arrived in Katoomba to recuperate. After
three weeks camping out with his wife Isobel and their only child Isobel, the
landscape had made such an impression that he decided to settle in the area
permanently and established a small confectionery and photographic business at
159 Katoomba Street and by 1912 had moved to 179 Katoomba Street. As business
expanded he combined his talent for photography with his skill as a printer,
producing the Blue Mountains view books for which he has become best known.<br />
<br />
Harry Phillips brought a passionate intensity to the presentation and promotion of the
Mountains that had never been seen before and would go to any length for a
picture often waiting hours for the right conditions. His books were sent to
the trenches on the Great War and his photos hung in Parliament House. A sober
and religiously minded man of slight, wiry figure and always formally attired,
his friends would joke when there was mist about, that, ‘Harry’s happy’. Harry and Isobel were both born in Ballarat
into families of 11 children. Note classically derived details of later
Interwar first floor addition: panels, plaques, Greek Key band. Gemglow
Jewelers (157), Serene’s Café (159), Elephant Bean Café.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ol start="39" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b> Shops 165-171 Katoomba Street 1910-1915, Federation Free Classical<o:p></o:p></b></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;">
In 1930s occupied by Mitchell’s
Drapers & Mercers; Young’s Chinese Restaurant (169) Fine Flowers (167)
Mostly Rugs (165)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
John Merriman <o:p></o:p>2008, 2016, 2018, 2021 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Local Studies Librarian </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Blue Mountains City Library<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
All images from the Local Studies collection at Springwood Library.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
References: <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Pictorial
Memories - Blue Mountains, John Low, 1991<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->A
Building Census of Katoomba Street, Mark Broderick, 1997<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Katoomba
Town Centre Heritage Study, Rod Howard Heritage Conservation, 1999<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Blue
Mountains City Library Local Studies Section: files, rate books, indexes,
photographs<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->The
Prince of Whips, the life and works of the Blue Mountains pioneer Harry
Peckman, <st1:personname w:st="on">John Low</st1:personname> & Jim Smith,
1993.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-75153894273313625642016-03-21T15:54:00.001+11:002016-03-22T10:00:22.062+11:00Japanese Street Names in Leura & Hazelbrook<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_u_fqvM5XByIvQlFGXiED0gbXGHvyiBQWSiNvb62fAKtnR7ULNWWIs7J5kq8YNZVs2bVrij1ugszCJfVcy9vyPo9KnjKLZDyc0f8Tf4H3ix04hB2YZ4tnS8rY5KKHImSo9PdwhwxH0So/s1600/japanese+sailors+01+anmm.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_u_fqvM5XByIvQlFGXiED0gbXGHvyiBQWSiNvb62fAKtnR7ULNWWIs7J5kq8YNZVs2bVrij1ugszCJfVcy9vyPo9KnjKLZDyc0f8Tf4H3ix04hB2YZ4tnS8rY5KKHImSo9PdwhwxH0So/s320/japanese+sailors+01+anmm.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Japanese sailors at Taronga Zoo, 1924<br />
Australian National Maritime Museum</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN">In the latter part of the 19<sup>th</sup> Century and the early 20<sup>th</sup>
Century, Japanese art and culture had a widespread influence on Western art,
interior design, music, fashion and textiles. Many Australians, like others in
Europe and elsewhere, were fascinated by things Japanese. Japanese Navy
training squadrons twice entered <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Sydney</st1:placename>
<st1:placename w:st="on">Harbour</st1:placename></st1:place>, in 1903 and
1906, to enthusiastic receptions. During the 1906 visit, Katoomba Municipal
Council extended a formal invitation to the officers and men of the fleet to
visit the Blue Mountains, and a number of new streets were named in their
honour, one other street was given a Japanese name in 1922. However following
the attack on <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Pearl</st1:placename>
<st1:placetype w:st="on">Harbour</st1:placetype></st1:place> in 1942, the Japanese
names were changed as follows.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN">Japanese name 1906</span></u><span lang="EN"> <i> </i><u>New
Name 1942</u><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN">Ito Pde, <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Leura Britain
St</st1:address></st1:street><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN">Iwasaki Pde, <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Leura Franklin
St</st1:address></st1:street><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on"><span lang="EN">Kamimura Lane</span></st1:address></st1:street><span lang="EN">, Leura (1922) Victory Lane<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN">Kamimura Pde, <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Leura Winston
St</st1:address></st1:street><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on"><span lang="EN">Togo Ave</span></st1:address></st1:street><span lang="EN">, <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Hazelbrook Cunningham
St</st1:address></st1:street><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><span lang="EN">Togo</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span lang="EN"> Pde, <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Leura Churchill
St</st1:address></st1:street><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on"><span lang="EN">Tokio Rd</span></st1:address></st1:street><span lang="EN">, <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Leura Roosevelt
St</st1:address></st1:street><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN">John Merriman <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN">Local Studies Librarian<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN"> </span>References:</div>
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<span lang="EN">* Street Whys, the Origins of <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">Blue
Mountains City Street</st1:address></st1:street> Names. Christopher J Woods,
1997.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN">* Minute Books, Katoomba Municipal Council, 1906, 1922,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-30162309941726388112016-02-05T10:43:00.002+11:002016-07-18T08:57:58.943+10:00Knapsack Viaduct, Lapstone<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 11.3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbJ6DzMDj8N2jNxEBbsoCSWgMGpdx79of7GcSJ81PoOOnDzNzazljs8B_T2QBYn1GWYhaq5fLtFsXx9TMT0G7T3gFYcsLfIV14laeqIjk5Ze2mhONALgp8xkMEed6prSC49aywiE-KJGw/s1600/knapsack+viaduct+ed+w+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbJ6DzMDj8N2jNxEBbsoCSWgMGpdx79of7GcSJ81PoOOnDzNzazljs8B_T2QBYn1GWYhaq5fLtFsXx9TMT0G7T3gFYcsLfIV14laeqIjk5Ze2mhONALgp8xkMEed6prSC49aywiE-KJGw/s320/knapsack+viaduct+ed+w+.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Knapsack Viaduct c.1880</td></tr>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 11.3pt;">For the early train travellers, rattling across the
Emu Plains in the late 1860s and 1870s, the seven classical, white sandstone
arches </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 11.3pt;">of the Knapsack Viaduct
must have </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 11.3pt;">presented an inspiring sight with which to begin their
ascent of the Blue Mountains. The construction of the viaduct, the like of
which no native-born colonial had ever seen, reaffirmed their nineteenth
century faith in Man's mastery of Nature, a faith which, in the colony's short
history, had often seemed threatened by this range of mountains.</span></div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">In order to avoid costly
tunnels, the Engineer-in-Chief of the NSW Railways, John Whitton, proposed the
construction of zigzags on both the eastern and western flanks of the Blue
Mountains, known as the Lithgow or Great Zig Zag and the Lapstone or Little Zig
Zag respectively. In Whitton's words, the bridge 'consisted of five spans of
fifty feet and two of twenty feet each, built in masonry . . . for a single
line of railway on an incline of 1 in 30'.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">The contract for construction was let to W. Watkins in
March 1863, and the work was completed in 1865. The bridge was constructed of
sandstone quarried in the neighbourhood, and carried a single rail line. The
construction work brought hundreds of people to Lapstone, and later, employees
of the railways to service it. The construction workers camped near their work
sites, often with their families. T</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">he
seven arched viaduct at Lapstone was hailed as a landmark of Australian
engineering and the finest piece of masonry in New South Wales when it opened
in 1867. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">When the line was opened to
traffic from Penrith to Bowenfels in October 1869, ease of travel by the new
railway almost immediately began to broaden the public perceptions of the value
and worth of the Blue Mountains. When the western line was extended to Bathurst
in 1876, a new period of settlement and tourism was already underway. The track
included a now abandoned station called Lucasville which was built for the
Minister for Mines, John Lucas who had a holiday home nearby.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTGHwrK0gc4-W0g8SntRjWod-WjsM261iSv0kl0mDI830rpW7zNxytvDwKVpMSDNcTseJ3kgYrnh1T6GJmL5XkfIO20_SHF4JDVxNF7vW7edagyzbMyaAvUYuiijB1mqGMaTgLXfrUl0s/s1600/img434.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTGHwrK0gc4-W0g8SntRjWod-WjsM261iSv0kl0mDI830rpW7zNxytvDwKVpMSDNcTseJ3kgYrnh1T6GJmL5XkfIO20_SHF4JDVxNF7vW7edagyzbMyaAvUYuiijB1mqGMaTgLXfrUl0s/s320/img434.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lapstone Zig Zag plan showing both viaducts and roads</td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 11.3pt;">The Railway Guide of New South
Wales, 1879 described the journey toward the viaduct from Penrith, and then the
structure itself, rather more romantically, 'the Railway may be seen winding
upwards - past huge rocks and steep declivities, alternating with dense woods;
the noble viaduct across Knapsack Gully being hence already distinguishable . .
. You have by this time arrived at the Knapsack Gully Viaduct - boldly erected
across a steep and stony gorge by the genius of the Engineer in Chief, John
Whitton. This admirable and imposing structure (which Imperial Rome . . . might
have been proud to claim) consists of seven successive arches'. Nell Aston in
1988 imagined the view from the train as it crossed the Knapsack Viaduct before
ascending the Zig Zag writing, 'it must have seemed like flying'.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Nevertheless, in the years that followed, the railway
landscape on the eastern escarpment underwent significant modification and the
place of the viaduct in the scheme of things was destined to change. By the
turn of the nineteenth century the increase in the volume of freight on the
western line and the restrictions on the length of trains imposed by the Zigzag
meant it had become uneconomical and Whitton’s masterpiece was gradually
replaced by tunnels and deviations and the Lapstone viaduct was abandoned. The
Zig-Zag itself was replaced in the early 1890s by a tunnel through the ridge
over which it had allowed access. While this first deviation did not affect the
role of the viaduct, such was not the case twenty years later when a second
deviation, of considerably greater magnitude, was constructed through Glenbrook
Gorge. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbogAqEiKE2CFm2QtNhIbiNPZF8F1X5KN5hw_sec04F0FGyABUz09TOLZwMjJyp10aseXPYybP6jhf1R_frxVPmCBVImYwKEBn0pNkn6rN389C1F9doLCwwrqZ5pi8ODWFIsl9FN2Nxj4/s1600/firese+on+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbogAqEiKE2CFm2QtNhIbiNPZF8F1X5KN5hw_sec04F0FGyABUz09TOLZwMjJyp10aseXPYybP6jhf1R_frxVPmCBVImYwKEBn0pNkn6rN389C1F9doLCwwrqZ5pi8ODWFIsl9FN2Nxj4/s320/firese+on+.jpg" width="216" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fire's On, Arthur Streeton, 1891</td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 11.3pt;">In 1891 the artist Arthur Streeton visited the
Lapstone Hill tunnel site and painted his famous picture ‘Fires On’. The
painting captures a critical moment during the construction of the railway
line: the death of a railway worker in an explosion. 'Fire's on' was the
warning call before the blast, as the gang dynamited the tunnel through the
hillside.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Opened in 1913, the new route represented a dramatic
change and included a new viaduct over Knapsack Gully, lower down than the
original it replaced. Only seventy-five feet above the creek bed, this second
viaduct was on a curve and built of brick. With its phasing out as a part of
the rail route over the Blue Mountains the old nineteenth century Knapsack
Viaduct was, however, soon to find a new role as part of a very twentieth
century system of transportation. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">The advent of the motor car focused attention upon the
condition of many of the State's roads including the Main Western Road up Mitchell's
Pass. A more suitable route was sought and, in October 1926, the viaduct was
taken over by the Department of Main Roads and incorporated into the route of
the Great Western Highway, and in response to increasing traffic the road deck was
widened to 30 feet (9.1m) in 1939. With the opening of the M4 motorway
extension in 1993 the viaduct was closed to traffic completely and developed of
a tourism and heritage precinct</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">commenced.
In 1995 the bridge was reopened for pedestrian access, along with the John
Whitton Memorial Reserve, by Member for Macquarie, Maggie Deahm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEid8yAUSv-jCn3eRmTxRGxByGoOU5aH4kOp6kJHzNmYphRIpZXxYhD-TyA8Ii6PKc8eB91fXEQ-PGJceWR_Jn28IexRjJdsMUZ1FNdp_S2IPTvqvC73PCsp5T360XQ19KYr7zojb0SQqKA/s1600/img436.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEid8yAUSv-jCn3eRmTxRGxByGoOU5aH4kOp6kJHzNmYphRIpZXxYhD-TyA8Ii6PKc8eB91fXEQ-PGJceWR_Jn28IexRjJdsMUZ1FNdp_S2IPTvqvC73PCsp5T360XQ19KYr7zojb0SQqKA/s320/img436.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lapstone Zig Zag Walking Track</td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 11.3pt;">For those willing to pause from their travels for a
time, a walking track winds down from the old Lucasville Station, through the
arches of the viaduct to the floor of the gully, across Knapsack Creek and up
the opposite slope to Elizabeth Lookout. From this track visitors can observe
closely the graceful, arched contours of the viaduct and discern the solid
nature of its construction which so impressed our colonial forebears. Despite
being overshadowed later by its grander cousins on the western flank of the
mountains, the Knapsack Viaduct was one of the early achievements that helped
to encourage the fledgling Australian self-confidence.</span></div>
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<u><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Dimensions<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Length of each of the 5 main spans: 15.2m<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Smaller spans at each end: 6.1m<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Maximum pier height from deck to rock: 40m<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Links:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=4301012"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=4301012</span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapstone_Zig_Zag"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapstone_Zig_Zag</span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">References:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Knapsack Viaduct, Lapstone. I</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">n: Historic Blue Mountains, John Low (1987).</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Rails, Roads and Ridges, History
of Lapstone Hill- Glenbrook. Nell Aston, for the Glenbrook Public School
Centenary Committee (1988)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Links: http://www.slideshare.net/srnsw/ble-mountains-railway-the-train-that-thought-it-could</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Local Studies Librarian, 2016<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7419420238917606971.post-80383348432190916062016-01-19T12:54:00.002+11:002016-01-19T12:57:28.339+11:00 Katoomba Court House<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2hsGZnbQzGZBkn4Z2snHo_1ha-dDTyuDRKXhMOC2ukgWygMHOTL0Lz7IGjUog5QjFuPrkTemNCcAgrz4FaglnzqEvaQW4og6n3MOutXI7iWM_91eDu53a_qjFuwTYT4aPP0z3yX7Jwts/s1600/img943+ed+2+nov+1972.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2hsGZnbQzGZBkn4Z2snHo_1ha-dDTyuDRKXhMOC2ukgWygMHOTL0Lz7IGjUog5QjFuPrkTemNCcAgrz4FaglnzqEvaQW4og6n3MOutXI7iWM_91eDu53a_qjFuwTYT4aPP0z3yX7Jwts/s320/img943+ed+2+nov+1972.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Aerial view of the court House in 1972</td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">By the early 1890s Katoomba had
become, through coal and tourism, a town with a future. Municipal status had
been granted in 1889 and the possibilities of continued growth held promise of
glittering prizes for local commerce.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Civic pride flowered in the hearts
of the town's citizens and men prominent in local affairs began to seek
expression of Katoomba's new prestige through the erection of appropriate
public buildings.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">A new brick post office was erected
in the Bathurst Road in 1887 while, in 1891, a substantial timber railway
station replaced its earlier counterpart at the gateway to the town. A year
later, in 1892, a deputation of aldermen travelled to Sydney to argue for the
construction of a court house at Katoomba.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Three years later, on Saturday 4 May
1895, a large crowd of locals and visitors gathered by the Bathurst Road on the
Sydney side of Katoomba. They watched as the Lieutenant Governor, Sir Frederick
Darley, accepted a silver, ebony-handled trowel and mallet of lignum vitae and
proceeded ceremonially to lay the foundation stone of the latest jewel in
Katoomba's crown. The new court house, said the Mountaineer newspaper, would be a building whose "outward appearance
will delight those with architectural tastes, while its inner compartments will
be a terror to evil doers".<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">In his speech Sir Frederick
acknowledged that he was no stranger to Katoomba, declaring that the last seven
years he had spent at Lilianfels, his country retreat on the cliffs at Echo
Point, had been the happiest of his life. He had watched the town grow from a
village, huddled around one main road and a few bridle paths, into a
municipality with the potential to become the playground of Australia. He had
no doubt that Katoomba would prosper and praised the energy of her leading citizens.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">All who spoke, both at the ceremony
and at the "capital lunch" which followed in the Carrington, echoed
these sentiments. And, as the building took shape over the ensuing months, the
quality and style of its construction seemed to personify this prevailing
spirit of optimism.</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">The stone used for its outer walls
was a "perfectly white" freestone quarried locally, within a mile of
the building site. It was claimed by one of the contractors that "he had
never met its equal". Internally, the story was the same. The walls were
finished in smoke coloured plaster, the ceiling curved and paneled with heavy
cedar moldings. The acoustic properties were especially commented upon as was
the large semicircular, lead-lighted front window through which a softened light
suffused the court room. When the building was opened for business on 19
February 1896 the presiding magistrate declared it to be "one of the most
comfortable and elegant in the colony".</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">At the laying of the foundation
stone several dignitaries had expressed the hope that, while the court house
was a credit to the district, it would be little, if ever, used. Throughout the
first day of business, in these admired and civilized surroundings, such
fanciful expectations were grounded by reality. A succession of flawed humanity
stood before the bench charged with everything from drunkenness and obscene
language to assault and robbery. Later, by 1926, business was such that the
building had to be enlarged.</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">The civic optimists were soon
reminded that not all Katoomba's citizens shared their faith. The court house
served other functions than the mere provision of "an architectural
ornament to the town".<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;">Ref: The Court House, Katoomba, in:
Historic Blue Mountains, 1987 by John Low</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
Merryjackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18356307673365009306noreply@blogger.com0